BAROQUE ART Revision

Cronology and geography From the end of 16th century until 1750. Geography: whole Europe+ America. Characteristics of the period: Religious and political conflicts Geographical colonization Scientific development New astrological discoveries  Sun centre of Universe

From the end of 16th century until 1750.

Geography: whole Europe+ America.

Characteristics of the period:

Religious and political conflicts

Geographical colonization

Scientific development

New astrological discoveries  Sun centre of Universe

Baroque Style The word means imperfection New naturalism that reflects the scientific advances Taste for dramatic action and emotion: Colour and light contrasted Rich textures Asymmetrical spaces Diagonal plans New subjects: landscape, genre, still-life

The word means imperfection

New naturalism that reflects the scientific advances

Taste for dramatic action and emotion:

Colour and light contrasted

Rich textures

Asymmetrical spaces

Diagonal plans

New subjects: landscape, genre, still-life

Baroque Style Variety within the style Art at the service of power Two main centres: Rome: Pope’s authority France: powerful monarchy Influence of the Counter-Reform Worry about plastic values

Variety within the style

Art at the service of power

Two main centres:

Rome: Pope’s authority

France: powerful monarchy

Influence of the Counter-Reform

Worry about plastic values

Architecture: Characteristics Long narrow naves replaced by broader or circular forms Dramatic use of light Opulent use of ornaments Large-scale ceiling frescoes External façade with dramatic central projection Interior a shell for painting and sculpture Illusory effects Onion domes in Eastern Europe

Long narrow naves replaced by broader or circular forms

Dramatic use of light

Opulent use of ornaments

Large-scale ceiling frescoes

External façade with dramatic central projection

Interior a shell for painting and sculpture

Illusory effects

Onion domes in Eastern Europe

Architecture: Italy They evolved from the Renaissance forms Movement toward grand structures with flowing, curving shapes Landscape was frequently incorporated New elements as gardens, squares , courtyards and fountains. Influence of the rebuilding of Saint Peter, in which classical forms integrated with the city.

They evolved from the Renaissance forms

Movement toward grand structures with flowing, curving shapes

Landscape was frequently incorporated

New elements as gardens, squares , courtyards and fountains.

Influence of the rebuilding of Saint Peter, in which classical forms integrated with the city.

Architecture: Italy Maderno He made the Vatican’s façade His work destroyed partially Michelangelo’s design His work combined the dome with the creation of an space where the Pope could appear publicaly Other works: Santa maria della Vittoria Palazzo Barberini

Maderno

He made the Vatican’s façade

His work destroyed partially Michelangelo’s design

His work combined the dome with the creation of an space where the Pope could appear publicaly

Other works:

Santa maria della Vittoria

Palazzo Barberini

Architecture: Italy Longhena He worked mainly in Venice His design was selected for building Santa Maria della Salute It is building of central plan with a great dome that became the symbol of Venice.

Longhena

He worked mainly in Venice

His design was selected for building Santa Maria della Salute

It is building of central plan with a great dome that became the symbol of Venice.

Architecture: Italy Bernini He created a fusion of architecture, painting and sculpture He used false perspective and trompe-l’ oeil to impact He used a palace façade that became a model with massive pilasters above a rusticated base. Works: Saint Peter’s square Baldaquin

Bernini

He created a fusion of architecture, painting and sculpture

He used false perspective and trompe-l’ oeil to impact

He used a palace façade that became a model with massive pilasters above a rusticated base.

Works:

Saint Peter’s square

Baldaquin

Architecture: Italy Borromini His works spring from the contrast between convention and freedom He used tradition as a basis, but not as a law Works: San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane San Carlo Borromeo Oratorio degli Fillipenses

Borromini

His works spring from the contrast between convention and freedom

He used tradition as a basis, but not as a law

Works:

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

San Carlo Borromeo

Oratorio degli Fillipenses

Architecture: France It was elegant, ordered, rational and restraided It is a rectilinear model, closer to classicism It aimed at showing the power of Louis XIV monarchy. The main works are: Louvre: Le Vay and Perrault Versailles: Le Brun, Le Vau, Le Notre

It was elegant, ordered, rational and restraided

It is a rectilinear model, closer to classicism

It aimed at showing the power of Louis XIV monarchy.

