Learning Objectives: To understand that manufacturing industry can be categorised into 3 divisions To classify characteristics of the 3 divisions of manufacturing industry

Learning Objectives:

To understand that manufacturing industry can be categorised into 3 divisions

To classify characteristics of the 3 divisions of manufacturing industry

Types of Secondary (Manufacturing) Industry Secondary (manufacturing) industries make goods from raw material and/or assemble parts made by other companies. Manufacturing industry can be divided into 3 divisions: Heavy Light High-tech

Secondary (manufacturing) industries make goods from raw material and/or assemble parts made by other companies.

Manufacturing industry can be divided into 3 divisions:

Heavy

Light

High-tech

Heavy Industry Perform a variety of roles. For example, they may: Refine minerals such as crude oil, into many different products Smelt metals such as iron ore, into steel The works usually cover a large area of land; pollution from their chimneys may be obvious many kilometres away. They do not add to the scenic beauty of the landscape, but they are necessary because they provide the materials many light industries use for consumer goods.

Heavy Industry

Perform a variety of roles. For example, they may:

Refine minerals such as crude oil, into many different products

Smelt metals such as iron ore, into steel

The works usually cover a large area of land; pollution from their chimneys may be obvious many kilometres away.

They do not add to the scenic beauty of the landscape, but they are necessary because they provide the materials many light industries use for consumer goods.

Light and High-tech Industries They are combined under one heading – footloose industries. The term footloose refers to their greater freedom to choose a location compared with heavy industries. This freedom comes from having low raw material demands and the need only for small factories, which means that suitable sites are widely available Final products are high in value and low in weight, can be easily distributed by road. New factories have pleasant locations on the rural-urban fringe surrounded by green areas.

Heavy Light High-tech

Involved in the making of goods from raw materials Large-scale industry Small-scale industry Make small products, mainly to be brought by individuals Make high-value products using modern technology Large factories/plants covering large areas of land Small-scale factory units on industrial estates Housed in small units on business parks Heavy capital investment needed Investment required for research and development Only a limited amount of capital investment is required. Make large products often brought by other manufacturing companies Examples include steel, oil-refining, chemicals, engineering and ship building Examples include electrical goods, clothing, food-processing and toys Examples include computers, business systems, microprocessors and communications equipment Produces high levels of pollution Their appearance spoils the landscape Also known as footloose industries Majority of finished products are transported by road. Locate on the rural-urban fringe.

Involved in the making of goods from raw materials

Large-scale industry

Small-scale industry

Make small products, mainly to be brought by individuals

Make high-value products using modern technology

Large factories/plants covering large areas of land

Small-scale factory units on industrial estates

Housed in small units on business parks

Heavy capital investment needed

Investment required for research and development

Only a limited amount of capital investment is required.

Make large products often brought by other manufacturing companies

Examples include steel, oil-refining, chemicals, engineering and ship building

Examples include electrical goods, clothing, food-processing and toys

Examples include computers, business systems, microprocessors and communications equipment

Produces high levels of pollution

Their appearance spoils the landscape

Also known as footloose industries

Majority of finished products are transported by road.

Locate on the rural-urban fringe.