This presentation is delivered regularly with faculty at our institution to discuss the possibilities of open education and open educational resources. I keep this presentation up to date, so please feel free to use it to share open practices and open pedagogy!
Last updated May 2014
1. Introduction to Open Educational Resources (OER)
Michael Paskevicius
Learning Technologies Application Developer
Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning
Vancouver Island University
Search & Create LicenseRemix Share
3. What does the term open educational
resources (OER) mean to you?
by dkscully
4. Learning outcomes for today’s session
• Understand the term open educational
resources and how they came to be
• Know where to search for open educational
resources
• Recognize and understand the Creative
Commons License
• Consider how open educational resources
might impact your work
5. Open Educational Resources
Shared
Shared freely
and openly to
be…
Used
Improved
Redistributed
… used by
anyone to …… adapt / repurpose/
improve under some
type of license in order
to …
… redistribute
and share
again.
Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open
Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable
online and openly licensed that can be:
6. Available to other
faculties, students and
institutions.
Other educators can now
discover and reuse.
Learning activity
or resource
Creates
Designated as
OER on web
Adapted from Conole, G., McAndrew, P. & Dimitriadis, Y., 2010
Shares
with students
and other
faculty
Traditional sharing of
teaching materials
Sharing educational
resources as OER
Additional considerations:
• Clearing of copyright issues
• Formatting for web and accessibility for reuse
• Addition of descriptive metadata
• Publishing in repository, referatory or on the web
Educator
Sharing beyond the classroom
7. • Alternative
copyright
Licensing
• A range of
financial
models
• Affordances
of the
Internet
• Change in
philosophy
Social Technical
LegalFinancial
What has enabled OER?
8. The Open Movement
Change in philosophy towards an
“Open Movement”
Open Source Software
Open Access
Open Licences
Open Science
Open Society
Open Educational
Resources
Open Data
9. Affordances of the Internet
Title : File:Internet map 1024.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpg
license : Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
10. A range of financial models
• Donor funding – e.g. Hewlett Foundation
• Marketing budget – e.g. Open University
• Commission – e.g. MIT and Amazon
• Endowment – e.g. Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy
• Membership – e.g. Sakai Consortium, OCWC
• Government – e.g. UK £7.8 million grant, US
commitment to OER
11. What happens when you create and
share something on the internet?
Your work is automatically protected under copyright!
12. Online DOES NOT EQUAL openly
licensed!
Pixel | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken from -
http://www.flickr.com/photos/37408217@N08/5025870260/ Author: filin
ilia - aliyo.hu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en
17. http://creativecommons.org/choose/
Choosing a Creative Commons License
Which Creative Commons licence is right for me? poster | Creative Commons
Australia : taken from - http://creativecommons.org.au/learn-more/fact-sheets/which-
creative-commons-licence-is-right-for-me-poster
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/
18. A note on Fair Dealing in Canada
• The copyright modernization act
(Bill C-11) broadens the scope of
fair dealing and allowances in
education
• UBC has an excellent summary of
key changes on their website as
well as a great frequently asked
questions guide
Photo Credit: Thomas Tolkien licensed
under Creative Commons
19. Recap: What makes an OER?
• Educational curriculum, materials or mixed
media
• Discoverable online as they are shared freely
and openly
• Openly licensed (usually Creative Commons)
• Can be legally used by anyone to repurpose/
improve and redistribute
29. Internet Enables - Copyright Forbids
http://torrentfreak.com/police-raid-school-teacher-for-
uploading-history-book-for-students-130520
• Use openly licensed content
whenever possible when
creating your own digital teaching
resources (if planning to share
openly online)
• Link back and cite open
sources within your content
http://www.roniloren.com/blog/2012/7/20/bloggers-beware-you-
can-get-sued-for-using-pics-on-your-blog.html
40. Free and open source software
More here:
http://www.tripwiremagazine.com/2010/03/20-most-popular-open-source-software-ever-2.html
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Fh7z6Oz4tBK5yvhjdf3UIRjmhJZrO5SJFFIUngLRaF4/edit
Alternative to: Dreamweaver
or hand coded web design
Alternative to: Adobe
Audition or Wavelab Alternative to: MS
Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Ac
cess, Visio
Alternative to: MS
Notepad or
Dreamweaver
Alternative to: MS
Windows, Apple OS Alternative to: MS
MediaPlayer
Alternative to: Adobe
Photoshop, Adobe
Illustrator
41. Open access research: DOAJ
List of Journals Licensed under a Creative Commons License
42. B.C. Open Textbook Project
Brigham Young University faculty survey seeks to advance open
education through academic libraries | Flickr - Photo Sharing! : taken
from - http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/
Author: opensourceway http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
sa/2.0/deed.en
“B.C. is leveraging 21st century-
technologies and licensing to ensure
its citizens have affordable access to
high-quality post-secondary
textbooks. Open licensing on publicly
funded content ensures the greatest
impact for the public dollar.“
Dr. Cable Green (Creative Commons)
http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2009-2013/2012AEIT0010-001581.htm
Cal for reviews: http://open.bccampus.ca/call-for-reviewers/
43. SOME TOOLS OF THE TRADE
A Creative Commons image by (ta)
47. Attribution made “easier”
• Browser plugin lets you
know when you are on
a webpage which uses
Creative Commons
• Click icon to access
attribution text
• Add on available for
Firefox, Chrome, Oper
a, Wordpress and
Drupal
http://openattribute.com/
Demo
48. Xpert Image Attribution Tool
• Searches Creative
Commons Flickr images
• Embeds license and
attribution on image for
download and use
http://www.nottingham.ac.
