1. Natural stone materials
Materiales pétreos naturales
Natural stones are
extracted from quarries
manually or using
explosives. To be used in
Construction, the piece
must be carved to
the size and
desired shape.
Segovia's
Aqueduct is
made from
granite and
bronze
2. Magmatic stones
Rocas magmáticas
Magmatic rocks are formed through the cooling and
solidification of magma or lava
There are two types of magmatic stones: intrusive and
extrusive
Intrusive
They're stones that are formed slowly in big masses of
magma
Extrusive
They are formed when the magma flown to open air and
solidify quickly
3. INTRUSIVE :
Made from granite:
Machu Picchu
Peru
EXTRUSIVE :
Made from black basalt:
“Marqués de Casa Torre” Palace
Igea, La Rioja, Spain.
4. Sedimentary stones
(Rocas sedimentarias)
They are generated by accumulation of fragments of other
stones.
•Sand (arena): used for making mortar.
•Gravel (grava) used for making concrete.
•Clay (arcilla): for making bricks and cement.
•By crystallization and accumulation of substances of organic
rests: limestone (piedra caliza) to make the walls
5. Metamorphic stones
(Rocas metamórficas)
Is a mixing of sedimentary stones and magmatic stones. There
are two groups:
Slate (Pizarra): Its colour is grey or black, it is not very hard, it is
waterproof and have a good resistance to compression and to
the flexure.
Marble (Mármol): marble has a texture flatten and crystalline ,
with spots, ripple and different colours. It has good resistance
to compression.
6. SLATE
The roof is made from
slate (HORREO).
MARBLE
The tower of Pisa is
making from white
marble.