The main works are:

Louvre: Le Vay and Perrault

Versailles: Le Brun, Le Vau, Le Notre

Architecture: Central Europe It began later due to the Thirty Years’ War Austria developed the Imperial style with Fischer von Erlach and Hildebrandt In Germany, in the Catholic South Jesuit models were followed while in the Protestant North works were less important Palace architecture was important in the whole area

It began later due to the Thirty Years’ War

Austria developed the Imperial style with Fischer von Erlach and Hildebrandt

In Germany, in the Catholic South Jesuit models were followed while in the Protestant North works were less important

Palace architecture was important in the whole area

Architecture: England and Russia In England is important Wren Baroque was the style used to design town planning In Russia it is very decorative, in quite traditional churches sometimes made of brick; later it was imported from the Low Countries and finally it became an extravagant art.

In England is important Wren

Baroque was the style used to design town planning

In Russia it is very decorative, in quite traditional churches sometimes made of brick; later it was imported from the Low Countries and finally it became an extravagant art.

Architecture: Spain At the beginning it continued the pattern of the Escorial Decoration tends to concentrate just in the façade The Rococo was the time of the development of the Churrigueresque style, with exaggerated decoration around the door The Plateresque (last Renaissance that imitates the work on silver) and the Churrigueresque were exported to America, mainly to Mexico.

At the beginning it continued the pattern of the Escorial

Decoration tends to concentrate just in the façade

The Rococo was the time of the development of the Churrigueresque style, with exaggerated decoration around the door

The Plateresque (last Renaissance that imitates the work on silver) and the Churrigueresque were exported to America, mainly to Mexico.

Sculpture It is one of the most popular arts. The clients are the church and the nobility. It is the way of expression of different religious believes. It was used as a way of advertising power Works are located in public places, such as courtyards and fountains.

It is one of the most popular arts.

The clients are the church and the nobility.

It is the way of expression of different religious believes.

It was used as a way of advertising power

Works are located in public places, such as courtyards and fountains.

Sculpture: Characteristics Creation of images that can be seen from different points of view. Tendency to open structures. Complicated lines, being the diagonal the most used. Interest for the effects of light: different treatment of surfaces Resource to breaking wall to get the ideal illumination

Creation of images that can be seen from different points of view.

Tendency to open structures.

Complicated lines, being the diagonal the most used.

Interest for the effects of light:

different treatment of surfaces

Resource to breaking wall to get the ideal illumination

Sculpture: Characteristics Combination of different materials in the same work Grandiloquence of the gestures Human treatment of the depicted characters Mythological and religious images frull of humanities and passions Perfect organisation of the volumes to obtain the desired effect

Combination of different materials in the same work

Grandiloquence of the gestures

Human treatment of the depicted characters

Mythological and religious images frull of humanities and passions

Perfect organisation of the volumes to obtain the desired effect

Sculpture: Characteristics Tension and drama: moment of maximum tension Violent contrast of light and shadows Types of sculptures: Relief Portrait Equestrian portrait Allegories Mythological stories Religious Easter sculptures (Spain) Fountains Pantheons Regional differences

Tension and drama: moment of maximum tension

Violent contrast of light and shadows

Types of sculptures:

Relief

Portrait

Equestrian portrait

Allegories

Mythological stories

Religious

Easter sculptures (Spain)

Fountains

Pantheons

Regional differences

Sculpture: Italy Bernini He created a new style in sculpture Sources of inspiration were the paintings of his contemporaries Sense of drama and naturalism (following Caravaggio) Captured in stone frozen moment of human bodies in motion Works: Apollo and Daphne Sainte Therese Ecstasy Fountain of the Four Rivers Fountain of the Triton

Bernini

He created a new style in sculpture

Sources of inspiration were the paintings of his contemporaries

Sense of drama and naturalism (following Caravaggio)

Captured in stone frozen moment of human bodies in motion

Works:

Apollo and Daphne

Sainte Therese Ecstasy

Fountain of the Four Rivers

Fountain of the Triton

Sculpture: France Girardon Quite classical conception He worked for Louis XIV Author of fountains (Apollo Tended by Nymphs), pantheons (Richelieu) Puget Impassioned work Formed in Italy Expressed physical vigour and emotional intensity Work: Milon of Crotona

Girardon

Quite classical conception

He worked for Louis XIV

Author of fountains (Apollo Tended by Nymphs), pantheons (Richelieu)

Puget

Impassioned work

Formed in Italy

Expressed physical vigour and emotional intensity

Work: Milon of Crotona

Sculpture: Spain Religious sculpture had an important development It is realised for the Easter parades. Characteristics: Humanity (passions, mainly sufferance) Symbols of sufferance: blood Individual or group images Wood is the most used material (polychrome) Additional elements: real clothes, glazed eyes, hair Common images: Painful Virgin (Dolorosa) Ecce Homo (Christ tied up to a column) Death Christ Calvary

Religious sculpture had an important development

It is realised for the Easter parades.

