ppt tema niveles organizacion seres vivos

1. The human bodyThe human body
organizationorganization

2. What is the difference between living
and non living things?

3. All living things
carry out 3 functions
Interaction ReproductionNutrition

4. What are the levels of organization ofWhat are the levels of organization of
matter?matter?
1.1. Subatomic levelSubatomic level
2.2. Atomic levelAtomic level
3.3. Molecular levelMolecular level
4.4. Cellular levelCellular level
5.5. Tissue levelTissue level
6.6. Organ levelOrgan level
7.7. System and apparatus levelSystem and apparatus level
8.8. Organism levelOrganism level

5.  What is a cell?What is a cell?
 The cell is the functional basic unitThe cell is the functional basic unit
of life which carries out the 3 vitalof life which carries out the 3 vital
functions:functions:
 NutritionNutrition
 InteractionInteraction
 ReproductionReproduction
 Are all the living things made upAre all the living things made up
of cells?of cells?

6. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS

7. THE CELL
All living things are made up of
one or more cells

8. How many cells do you think you have now?
You started as one cell, then 2, 4…..

9. S XVII Robert HookeS XVII Robert Hooke

10.  Hooke observed cork layers.Hooke observed cork layers.
 His microscope had 50 magnificationsHis microscope had 50 magnifications
(aumentos)(aumentos)

11. Anton Van LeeuwenhoekAnton Van Leeuwenhoek

12. What types of cells do you know?What types of cells do you know?
 PROKARYOTIC CELLSPROKARYOTIC CELLS
 EUKARYOTIC CELLSEUKARYOTIC CELLS
 Animal cellsAnimal cells
 Plant cellsPlant cells
 What is the main differenceWhat is the main difference
between Prokaryotic andbetween Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic cells?Eukaryotic cells?

13. Parts of a Eukaryotic animal cellParts of a Eukaryotic animal cell

14. The 3 main parts:The 3 main parts:
 Plasmatic or cell membrane.Plasmatic or cell membrane. Covers the cell.Covers the cell.
Controls what goes in and out of the cell.Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
 CytoplasmCytoplasm. It houses all the organelles. It´s a. It houses all the organelles. It´s a
jelly-like substance.jelly-like substance.
 NucleusNucleus. Contains the genetic information,. Contains the genetic information,
controls the activity of the cells.controls the activity of the cells.

15. Points of the cellular theoryPoints of the cellular theory
 XIX century.XIX century.
 Authors: Matthias Schleiden (botanist) andAuthors: Matthias Schleiden (botanist) and
Theodor Schwann (zoologist)Theodor Schwann (zoologist)
 All living things are made up of cells.All living things are made up of cells.
 The cell is the functional and structural unit ofThe cell is the functional and structural unit of
all living thingsall living things
 All cells come from pre-existing cells by divisionAll cells come from pre-existing cells by division
 Cells contain hereditary information which isCells contain hereditary information which is
passed from cell to cell during cell division.passed from cell to cell during cell division.

22.  Animations cells, levels of organizationAnimations cells, levels of organization
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biologyhttp://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology
/pc/learningsteps/CAFLC/launch.html/pc/learningsteps/CAFLC/launch.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biologyhttp://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology
/pc/learningsteps/OLTLC/launch.html/pc/learningsteps/OLTLC/launch.html
 Video cell´s discoveryVideo cell´s discovery
 Video introduction to cellsVideo introduction to cells

24. Plasmatic or cell membranePlasmatic or cell membrane
 Covers the cellCovers the cell
 Protects itProtects it
 Controls what goes in and what goes out of theControls what goes in and what goes out of the
cell.cell.

25. The cell membrane is made up of
two types of molecules: proteins and lipids

26. What else can we find in a cell?What else can we find in a cell?

27. Parts of a Eukaryotic animal cellParts of a Eukaryotic animal cell

28.  The cytoplasmThe cytoplasm
 It is a jelly-like substance inside the cell.It is a jelly-like substance inside the cell.
 It contains organelles. And proteins that formIt contains organelles. And proteins that form
the cytoskeleton.the cytoskeleton.
 The nucleusThe nucleus
 It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
 It contains the DNA, the genetic material.It contains the DNA, the genetic material.
 It controls all the cell function´s.It controls all the cell function´s.

30. The main organelles are:The main organelles are:
 MithocondriaMithocondria
 Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)
 Golgi bodyGolgi body
 CentriolesCentrioles
 VacuolesVacuoles
 RibosomesRibosomes
 LysosomesLysosomes
 CytoskeletonCytoskeleton

32. Proteínas y
lípidos

34. Es un centro de
empaquetamiento responsable
del transporte seguro de los
compuestos sintetizados hacia
el exterior de la célula.

41. Centrosoma: centriolos

45.  http://www.neok12.com Quiz repaso células yhttp://www.neok12.com Quiz repaso células y
orgánulos.orgánulos.

46. Vídeo resumen sobre tejidosVídeo resumen sobre tejidos

47. TISSUE LEVELTISSUE LEVEL
 What is a tissue?What is a tissue?
 What types of tissue can weWhat types of tissue can we
find in our body?find in our body?

49. Which are the 4 types of tissue?Which are the 4 types of tissue?
1.1. Epithelial tissueEpithelial tissue
2.2. Connective tissueConnective tissue
3.3. Muscle tissueMuscle tissue
4.4. Nerve or nervous tissueNerve or nervous tissue

50. Epithelial tissue. Two typesEpithelial tissue. Two types
 Covering epithelial tissue.Covering epithelial tissue.
 Glandular epithelium..Glandular epithelium..

