6.3 – 6.4 Acids & Bases Pages 199 - 212

Goal 1 Compare and contrast the characteristics of acids and bases

Acids 1. Taste sour

Acids

1. Taste sour

Kool-aid pickles!!

2. Donates Hydrogen ions H + 3. Forms Hydronium ions H 3 O + Products of a chemical reaction will show H 3 O

2. Donates Hydrogen ions H +

3. Forms Hydronium ions H 3 O +

Products of a chemical reaction will show H 3 O

Products of a chemical reaction will show H 3 O HCl + H 2 O  H 3 O + + Cl -

Products of a chemical reaction will show H 3 O

HCl + H 2 O  H 3 O + + Cl -

4. Turns Blue litmus paper to RED

4. Turns Blue litmus paper

to RED

5. It Burns skin and tissue

5. It Burns skin and tissue

6. Conducts electricity

6. Conducts electricity

Want to see something cool? Copy this link to your browser http://pickle.xr.ca/

Want to see something cool?

Copy this link to your browser

http://pickle.xr.ca/

7. Crystalline Solid

7. Crystalline Solid

Examples Battery acid Stomach acid

Examples

Bases 1. Tastes Bitter

Bases

1. Tastes Bitter

2. Hydroxide ions OH - KOH  K + + OH - NH 3 + H 2 O  NH 4 + + OH -

2. Hydroxide ions OH -

3. Turns Red litmus paper to BLUE

3. Turns Red litmus paper

to BLUE

4. Corrosive (feels slippery)

4. Corrosive (feels slippery)

5. Can also conduct electricity

5. Can also conduct electricity

Examples Sodium hydroxide pellets

Examples

Sodium hydroxide pellets

Goal 2 Relate the pH value to the concentration and strength of a dissolved acid or base

pH measures hydronium ions (H 3 O + )

pH measures hydronium ions (H 3 O + )

Comparative concentrations A lot A little 14 = = 7 A little A lot 0 Hydroxide ions (base) Hydronium ions (acid)

Comparative concentrations

Concentration changes by powers of 10 pH =1 has 10x more than pH = 2 pH = 1 has 100x more than pH = 3 More  Less 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Concentration changes by powers of 10

pH =1 has 10x more than pH = 2

pH = 1 has 100x more than pH = 3

More  Less

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Goal 3 Identify the products of neutralization reactions

Acid + Base  water H 3 O + + OH -  H 2 O

Acid + Base  water

H 3 O + + OH -  H 2 O

Acid + Base  water + salt H 3 O + + Cl - + Na + + OH -  2 H 2 O + Na + + Cl -

Acid + Base  water + salt

H 3 O + + Cl - + Na + + OH -  2 H 2 O + Na + + Cl -

H 3 O + + Cl - + Al + + OH -  ___ + ___ + __

H 3 O + + Cl - + Al + + OH -  ___ + ___ + __

H 3 O + + Cl - + Na + + OH -  2 H 2 O + Al + + Cl -

H 3 O + + Cl - + Na + + OH -  2 H 2 O + Al + + Cl -

KOH + HNO 3  ___+ ___+___

KOH + HNO 3  ___+ ___+___

KOH + HNO 3  H 2 O + K + + NO 3 - Is it balanced?

KOH + HNO 3  H 2 O + K + + NO 3 -

Is it balanced?

Must have = amounts of hydronium and hydroxide ions to completely neutralize

Must have = amounts of

hydronium and hydroxide ions

to completely neutralize

Goal 4 Explain how common acidic and basic household substances work

Soap = basic surrounds oily substances allows emulsion in water Whisked away!

Soap = basic

surrounds oily substances

allows emulsion in water

Whisked away!

Detergents = basic lather in hard water do not form soap scum

Detergents = basic

lather in hard water

do not form soap scum

Ammonia = basic emulsifies oil whisked away!

Ammonia = basic

emulsifies oil

whisked away!

Bleach = basic Disinfectant kill bacteria & viruses

Bleach = basic

Disinfectant

kill bacteria & viruses

Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the creative commons of Flickr: Progoddess…I love lemon & peppermint Frotzed2… gave your kid a lemon  Bunchofpants… pickle on a fork Brad Lauster… Big Papa G.J. Charlet III… hey kool-aid! Interplast… acid burn Duchamp… electric pickle Deanj… Old ray-o-vacs Wallyg… Homer!! Jemsweb… walnut Greg McElhatton… unsweetened chocolate Santoslilhelper… slippery when wet

Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the creative commons of Flickr:

Progoddess…I love lemon & peppermint

Frotzed2… gave your kid a lemon 

Bunchofpants… pickle on a fork

Brad Lauster… Big Papa

G.J. Charlet III… hey kool-aid!

Interplast… acid burn

Duchamp… electric pickle

Deanj… Old ray-o-vacs

Wallyg… Homer!!

Jemsweb… walnut

Greg McElhatton… unsweetened chocolate

Santoslilhelper… slippery when wet

Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the creative commons of Wikipedia: Walkerma… sodium hydroxide pellets

Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the creative commons of Wikipedia:

Walkerma… sodium hydroxide pellets