Characteristics:

Humanity (passions, mainly sufferance)

Symbols of sufferance: blood

Individual or group images

Wood is the most used material (polychrome)

Additional elements: real clothes, glazed eyes, hair

Common images:

Painful Virgin (Dolorosa)

Ecce Homo (Christ tied up to a column)

Death Christ

Calvary

Sculpture: Spain Castilian School: Gregorio Fernandez His style evolved from the refinement and elegance of Court Mannerism to Baroque naturalism Master in depicting the human body with anatomical detail, tension in muscles, strength of bones and softness of flesh and skin Clothing heavy and flat, with rigid and angular folders, producing contrast of light and shadows Dramatic expressions Simple polychromes (flat colours) Works: Virgin with the Dead Christ, Road to the Calvary, Saint Theresa

Castilian School: Gregorio Fernandez

His style evolved from the refinement and elegance of Court Mannerism to Baroque naturalism

Master in depicting the human body with anatomical detail, tension in muscles, strength of bones and softness of flesh and skin

Clothing heavy and flat, with rigid and angular folders, producing contrast of light and shadows

Dramatic expressions

Simple polychromes (flat colours)

Works: Virgin with the Dead Christ, Road to the Calvary, Saint Theresa

Sculpture: Spain Andalusian School: Greater classical tradition Artist maintained the aesthetic of latter Mannerism (athletic figures, elegant composition, and idealised beauty) Incorporation of the effects of naturalism in emotions Artists: Martinez Montañes, Alonso Cano, Pedro de Mena, Jose de Mora

Andalusian School:

Greater classical tradition

Artist maintained the aesthetic of latter Mannerism (athletic figures, elegant composition, and idealised beauty)

Incorporation of the effects of naturalism in emotions

Artists: Martinez Montañes, Alonso Cano, Pedro de Mena, Jose de Mora

Sculpture: Spain Andalusian School: Martinez Montañes: “ The God of Wood” Combined love of beauty and serenity of the Mannerism with the naturalism of the Baroque Elegant figures in restful poses Human and contained emotions Saint John the Evangelist Alonso Cano Combines classicism and Baroque Purity of form, delicacy and contaiment of expression Careful anatomy and slender outline Oval faces, eyes with melancholic and pensive gaze Saint John the Baptists

Andalusian School:

Martinez Montañes: “ The God of Wood”

Combined love of beauty and serenity of the Mannerism with the naturalism of the Baroque

Elegant figures in restful poses

Human and contained emotions

Saint John the Evangelist

Alonso Cano

Combines classicism and Baroque

Purity of form, delicacy and contaiment of expression

Careful anatomy and slender outline

Oval faces, eyes with melancholic and pensive gaze

Saint John the Baptists

Sculpture: Spain Andalusian School: Pedro de Mena: Greater simplification of form Spiritual content Pure sentiments or states of mind: ecstasy Saint Peter of Alcántara, Ecce Homo Jose de Mora: Simplicity and expression Realistic pain Faces with expression of introspection and sad gazes Impossibility of consolation Virgin of Solitude

Andalusian School:

Pedro de Mena:

Greater simplification of form

Spiritual content

Pure sentiments or states of mind: ecstasy

Saint Peter of Alcántara, Ecce Homo

Jose de Mora:

Simplicity and expression

Realistic pain

Faces with expression of introspection and sad gazes

Impossibility of consolation

Virgin of Solitude

Sculpture: Spain Pasos or processional scenes Made of light but fragile materials at the beginning Wooden carvings popular since 17th century Polychrome and with fake additions: glass eyes and tears, ivory teeth, hair Viewpoints should be taken into account Different work in characters: Goodies: meticolous, pretty to look, dressed in timeless clothing Baddies: less detail, no additions, ugly and unpleasant, clothing from the time they were made

Pasos or processional scenes

Made of light but fragile materials at the beginning

Wooden carvings popular since 17th century

Polychrome and with fake additions: glass eyes and tears, ivory teeth, hair

Viewpoints should be taken into account

Different work in characters:

