Chapter 6
Graphing Functions

Section 6-1
Distance in the Coordinate Plane

Essential Questions
How do you use the distance formula to find the distance
between two points?
How do you use the midpoint formula?
Where you’ll see this:
Geography, market research, community service,
architecture

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane:
2. Quadrants:
3. x-axis:
4. y-axis:
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other
2. Quadrants:
3. x-axis:
4. y-axis:
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants:
3. x-axis:
4. y-axis:
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants: Four areas created by the coordinate plane
3. x-axis:
4. y-axis:
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants: Four areas created by the coordinate plane
3. x-axis: The horizontal axis on the coordinate plane
4. y-axis:
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants: Four areas created by the coordinate plane
3. x-axis: The horizontal axis on the coordinate plane
4. y-axis: The vertical axis on the coordinate plane
5. Ordered Pairs:
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants: Four areas created by the coordinate plane
3. x-axis: The horizontal axis on the coordinate plane
4. y-axis: The vertical axis on the coordinate plane
5. Ordered Pairs: Give us points in the form (x, y)
6. Origin:

Vocabulary
1. Coordinate Plane: Two number lines drawn perpendicular to each
other; used for graphing points
2. Quadrants: Four areas created by the coordinate plane
3. x-axis: The horizontal axis on the coordinate plane
4. y-axis: The vertical axis on the coordinate plane
5. Ordered Pairs: Give us points in the form (x, y)
6. Origin: The point (0, 0), which is where the x-axis and y-axis meet

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
A

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
D C
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
D C
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
D C
AB = 4 −(−2)
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
D C
AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
D C
AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2)
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2 = 7
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2 = 7 = 7
A B

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2 = 7 = 7
A B Area = lw

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2 = 7 = 7
A B Area = lw = 6(7)

Example 1
The vertices of rectangle ABCD are as follows: A = (-2, -2),
B = (4, -2), C = (4, 5), and D = (-2, 5). Find the area of ABCD.
C
D AB = 4 −(−2) = 4 + 2 = 6 = 6
AD = 5−(−2) = 5+ 2 = 7 = 7
A B Area = lw = 6(7) = 42 square units

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c
2
16+16 = c

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c
2
16+16 = c
2
32 = c

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c
2
16+16 = c
2
32 = c
2
c = ± 32

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c
2
16+16 = c
2
32 = c
2
c = ± 32
c = 32

Example 2
Find the distance between the points (0, 4) and (4, 0).
2 2 2
a +b =c
2 2
2
0−4 + 4−0 = c
2 2 2
4 +4 = c
2
16+16 = c
2
32 = c
2
c = ± 32
c = 32 units

Distance Formula:
Midpoint Formula:

Distance Formula: d = (x1 − x2 )2 +( y1 − y2 )2 , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
Midpoint Formula:

Distance Formula: d = (x1 − x2 )2 +( y1 − y2 )2 , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
This is nothing more than the Pythagorean Formula solved for c.
Midpoint Formula:

Distance Formula: d = (x1 − x2 )2 +( y1 − y2 )2 , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
This is nothing more than the Pythagorean Formula solved for c.
 x1 + x2 y1 + y2 
Midpoint Formula: M =  ,  , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
 2 2 

Distance Formula: d = (x1 − x2 )2 +( y1 − y2 )2 , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
This is nothing more than the Pythagorean Formula solved for c.
 x1 + x2 y1 + y2 
Midpoint Formula: M =  ,  , for points (x1 , y1 ),(x2 , y2 )
 2 2 
This is nothing more than averaging the x and y coordinates.

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A
B

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A
B
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
a. What kind of quadrilateral does ABCD appear to be?
A This quadrilateral appears
B to be a parallelogram
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2)
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
CD = (−2 −5)2 +(−1−1)2
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
2 2 2 2
CD = (−2 −5) +(−1−1) = (−7) +(−2)
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
2 2 2 2
CD = (−2 −5) +(−1−1) = (−7) +(−2)
C
= 49+ 4

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
2 2 2 2
CD = (−2 −5) +(−1−1) = (−7) +(−2)
C
= 49+ 4 = 53

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
AB = (2 −(−5)) +(4 − 2) = (7) +(2)
A
B = 49+ 4 = 53 units
D
2 2 2 2
CD = (−2 −5) +(−1−1) = (−7) +(−2)
C
= 49+ 4 = 53 units

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1))
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1)
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2 2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1) = (−3) +(3)
C

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2 2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1) = (−3) +(3)
C
= 9+ 9

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2 2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1) = (−3) +(3)
C
= 9+ 9 = 18

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2 2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1) = (−3) +(3)
C
= 9+ 9 = 18 units

Example 3
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A = (2, 4), B = (-5, 2),
C = (-2, -1), and D = (5, 1).
b. Use distances to justify your guess.
2 2 2 2
BC = (−5−(−2)) +(2 −(−1)) = (−3) +(3)
A
B = 9+ 9 = 18 units
D
2 2 2 2
AD = (2 −5) +(4 −1) = (−3) +(3)
C
= 9+ 9 = 18 units
It is a parallelogram, as
opposite sides are equal.

Homework

Homework
p. 246 #1-33 odd, 18, 34, 36
“If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”
- Isaac Newton