uk/xpert/attribution/
49. Attributing Creative Commons
https://twitter.com/Mattclare/status/331429150143430659/photo/1
Author, Title, Source, URL to source, URL to
license
MIT OpenCourseWare
Nuclear Systems Design Project | Nuclear Science and
Engineering | MIT OpenCourseWare : taken from -
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/nuclear-engineering/22-033-
nuclear-systems-design-project-fall-2011/ Author: Dr. Michael
Short http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-
sa/3.0/us/deed.en_US
Wikipedia
Vancouver Island University - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia : taken from -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Island_University
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
52. MITx: MIT’s latest open
education projectUdacity
Coursera
2012 - Year of the
Massive Open Online
Course (MOOC)
• Are they really open?
• Content free, pay for
accreditation?
• You pay with your data?
54. CHED Computer Literacy Guides
• IEEE UCT chapter use the openly licensed CHED computer
literacy materials to support training in a computer lab
donated to a high school
http://www.ebe.uct.ac.za/usr/ebe/staff/april2010.pdf
55. Creative Commons Licensing Screencast
• Creative Commons licensing video is translated into
Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish on YouTube
56. Studying at University: A guide for first
year students
• Used by multiple universities across South Africa
• The guide has been accessed over 3800 times on
the web and over 600 physical printed guides
have been sold
• Now used at VIU!
57. OpenContent becomes a Journal Article
• Materials published as OER selected for
publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy
of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational
therapists in the Spanish speaking world
http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/12/06/sharing-knowledge-leads-to-opportunities
59. Closing note:
"When you learn transparently
(and openly) you become a
teacher“
Siemens, 2010
Siemens, G. & Matheos, K. (2010). Open Social Learning in Higher Education: An African Context. VI International
Seminar of the UNESCO chair in e-learning; open social learning. Available online:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oexie4cwpf8
60. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike
2.5 Canada License. To view a copy of this license, visit
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ca/
Prepared by: Michael Paskevicius
Learning Technologies Application Developer
Centre for Innovation and Excellence in Learning
michael.paskevicus@viu.ca
Follow me: http://twitter.com/mpaskevi
Blog: http://wordpress.viu.ca/edtechdev/
Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi
Editor's Notes
Masters in Education Technology at the University of Cape Town in 2009-2011Worked in the Centre for Educational Technology supporting open educational practices (OpenUCT)
The key aspect of an OER is that it is both discoverable online – so that people can find it AND openly licensed - so that people can legally make use of it. OER includes texts, different forms of media, ideas, as well as documented teaching strategies/techniques or practices. Advocates of openness would suggest that the value in OER is in its potential to support learning in many ways and in many contexts.
So what is meant to happen is a cycle of teaching material evermore being improved and shared. Plus it is all legal under the terms of the open license. We are all familiar with preparing materials for the classroom, but for those who want to delve into creating OER there are some additional considerations that you will have to take into mind:Clearing of copyright issuesFormatting for web and accessibility for reuseAddition of descriptivemetadataPublishing in repository, referatory or on the webThis is a fair bit of extra work and a number of additional considerations to take into account when creawting instructional media. Fortunatly there are a number of enablers which can help you.
So open educational resources are part of a larger open movement, which harnesses the affordances provided by the internet, and aims to increase access to information. Open access to research, open availability of data, open science for global collaboration, open source software are all part of this movement.
Internet has brought us closer together then we have ever been as a planet. The time and cost of sharing has been reduced dramatically. Opportunities for collaboration and to explore how other cultures approach teaching and learning are very exciting!
Siyavula (also a Shuttleworth project) supports and encourages communities of teachers to work together, openly share their teaching resources and benefit from the use of technology. Siyavula is based upon the collaborative textbook editor created at Rice University called Connexions and allows South African teachers to collaboratively author textbooks appropriate for their context. The books are also now being printed and recently were added to the approved book list for South African schools~
http://academicearth.org/This site contains videos from a range of subjects and is available under various open licenses to make sure to check the video you wish to use. Terms of use: http://academicearth.org/pages/terms-of-use
Beyond OER: Open education systems – massive open online courses
The first example is of the IEEE chapter using our CHED computer literacy guides for lab training. Students from the chapter actually wrote to us asking for permission to use the guides. We were able to say “yes absolutely!” they are freely available on our website and the Creative Commons license provides the terms for reuse.
Next we have a screencast which was created to help people apply the creative commons to offline works. The video was well received and has since been translated into Czechoslovakian, French, Italian and Spanish.
Of course the A guide for first year students, which was a resounding success and has been used by the University of Venda and the University of the Western Cape to help new students acclimate to the university environment.
One of our greatest stories of reuse was that or Matumo Ramafekeng, whose materials which were published as OER on OpenContent, were selected for publishing in the Journal of Occupational Therapy of Galicia, an open access journal for occupational therapists in the Spanish speaking world
So often we are apprehensive about sharing our works in progress, our thoughts, our notes, our ideas. Technology today provides us many opportunities to share the process of our learning, rather than just the final product. We can share our reflections and ideas on blogs, our thoughts on Twitter or Facebook, and people can instantly comment and contribute to our own ideas. This goes for teaching materials as well, which are sometimes imperfect or not highly refined. In sharing digital media, we may become teachers to someone who is interested in our work. As they follow our thought process, connect to our ideas and references, they may benefit tremendously from us openly sharing the process of our own learning.