Goodies: meticolous, pretty to look, dressed in timeless clothing

Baddies: less detail, no additions, ugly and unpleasant, clothing from the time they were made

Sculpture: Spain Mounted in wooden platforms: scenes seemed almost alive with the movement Main images desmounted and put in altars and baddies packed There were famous those of Valladolid, made by Gregorio Fernandez Decadence during the 18th century

Mounted in wooden platforms: scenes seemed almost alive with the movement

Main images desmounted and put in altars and baddies packed

There were famous those of Valladolid, made by Gregorio Fernandez

Decadence during the 18th century

Sculpture: Spain In the late Baroque there were French and Italian influences Creation of a new classicism Murcia took relevance: Salcillo Influenced by the Neapolitan school (Belen tradition) Movement, delicacy and tender beauty Perfection of form, serch of elegance and refinement Great dynamism Added materials and polychrome Luisa Roldan Larger sife sized an small terra-cotta compositions

In the late Baroque there were French and Italian influences

Creation of a new classicism

Murcia took relevance: Salcillo

Influenced by the Neapolitan school (Belen tradition)

Movement, delicacy and tender beauty

Perfection of form, serch of elegance and refinement

Great dynamism

Added materials and polychrome

Luisa Roldan

Larger sife sized an small terra-cotta compositions

Painting Subjects: religious and profane (mythological, allegorical, historical or portraits) Composition: complicated; taste for big groups, with different centres of attention. Portraits are just essential Lines: dynamic and complicate. Diagonal is the most used or combinations of horizontal and vertical Colour: rich, with great effects due to the use of oil and contrast depending on the areas Strange elements: secondary plans, mirrors

Subjects: religious and profane (mythological, allegorical, historical or portraits)

Composition: complicated; taste for big groups, with different centres of attention. Portraits are just essential

Lines: dynamic and complicate. Diagonal is the most used or combinations of horizontal and vertical

Colour: rich, with great effects due to the use of oil and contrast depending on the areas

Strange elements: secondary plans, mirrors

Painting Kinds of depiction: Religious: martyrdoms, sufferance and blood Mythological: generally developed with contemporary characters Allegorical: virtues and sins portrayed as humans Portraits: royal, bourgeois (doelen), beggars, handicapped Customs: every day’s life Historical: bear witness of historical events Landscapes: never quiet sceneries Still-life: food and vegetables, flowers, animals Vanities or vanitas: remainders of the egalitarian role of death

Kinds of depiction:

Religious: martyrdoms, sufferance and blood

Mythological: generally developed with contemporary characters

Allegorical: virtues and sins portrayed as humans

Portraits: royal, bourgeois (doelen), beggars, handicapped

Customs: every day’s life

Historical: bear witness of historical events

Landscapes: never quiet sceneries

Still-life: food and vegetables, flowers, animals

Vanities or vanitas: remainders of the egalitarian role of death

Painting: Italy Caravaggio Very naturalist Theologically incorrect Enormous contrasts of light Difficult compositions Known as the creator of tenebrism Works: Supper at Emmaus, the Death of the Virgin, Saint Mathew’s Conversion

Caravaggio

Very naturalist

Theologically incorrect

Enormous contrasts of light

Difficult compositions

Known as the creator of tenebrism

Works: Supper at Emmaus, the Death of the Virgin, Saint Mathew’s Conversion

Painting: Italy Carracci He received Caravaggio’s influence Naturalism Perfect and idealised world His works are completely different from those of Caravaggio Works: Cerasi Chapel

Carracci

He received Caravaggio’s influence

Naturalism

Perfect and idealised world

His works are completely different from those of Caravaggio

Works: Cerasi Chapel

Painting: Flanders Rubens He was a complete artist Gifted with organization and a sense for realism and idealism He enjoyed harmony’s enviable balance of opposites Romantic but rooted in classical tradition Works: The Three Graces, The Garden of Love, Catalina of Medici’s Portrait

Rubens

He was a complete artist

Gifted with organization and a sense for realism and idealism

He enjoyed harmony’s enviable balance of opposites

Romantic but rooted in classical tradition

Works: The Three Graces, The Garden of Love, Catalina of Medici’s Portrait

Painting: Flanders Van Dyck He was Rubens’ s student In his works there in a languid melancholic mood Portraits of the aristocracy Works: Charles I Jordaens Specialized in genre and banquet scenes Strong contrasts of light and shade Realistic images Works: The King Drinks

