1. ( Designing The File or Database )
CT 479 153

2. 0
ElDesign
154 CT 479

3. SALES-FILE
PERSONNEL - FILE
CT 479

4. Data set 2
Data set 4
0 q
156 CT 479

5. CT 479 157

6. 158 CT 479

7. DATA
811Wd 10.4 Reality ,Data , Metadata
CT 479 159

8. I
PRODUCT
P A C K A G E
1:l
ElD E P A R T M E N T
0takes
I”
rLiC O U R S E S
S A L E S P E R S O N
0
serves M : N
N
r-5
C I T Y
160 CT 479

9. CT 479 161

10. Entity
Salesperson
Package
Order
Data Item
Saleperson number
Saleperson name
Company name
Address
Sales
Width
Height
Length
Weight
Mailing Address
Return Address
Product(s)
Desription
Quatity ordered
Last name of person
who placed the
order
First initial
Street Address
City
Status
Zip code
Credit card number
Date order was placed
Amount
Status
162
Value
87254
Smiih
Music Land
45/7 Adram Road.
$ 20,567
2
16
16
3
765 Dutch Drive
P.O. Box 341 Spring Valley
8521
“My Fair Lady” compact disc
I
Kley
R.
765 Dutch Drive
Taxas
CA
93407
65-8798-87
05/01/87
$6.99
Backordered
CT 479
-..

11. Record
I I
ORDER LAST NAME INITIAL STREET ADD CITY STATE CRE-CARD
Key
CT 479 163

12. ORDER RECORD = (CIRDE_R#,LASTNAME,INITIAL,STREET-ADDRESS,
CITY,STATE,CREDIT-CARDRECORD )
Meta Data : ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FWJi40
Data Item
Salesperson number
Salesperson name
Company name
Address
Sales
Wrdth
Height .
Length
Weight
Mailing address
Return Address
Product(s)
Description(s)
Quantity oraered
Last name of person
who olaced the
order
First Initial
street d”“reSb
City
State
ZIP code
Credit card number
Date order was placed
Amount
Status
L
/
Value
/
N 5
A 20
C 26 Fields
C 36
N 9.2
N Numeric
A Alphabettc
N 2 C Composrte
N - (either A or N)
N ; D Date MMlDDiW
I :! ---J
C 30
N 2
A 24
-.-I
J
A 1 for fields may be
c 28
A 1 2
A 2
N 9
C IO
D 6
N
c field takes up 7 digits, t
i two of which are
right of the decrmal
,
164 CT 479

13. PHYSICIAN
T R E A T M E N T S
1
INSURANCE
1 C A R R I E R
PRESCRIPTIONS
CT 479 165

14. IPHYSICIAN-NAME .
PHYSICIAN-Am&,
PHYSICIAN-PHONE,
PHYSICIAN
SPECIALTY)
IPA TIENT-NAME
PATIENT-ADDRESS, IDESCRIPTION.
PATIENT-PHONE T R E A T M E N T S D A T E ,
DATE-FIRST-VISIT) SYMPTOM)
(CARRIER-NAME (PRODUCT NAME
CARRIER-A%?%&, INSURANCE
- - -
C A R R I E R PRESCRIPTIONS z$FiCTuRER
PLAN-DESCRIPTION)
AMOUNT)

15. ORDER: LASTNAME I STREET ADDRESS 1 CITY I ST I CREDIT-CARD
1 10784
2 10796
3 11821
4 11845
5 11872
6 11976
7 11998
8 12765
9 12769
101 12965
11 13437
1 2 l-13542
NE / 45-4654-76
OK / 45-9876-74
34-7642-64
CT 479 167

16. ORDER FILE
,
-
G
s
R
C
R
G
c
J
i
M
z
-
168 CT 479

17. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
LAST-NAME INDEX
Channing 4
Crawford 10
Cullurn 1 1
JNK?S 2
Kiley 5
,“#d‘V%“C 1
MDSW 12
Orbach 8
Preston 3
RIvera 7
Steeie 9
Verdon 6
STATUS INDEX
mi
IRDER I=iL
3RDERI1
I
10784
10796
11821
11845
11872
11976
11998
12765
12769
12965
13432
13542
1
E
TY !NDEX
Anatevka
Chlcago
FInnIan
La Mancha
LIllCOln
LO"OO"
8
e’w York
klahoma City
Rwer cq
Shenandoah
12
67 8
9
5
1
IO
4
2
3
11
CREDIT-CARD INDEX
12-2312-54
23-0098-23
23-4545-65
34-0876-87
34-6723-98
34-7642-64
45-4654-76
45-8734-33
45-9876-74
65-7687-09
65-8798-87
67-8453-18
ST
NE
O K
I A
NV
C A
IL
IL
IL
N J
N H
VT
N D
-
f
CREDIT-CARD
45-4654-76
45-9876-74
34-7642-64
34-087c~87
65-8798-87
67-8453-18
12-2312-54
23-4545-65
65-7687-09
2sclO98-23
45-8734-33
34-5723-98
I
7
10
8
4
12
3
1
1 1
2
9
5
6
CT479 169