51. 1- Covering EPITHELIAL1- Covering EPITHELIAL
TISSUETISSUE
Your skin is
composed of
epithelial tissue,
and epithelial
tissue also lines
your body cavities
and major organs.

52. 1.1-Covering epithelial tissue1.1-Covering epithelial tissue..
Where can we find it?Where can we find it?
 EpidermisEpidermis. The outer layer of the skin.. The outer layer of the skin.
 MucosaeMucosae. Covering the pharynx, mouth,. Covering the pharynx, mouth,
esophagus, respiratory tract…esophagus, respiratory tract…
 Covering the inside part of the blood vessels.Covering the inside part of the blood vessels.

53. 1.2-1.2- GLANDULAR EPITHELIUMGLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
 It´s the tissue that forms the glandsIt´s the tissue that forms the glands
 What are glands? Do you know anyWhat are glands? Do you know any
examples?examples?
 Glands secrete substancesGlands secrete substances
 There are 3 types of glands:There are 3 types of glands:
 Exocrine glandsExocrine glands
 Endocrine glandsEndocrine glands
 Mixed glandsMixed glands

54. 1-Exocrine glands1-Exocrine glands
 Salivary glandsSalivary glands
 Sweat glandsSweat glands
 Lacrimal glandsLacrimal glands
 LiverLiver

55.  2-Endocrine glands2-Endocrine glands
Secretion of
substances that
are internally
used by the body,
e.g hormones.
-Hormones travel
through the
blood.

56. HORMONESHORMONES
 AdrenalineAdrenaline is secreted byis secreted by
the suprarrenal glands.the suprarrenal glands.
 Strong emotionsStrong emotions such assuch as
fear or angerfear or anger cause it to because it to be
released into thereleased into the
bloodstream.bloodstream.
 It causes an increase inIt causes an increase in
heart rate, muscle strength,heart rate, muscle strength,
blood pressure, and sugarblood pressure, and sugar
metabolism. metabolism.

57. 3- Mixed glands3- Mixed glands
 They can work both as endocrine or exocrineThey can work both as endocrine or exocrine
glands.glands.
 Example:Example: PancreasPancreas
 AsAs endocrine glandendocrine gland it produces:it produces:
 INSULINEINSULINE
 As exocrine gland it produces:As exocrine gland it produces:
 PANCREATIC JUICEPANCREATIC JUICE

58.  3- Mixed glands3- Mixed glands

59. 2- CONNECTIVE TISSUE2- CONNECTIVE TISSUE
It supports the body and connectsIt supports the body and connects
together all types of tissue.together all types of tissue.
2.1- Conjunctive tissue2.1- Conjunctive tissue
 Tendons (join the musclesTendons (join the muscles
to the bones)to the bones)
 LigamentsLigaments

63. 2.2Addipose tissue2.2Addipose tissue
 Why is it neccesary?Why is it neccesary?

64. 2.2-2.2- Addipose tissueAddipose tissue
It stores fat, protects organs and
provides termic isolation

65. 2.3-2.3- Cartilage tissueCartilage tissue

66. Cartilage tissueCartilage tissue
 EarsEars
 TracheaTrachea
 NoseNose

67. 2.4-2.4- Bone tissueBone tissue
The major structural
and supportive
connective tissue of
the body

69. 2.5 Blood tissue2.5 Blood tissue
 Blood components?Blood components?

71. 2.5-2.5- Blood tissueBlood tissue
It consists
of blood
plasma,
and cell
elements,
blood cells.

72. 3- MUSCLE TISSUE3- MUSCLE TISSUE
 Muscles can be divided into threeMuscles can be divided into three
main groups according to theirmain groups according to their
structure, e.g.:structure, e.g.:
 Smooth muscle tissue.Smooth muscle tissue.
( Tejido muscular liso)( Tejido muscular liso)
 Skeletal muscle tissue.Skeletal muscle tissue.
(Tejido muscular estriado)(Tejido muscular estriado)
 Cardiac (heart) muscle tissue.Cardiac (heart) muscle tissue.
(Tejido muscular cardíaco)(Tejido muscular cardíaco)

74. Where can we find?Where can we find?
 Smooth muscle tissue.Smooth muscle tissue.
 Dygestive tube wall, blood vesselDygestive tube wall, blood vessel
walls.walls.
 Skeletal muscle tissue:Skeletal muscle tissue:
 Skeletal muscles (they move bones)Skeletal muscles (they move bones)
 Cardiac muscle tissue:Cardiac muscle tissue:
 HeartHeart

75. There are
microfilaments
composed of actin
and myosin, which
are contractile
proteins.

76. 4- NERVOUS TISSUE4- NERVOUS TISSUE
It detects stimuli, integrates
information and elaborates responses

77. NeuronsNeurons

79.  A neuron consists of two major parts:A neuron consists of two major parts:
1.1. Cell BodyCell Body. It contains the neuron's nucleus,. It contains the neuron's nucleus,
associated cytoplasm, and other organelles.associated cytoplasm, and other organelles.
2.2. "finger-like" projections from the cell body"finger-like" projections from the cell body
that are able to conduct and transmit signals.that are able to conduct and transmit signals.
There are two types:There are two types:
 AxonsAxons - carry signals away from the cell body.- carry signals away from the cell body.
 DendritesDendrites - typically carry signals towards the- typically carry signals towards the
cell body.cell body.

83.  Quiz types of tissues www.neok12.comQuiz types of tissues www.neok12.com

84. What is an organ?What is an organ?
Different tissuess form organs

87.  Go to PPT SystemsGo to PPT Systems

88.  Vídeo Function of the different organ systemsVídeo Function of the different organ systems
Video cells, organellesVideo cells, organelles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=o1GQyciJaTAv=o1GQyciJaTA