Mass 150 Lecture 2 iso camera parts

MASS 150
Lecture Two

Film Speed (ISO)
1. Describes film’s sensitivity to light

Film Speed (ISO)
1. ASA/ISO/EI – what are they?
2. Common film speeds
25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200
Doubling effect: higher the number = less light needed for correct exposure

Film Speed (ISO)
1. Trade-offs in ISO’s
Slow speeds (25, 50, 100) need:
More light to capture correct exposure
Have inherently higher contrast
Less grain
Greatest image quality
25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200

Film Speed (ISO)
1. Trade-offs in ISO’s
Fast speeds (800, 1600, 3200) need:
Less light to capture correct exposure
Have inherently lower contrast
Much more grain, muddiness
Image quality suffers
25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200

Film Speed (ISO)
1. Slow speed ISO

Film Speed (ISO)
1. High speed ISO

Camera Controls
Camera Mechanics and Exposure
“Photography is about finding out what can happen in the frame. When you put four edges around some facts, you change those facts. The frame creates a world and photography is about (that) world.”
- Garry Winogrand

How the camera sees and how you see
Photography= “Writing with light”
Lenses move optics forward and back to bring subjects into focus.
The aperture (F-stop) controls the quantity of light entering camera.
The shutter controls the length of time light hits the film/sensor.
The viewfinder - through a series of mirrors, the subject is projected to your eye.
With an SLR, can you see the image when you take a picture?

Manual Camera

Automatic Camera (most like your digital)

Camera controls
Main parts
A. Body
B. Viewfinder
C. Shutter release button
D. Hot shoe
E. Shutter speed dial
F. ISO setting
G. Mirror
H. Prism
I. Shutter
J. Viewing screen
K. Metering cell
L. Lens (lens elements)
M. Aperture (aperture ring)
N. Focusing ring

Auto vs. manual settings
1. Auto
Shutter priority
Aperture priority
Programmable
Manual

The ingredients of exposure

1) Aperture = F-stop
- What does the aperture control?

2) Shutter speed determines the “length of time” or duration that light hits the sensor

3) Film sensitivity (ISO)

3) Film sensitivity (ISO)
4) Do we see objects or the do we see the light bouncing off of objects?

Ingredient #1 – Aperture (f/stops)
Aperture = QUANTITY or intensity (of light)
Each setting is “1 stop” from its neighbor
1 stop = (if moving to lower numbers) double the quantity of light
1 stop = (if moving to higher numbers) halves the quantity of light
Most new lens (especially digital) don’t display on lens but on LCD panel

Ingredient #1 – Aperture (f/stops)
1. What is it?
Acts like the pupil of your eye
Standard set of apertures (f/stops)
f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22 f/32

Ingredient #2– Shutter speeds
1. What are they?
Controls duration that light strikes the sensor
Standard set of shutter speeds
2 1 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500 1000 2000

Ingredient #2– Shutter speeds
1. Slow vs. fast
Shutter speed = TIME
Sometimes referred to as whole numbers, “60” means 1/60 of a second
Each setting is “1 stop” from its neighbor
1 stop = (if moving to lower numbers) double the quantity of light
1 stop = (if moving to higher numbers) halves the quantity of light
Most new cameras display in LCD panel

Ingredient #3– Film Speed (ISO)
1. ISO’s = 25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200

Ingredient #4– Amount of light

Mass 150 Lecture 2 iso camera parts

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