18. 170 CT 479

19. lo, ,Ol’
User Reports
(Tabular Output, Graphs, etc.1
Conceptual Schema
lioglcai Design Model of the Database1
Internal Schema
(Physkal Dwgn Model of the Database)
CT 479 171

20. r-lENTITY
r il I
’ E’ TITY’ E’ TITY
rr
ENTITYENTITY
-3ENTITYENTITY
ilil
-_I-_I
11
ENTITYENTITY ENTITYENTITY ENTITYENTITY ENTITY ENTITY
172 CT 479

21. ITEM
Guys and Dolls
G 2314 Cd” Circle ilncoln NE 45-4654-76 ShlP!xd 5112
s 34 meam Lane miatloma my OK ‘lb-9876-74 ShlPPed 5114
R 765 Dulclnea owe ia Mancha CA 65-8788-87 :n PrOCeSS
I3521 My Fair Lady 6.99
CT 479

22. ENTITY
174 CT 479

23. ITEM-DESCRIPTION
Guys and Dolls 8.99
My Far Lady 6.99
BB94 j 42nd Street 10.99
8992 1 A Chorus Line 1 10.99 1
I
nlwi 10.18 pwknj~aa¶~~am~e~lfJ aaarnsnalaI~aJw”pdi~~M~l4 ITEM-DESCRIPTION
L
i% ORDER-DETAILS -
CT 479 175

24. ITEM-PRICE
1 ITEM-# 1 TITLE I PRICE I
ITEM-STATUS
ITEM- #
8235
,8235
8235
8521
B E 9 4
8894
8992
176 CT 479

25. CT 479 177

26. Unnormaln!d
relations
Step 1: Remove
repeatIng groups
Normailzed
relations
IlNFI
Step 2: Remove
partial dependences
Second normal
form iZNFl
relations
0
Step 3: Remove
transitive dependencies
Thrd normal
form (3NFl
relations
178 CT 479

27. 7. WAREHOUSE - LOCATION
8. SALES AMOUNT
JAMES Draulic
Equipment Company
Spring Valley Minesota
Saleperson # : 3462
Name : Water
Sale Area : West
CUSTOMER CUSTOMER WAREHOUSE WAREkOUSE SALES
NUMBER NAME NUMBER LOCATION
18765 Delta Services 4 Fargo 13,540
18840 M.Levy and Sons 3 Bismark 10,800
CT 479 179

28. SALESPERSON-NUMBER
SALESPERSON-NAME
SALES-AREA
CUSTOMER-NUMBER
CUSTOMER-NAME
WAREHOUSE-NUMBER
WAREHOUSE-LOCATION
SALES AMOUNT
I
180 CT 479

29. SALES - AREA
SALESPERSON NUMBER + SALES-AMOUNT
CT 479 181

30. 182

31. CT 479 8

32. ‘ii&.6 %66¶% SALESPERSON-NUMBER at&mJ%J~~~66¶JtI 1:l fh
SALESPERSON-NAME 66% SALES-AREA 66~o=lni9nalola’PJw’~~66~~ 1:l 6%hTlU”l4
&;0 CUSTOMER-NUMBER , CUSTOMER -NAME,WAREHOUSE LOCATION 66%
SALES-AMOUNT 64lis!ti0lQ$‘ii SALESPERSON-NUMBER 6%dQ~66d?i 3
6510108t&.lp-l~1W%09 SALE-REPORT %UqdeiO?b%?d
SALE REPORT ( SALESPERSON-NUMBER,iALESPERSON -NAME,
SALES-AREA , (CUSTOMER-NUMBER,CUSTOMER-
NAME,WAREHOUSE-NUMBER ,WAREHOUSE-
LOCATION,SALES - AMOUNT ))
1 8 4 CT 479

33. n.
CT 479 185

34. SALESPERSON (SALESPERSON-NUMBER, SALESPERSON-NAME,SALE-
. AREA)
ua:
SALESPERSON-CUSTOMER (SALESPERSQNrNUMBER,
CUSTOMER-NUMBER,
CUSTOMER-NAME,WAREHOUSE-
NUMBER,WAREHOUSE-LOCATION,SALES-
AMOUNT)
186 CT 479

