3. The Spaniards Americo Castro, Salvador De Madariaga, and Ramon Menendez Pidal, were amazing Spaniards who conquer the Americas. The most influential of the ancient people to arrive were the Romans. The Roman empire weakened after the third century of the Christian era. Vandals controlled North Africa, Franks reigned supreme in France, and even Italy found itself occupied.
4. The Amerindians Native Americans were descended from Asian peoples, a notion based on physical characteristics. The first of the Pre- Columbian civilizations of the Americas developed in the lowlands of southern Vera Cruz and Tabasco. All pre-Columbian civilizations were all agriculture. There are two gigantic monuments they Pyramids of the Sun is the base larger than that of the Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt’s Giza Valley and the smaller pyramid of the Moon.
5. The Conquest of Mexico The conqueror of the Aztecs was Hernan Cortes. The Aztecs cultural accomplishments were extraordinary. The Spanish society saw the Indians as the “Hijos de Dios” or the sons of god. Mexicanos also have much in common with other people who occupy the lowest socioeconomic leves.
7. Spanish Exploration of the Frontier The first Europeans in the Far North, were not motivated by god. The men had incredible adventures, as Cabeza de Vaca’s memoirs graphically illustrate. In February 1540, Vasquez de Coronado set out from Compostela, in Nueva Galicia.
8. Settlement of New Mexico The entrada that led pemanent settlement of New Mexico occurred in the 1590’s. The fromidalble tasks of establishing the northern colonies. A string of small settlements, usually adjacent to Indian pueblos along the river.
9. Major Trends The settlement of the coastal region of Alta California a the end of the eighteenth century brought to an end the era of Spanish expansion in the north. Frontier was hard for both men and women If gender roles were blurred on the frontier, the same appears to be the case with social classes.
11. Mexican Independence In the New Spain, as in other parts of the empire, creoles were in the fore front of the revolutionary surge. In 1812, with victory against Napoleon’s army of occupation in sight. Mexico got its independence in 1821.
12. California California took no direct part whatsoever in the epic events that resulted in Mexican independence. Californios, some thirty-two hundred people by 1821 had no special feelings. By the 1840’s, with the gradual disappearance of the missions, the California economy came to be dominated by ranches.
13. New Mexico New Mexico experienced remarkable changes during the Mexican period. New Mexicans immediately after national independence changed politically. New Mexico became more convenient and comfortable for the life of Mexicans.
15. Gringos and Greasers Anti-Mexican attitudes during the second half of the nineteenth century were ubiquitous throughout the Southwest. Mexicans adopted and attitude that is perfectly understandable Relations between Mexicanos and Anglos, were an important theme in Mexican American history.
16. California The war conquest was written in 1966 by the historian Leonard Pitt. The failure of the pact to protect the state’s Mexicans population was even more egregious in regard to the question of land ownership Rancheros faced many difficulties in proving ownership.
17. Arizona The signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgos in 1848, left the Mexicans population of Arizona. Nowhere in the southwest did Anglos and Mexicans get along as well before. Economic power of the Hispanic Elite waned.
19. Motives for Mexican Immigration Mexicans have immigrated into the United States than any other single national group. Most Mexicans immigrants in 1900-1930 entered the U. S illegally. Labor needs in the country during the economic boom of the war and pwtwarperoids.
20. The Mexican Revolution Recent interpretations of the Mexicano experience in the U.S have tended to accentuate the problems encountered in the American society. The Porfriato had popular support in the beginning. The top priority of the new administration was to restore the power of the central government.
21. The Immigrant Driven out of Mexico and attracted to the Southwest for political, religious, economic, and a variety of reasons, thousands of immigrants emigrated. Biography of the immigrant during this momentous thirty-year period. Mexican migratory laborers like Jose Martinez and his family in the years before the Depression was not easy.
23. The Depression The Great Depression is generally dated form the collapse of the New York stock exhchange in October 1929. It was a global clash. It also lead Mexicanos in the Southwest in dire straits.
24. Urbanization Mexicans workers were force to go to the cities. Mexicans were impacted by the Depression in New Mexico The transformation of traditional Mexican culture was not as dramatic in other parts of the Southwest.
25. The Mexican Problem Nativist fears fed the growing perception of Mexicans as a problem in the 1920. The creation of a tourist industry in the Southwest was a turn in the 19th century. The so-called Mexican problem was a campaign in Washington.
27. Mexicans in the Military Mexicans served in the military as a need to be as a manhood. Many Mexicans served in the military as a social economic issues Many received good medals
28. Urbanization Chicano nationalist today tend to have a highly idealized picture of the Mexican Family. The pachuco gang came to know. It was known to be as baggy pants, highwaisted pants.
