Inclusive Social Tagging A Paradigm for Tagging-Services in the Knowledge Society Michael Derntl, Thorsten Hampel, Renate Motschnig, Tom Pitner Universities of Vienna, Paderborn, and Brno [email_address] WSKS 2008 September 25, 2008 – Athens, Greece

Overview Semantic data organization and tagging Inclusive Universal Access and social tagging  Inclusive Social Tagging Analysis of current Web 2.0 services

Semantic data organization and tagging

Inclusive Universal Access and social tagging  Inclusive Social Tagging

Analysis of current Web 2.0 services

Tagging

Tagging Bringing order to things – organize, search, find Object tag

Bringing order to things – organize, search, find

Social tagging, folksonomy … … … “ tag cloud”

Data organization metadata initiatives coordinated metadata repositories & registries domain ontology taxonomy thesaurus conceptual meta-model logic theory for domain semantics social tagging categories stereotypes formal metadata, standards initial fully developed informal formal weak semantics strong semantics development structured

Universal accessibility A product or service is universally accessible, if it can be used by persons regardless of their capabilities, skills, and characteristics.  high quality of interaction; availability to anywhere, anytime; Life cycle -- requirements, analysis, design (recent) Inclusive Universal Access extension with non technology aspects Inclusion : all people on all levels (intellectual, social, personal…); user involvement in all product/service lifecycle phases Adaptability : usage scenarios flexible to adapt to user requirements, behavior, … Usability : use case focused, smooth experience; guidelines compliance (eg WCAG), privacy, security, reliability

A product or service is universally accessible, if it can be used by persons regardless of their capabilities, skills, and characteristics.

 high quality of interaction; availability to anywhere, anytime; Life cycle -- requirements, analysis, design (recent)

Inclusive Universal Access extension with non technology aspects

Inclusion : all people on all levels (intellectual, social, personal…); user involvement in all product/service lifecycle phases

Adaptability : usage scenarios flexible to adapt to user requirements, behavior, …

Usability : use case focused, smooth experience; guidelines compliance (eg WCAG), privacy, security, reliability

Metadata vs. social tagging Inclusiveness: Not inclusive Entry barriers Inclusive Inclusive All potential users (usually registration required) Important use case for all users No restrictions on tag number / meaning Decentral cooperation and coordination Social tagging All potential users Typical: strict guidelines and rules, Assumptions about the domain Effort required by first-time users. Restricted to a closed circle of persons, committees, and organizations Metadata Inclusiveness of usage Inclusiveness of creation

Inclusiveness:

All potential users (usually registration required)

Important use case for all users

No restrictions on tag number / meaning

Decentral cooperation and coordination

All potential users

Typical: strict guidelines and rules,

Assumptions about the domain

Effort required by first-time users.

Restricted to a closed circle of persons, committees, and organizations

Metadata vs. social tagging Adaptability: Provider effort User effort Adaptable Adaptable Easy adding, editing, retrieval, querying Sometimes restricted to creator Core element of social tagging No restricted dictionary Extension and adaptation are “natural” use cases Social tagging Constrained by rules and guidelines Requires research on extension mechanisms Can be adapted to changing requirements Effort may be significant (bureaucratic control mechanisms) Might break existing applications Metadata Adaptability of usage Adaptability of creation

Adaptability:

Easy adding, editing, retrieval, querying

Sometimes restricted to creator

Core element of social tagging

No restricted dictionary

Extension and adaptation are “natural” use cases

Constrained by rules and guidelines

Requires research on extension mechanisms

Can be adapted to changing requirements

Effort may be significant (bureaucratic control mechanisms)

Might break existing applications

Metadata vs. social tagging Usability: Depends on tools Depends on tools Depends on tools High usability Most important use case  particular caution for usability in tagging services Mostly implemented as Web 2.0 services resembling desktop experience Enabled through provided software service Conceptually simple task, however dependent on software quality Social tagging Depends heavily on quality of tools and documentation provided. Assumptions, rules and restrictions in the underlying domain model Metadata Usability of usage Usability of creation

Usability:

Most important use case  particular caution for usability in tagging services

Mostly implemented as Web 2.0 services resembling desktop experience

Enabled through provided software service

Conceptually simple task, however dependent on software quality

Depends heavily on quality of tools and documentation provided.

Assumptions, rules and restrictions in the underlying domain model

Principles of IST Decentral responsibility, Active participation, Interpersonal exchange, Person centeredness, Universal accessibility Depends on tools Not inclusive Entry barriers Provider effort User effort Depends on tools Inclusive Adaptable High usability

Decentral responsibility,

Active participation,

Interpersonal exchange,

Person centeredness,

Universal accessibility

Analysis of Web 2.0 Services Inclusion: client devices Desktop PC PDA Glofiish X800 w/ Opera Mini Mobile SonyEricsson K700i w/ Java, Opera Mini read only OK Wikidot.com OK display & fct problems OK SlideShare OK, some display problems OK MySpace OK, simple UI OK Google Docs no OK GMail + GTalk read only OK Flickr OK, display problems OK Blogger read only OK Backpack no Flash req’d Adobe Share Mobile PDA Desktop

Inclusion: client devices

Desktop PC

PDA Glofiish X800 w/ Opera Mini

Mobile SonyEricsson K700i w/ Java, Opera Mini

Analysis of Web 2.0 Services Adaptability: adapting to user requirements, extensibility, integration-ready forbidden limited -- Wikidot.com human-like only forbidden REST SlideShare forbidden w/ permission -- MySpace forbidden w/ permission GData Google Docs forbidden forbidden POP/SMTP/IMAP, XMPP GMail/GTalk ok w/ permission REST, XML RPC, SOAP Flickr unspecified forbidden GData Blogger unspecified w/ permission XML Backpack unspecified forbidden REST Adobe Share GUI automation GUI integration Official API

Adaptability: adapting to user requirements, extensibility, integration-ready

Analysis of Web 2.0 Services Usability: easy-to-use, intuitive; also: security, privacy, reliability all all private, public all private all all shared within group private, shared Private / public / shared -- tag, category Wikidot.com -- tag, topic, annotation SlideShare -- tag, category, rating MySpace SSL folder, star Google Docs SSL label, star GMail/GTalk -- tag, note Flickr SSL label, rating, stars Blogger SSL tag Backpack -- -- Adobe Share Security Concepts

Usability: easy-to-use, intuitive; also: security, privacy, reliability

Conclusions Tagging: organizing things on the Web more inclusiveness, adaptability, and usability than metadata broad take-up Inclusive Social Tagging main factors: inclusion, adaptability, usability understanding socio-technical dimensions currently underdeveloped in popular services guidance for further improvement

Tagging:

organizing things on the Web

more inclusiveness, adaptability, and usability than metadata

broad take-up

Inclusive Social Tagging

main factors: inclusion, adaptability, usability

understanding socio-technical dimensions

currently underdeveloped in popular services

guidance for further improvement