35. CT 479
WAREHOUSE-
AMOUNT
187

36. SALES (SALESPERSON-NUMBER , CUSTOMER-NUMBER.SALE-AMOUNT)
CUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE (CUSTOMER NUMBER,CUSTOMER-
NAME,WAREHOUSE-NUMBER,WAREHOUSE-
LOCATION)
188 CT 479

37. SALESPERSON-CUSTOMER
SALESPERSON CUSTOMER CUSTOMER WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE S A L E S
N U M B E R N U M B E R NAME N U M B E R L O C A T I O N AMOUNT
-
-ES
-
CUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE
C U S T O M E R C U S T O M E R WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE
N U M B E R NAME N U M B E R LOCATION
I / , I
18765 Delta Systems I 4 / Fargo 1
18830 j A. Levy and Sons 1 3 / BlSmarck 1
19242 Ramer Company
18841 R. W. Flood Inc.
18899 / Seward Systems 1 2 Superior
19565 Stodola’s Inc. 1 Plymourh
etc.
t 3 4 6 23 4 6 2 19242 18830 I 10600 9700
I 3593 1 8 8 4 1 l-,-i560
I 3593 18899 / 2590 I
I 3593 19565 / 8800 1
I etc. I
CT 479 189

38. CUSTOMER-
WAREHOUSE-
SnWi 10.29 t6Xn4 transitive dependencies 33KhS WAREHOUSE-
NIJMBER n”u WAREHOUSE-LOCATION
190 CT 479

39. CUSTOMER-WARtHOUSE
CUSTOMER CUSTOMER WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE
N U M B E R N A M E N U M B E R L O C A T I O N
C U S T O M E R WAREHOUSE
C U S T O M E R C U S T O M E R WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE
N U M B E R NAME N U M B E R N U M B E R LOCATION
16765 Delta Systems 4 4 F a r g o
18830 A. Levy and Sons 3 Blsmarck
19242 Ranw Company 3
18841 R. W. Flood Inc 2
18899 Seward Systems / 2
19565 Stodola’s Inc. 1
etc.
s)lWi 10.30 W314nalol~aJw"Pd~~a~ CUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE %~%J~WKI
ath 2 ~aiui=bkdi &I CUSTOMER (1NF) Ilaz WAREHOUSE
(ZNF)
CT 479 191

40. SALESPERSON ( SA!!Sl’ERSQN, SALESPERSON NAME , SALES-AREA )
SALES ( SALmRON-N-R + CYSTQMER-N!JMBER, SALES-
AMOUNT )
CUSTOMER ( _C!JSTOMERxNUMBER , CUSTOMER-NAME, WAREHOUSE:
NUMBER )
WAREHOUSE ( YYAREH~SE:NUMBER , WAREHOUSE-LOCATION )
192 CT 479

41. S A L E S P E R S O N
LUMBER 1 NAME / AREA 1
SALESPERSON SALESPERSON SALES
I 3462 waters I West 1
I 3593 I Dryne 1 East I
I etc. I I I
* C U S T O M E R
4lll EC.,-ccy
SALESPERSON CUSTOMER S A L E S
N U M B E R N U M B E R AMOUNT
3462 18765 13540
3462 18830 10600
3462 19242 9700
3593 1 8 8 4 1 11560
3593 18899 2590
3593 19565 8800
-
etc.
C U S T O M E R C U S T O M E R
N U M B E R
WAREHOUSE )
NAME N U M B E R
18765 Delta Systems 4
1 18830 j A. Levy and Sons / 3
19242 Ranier Company I 3 I
1 8 8 4 1 R. W. Flood Inc 2
18699 Seward Systems 2 i
19565 Stodola’s Inc. I 1 I
WAREHOUSE
WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE
1 N U M B E R ) LOCATION 1
/ 4 I Fargo (
/ 3 / Blsmarck 1
I 2 / Superior I
I 1 I Plymouth
I
etc.
etc. I
1
WAREHOUSE
CT 479 193

42. /’
ISALESPERSON-NUMBER
SALESPERSON SALESPERSON-NW’
SALES-AREA)
M
(CUSTOMER-NUMBER,
CUSTOMER-NAME, C U S T O M E R S A L E S
~&flEHp_u_s~-~u_M_s_ER)
(SALESPERSON-NUMBER,
CUSTOMER-NUMBER,
SALES AMOUNT)
(WAREHOUSE-NUMBER
WAREHOUSE-Lmb
CT 479

43. CUSTOMER (CLJSTQMER-N!!MB&R , CUSTOMER NAME, WAREHOLJSE-
NUMBER :I
WAREHOUSE ( WAREHQ!JSE:NYMBER , WAREHOUSE-LOCATION )
CT 479 195

44. Choose a relationkl
from the database
Join the relations
together
‘-L- /’ ,‘,’ /’.
/*
: ,
:;
ii Ill
Project columns
from the relation
Select rows
from the relation
Derive new attributes
Index or sort rows
Calculate totals
and performance
measures
Present data
196 CT 479

45. CUSTOMER
18830 A. Levy and Sons 3
19242 Ranier Company 3
18841 R. W. Flood Inc. 2
18899 Seward Systems ’ 2
i 9 5 6 5 Stodola’s Inc. 1
etc. t
WAREHOUSE
WAREHSUSE WAREHOUSE
N U M B E R L O C A T I O N I
4 F a r g o I
1 P l y m o u t h
etc. I IL ,
b--L--l~
‘TJCUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE-LOCATION
CT 479 197

46. S A L E S
SALE;;FEpN CUSTOMER S A L E S
N U M B E R AMOUNT
198
I 3462 I 18785 I 13540 I
3462 18830 10600
3462 19242 9700
QUOTA
3593 18641 11560
3593 18899 2590 AWARD LEVEL AMOUNT
3593 19565 8800 Certificate 9000
etc. M e d a l 12000
I S A L E S
SALESPERSQN CUSTOMER
N U M B E R N U M B E R
A$$;;T AWARD LEVEL- AMOUNT
3462 18765 13540 Certifmte 9000
I 3462 18765 / 13540 / Medal I I12000
3462 18830 10600 1 Certlflcate 9000
3462 18830 10600 M e d a l 12000
I 3462 19242 9700 / Certificate I 9000 I
3593 1 8 6 4 1 11560 Certificate 12000
etc.
.
CT 479

47. CUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE-LOCATION
CUSTOMER CUSTOMER WAREHOUSE WAREHOUSE
NUMBER NAME N U M B E R LOCATION
18765 Delta Systems 4 Farqo
1 18830 ) A. Levy and Sons / 3 1 Bismatck 1
19242 Ranw Company 1 3 1 Bismarck 1
1 8 8 4 1 R. W. Flood Inc.
18899 Seward Systems
19565 Stodola’s Inc.
2 SuperKx
2 Supervx
1 Plymouth
etc.
PROJECTION
CUSTOMER-LOCATION
CUSTOMER WAREHOUSE
NUMBER LOCATION
18765 F a r g o I
.
18841 Superior
I 18899 Superior
I 19565 Plymouth
CT 479

48. PERS’INNEL
NUMBER EMPLOYEE NAME DEPARTMENT S’H GROSS
72845 Waters Outside Sales S 48960
72888 Dryne
73712 Fawcett
Outside Sales S 37200
Distribution H 23500
80345 Well, Jr. Marketing S 65000
84672 Piper Maintenance H 20560
89760 Acqua Accountmg H 18755
etc. 1
liSELECTION
N U M B E R EMPLOYEE NAME DEPARTMENT S/H GROSS
72845 Waters Outside Sales S 48960
72888 Dryne Outside Sales S 37200
80345 Well, Jr. Marketing S 65000
etc.
200 CT 479

49. CUSTOMER-WAREHOUSE-LOCATION ( CUSTOMER-NUMBFiR ,
CUSTOMER-NAME, WAREHOUSE-NUMBER ) ,
WAREHOUSE - LOCATION
CT 479 201

50. Some examples:
GIRTH = 2 (WIDTti + HEIGHT)
+ LENGTH
IFGIRTH > 84 AND WEIGHT < 25
THEN SHIPPING WEIGHT = 25
ELSE SHIPPING WEIGHT = WEIGHT
‘$“;;;fj WIDTH HEIGHT LENGTH WEIGHT
5 0 4
68 1 0
94 25
6 2 1 8
80 40
90 25
45
88
202 CT 479

51. P E R S O N N E L
SORT
LJ+
N U M B E R EMPLOYEE NAME DEPARTMENT S/H GROSS
65760 Acquia Accounting H 18755 1
72868 Drylle Outside Sales S 37200
73712 Fawcett Distribution H 23500
84672 PIper Maintenance H 20560
72845 Waters Outside Sales S 48960
80345 Well, Jr. Marketing S 65000
CT 479 203

52. SHIPPING-WEIGHT
Some examples:
Total girth and shippit+, w?ngnt
Number of packages that weighed
less than 25 pounds but were
shipped at the 25 pound rate
Total number of packages shipped
Percentage of packages that weighed
less than 25 pounds but were
shipped at the 25 pound rate
L----d
l--?-i
204 CT479

53. CT 479 205

54. 206 CT 479

55. CT 479

56. 208 CT 479