Van Dyck

He was Rubens’ s student

In his works there in a languid melancholic mood

Portraits of the aristocracy

Works: Charles I

Jordaens

Specialized in genre and banquet scenes

Strong contrasts of light and shade

Realistic images

Works: The King Drinks

Painting: Netherlands Rembrant Thunderous use of light and shade Dramatic figures filling the picture surface Fluid and vigorous brushwork He substituted the exact imitation of form by the suggestion of it: painting looked to be unfinished Limited palette but able to depict colours He worked in complex layers Great care to the physical qualities of the medium Works: The Night’s Ronda, Saskia having a Bath, The Jew Bridegroom, The Philosopher

Rembrant

Thunderous use of light and shade

Dramatic figures filling the picture surface

Fluid and vigorous brushwork

He substituted the exact imitation of form by the suggestion of it: painting looked to be unfinished

Limited palette but able to depict colours

He worked in complex layers

Great care to the physical qualities of the medium

Works: The Night’s Ronda, Saskia having a Bath, The Jew Bridegroom, The Philosopher

Painting: Netherlands Hals He brought life to groups Portraits as a snapshot Unconventional work for his moment Quick depictions with a few touches of light Works: The Gipsy Girl Vermeer Domestic interiors Serene sense of compositional balance and spatial order Mundane, domestic or recreational activities He used the camera obscura to exaggerate perspective Works: Girl with the Pearl Earring, View of Delft, the Procuress, The Geographer

Hals

He brought life to groups

Portraits as a snapshot

Unconventional work for his moment

Quick depictions with a few touches of light

Works: The Gipsy Girl

Vermeer

Domestic interiors

Serene sense of compositional balance and spatial order

Mundane, domestic or recreational activities

He used the camera obscura to exaggerate perspective

Works: Girl with the Pearl Earring, View of Delft, the Procuress, The Geographer

Painting: France Poussin Founder of the classical school Myths, essential subject and sensuality Works: Et in Arcadia Ego La Tour Preocupation with the realistic rendering of light Effects of chiaroscuro and diffusion of artificial illumination Works: Marie Magdalene Le Nain Common life, peasants and poor people Grave presences, not comic or gallant, neither picaresque or satirical Works: Peasant’s Family

Poussin

Founder of the classical school

Myths, essential subject and sensuality

Works: Et in Arcadia Ego

La Tour

Preocupation with the realistic rendering of light

Effects of chiaroscuro and diffusion of artificial illumination

Works: Marie Magdalene

Le Nain

Common life, peasants and poor people

Grave presences, not comic or gallant, neither picaresque or satirical

Works: Peasant’s Family

Painting: Spain Zurbarán He was a portrait painter Main subjects: religious (saints, monastic orders’ members) Austere, harsh, hard edged style Still-lives Works: Paintings of the Guadalupe Monastery, Sainte Casilde, Still-life with lemons

Zurbarán

He was a portrait painter

Main subjects: religious (saints, monastic orders’ members)

Austere, harsh, hard edged style

Still-lives

Works: Paintings of the Guadalupe Monastery, Sainte Casilde, Still-life with lemons

Painting: Spain Velázquez He painted any kind of subjects He was Court Painter and travelled to Italy to buy art works and he knew classical masters’ works Portraits: include royal family and nobility, some of them equestrian, but also normal people of the court or even beggars (Olivares, Juan de Pareja, Esopo, Meninas) Religious paintings are treated as common subjects, with great importance given to daily life objects (Christ in Martha and Mary’s house)

Velázquez

He painted any kind of subjects

He was Court Painter and travelled to Italy to buy art works and he knew classical masters’ works

Portraits: include royal family and nobility, some of them equestrian, but also normal people of the court or even beggars (Olivares, Juan de Pareja, Esopo, Meninas)

Religious paintings are treated as common subjects, with great importance given to daily life objects (Christ in Martha and Mary’s house)

Painting: Spain Mythological work appear normally in a secondary plan or represented by normal people (Spinners, Drunks) Historical scenes (Breda’s Surrender) Nudes (Venus of the mirror) Landscapes (Villa Medicci) Genre scenes: same importance given to the tools or to people (Old Woman Cooking Eggs, Sevilla’s Water-Seller)

Mythological work appear normally in a secondary plan or represented by normal people (Spinners, Drunks)

Historical scenes (Breda’s Surrender)

Nudes (Venus of the mirror)

Landscapes (Villa Medicci)

Genre scenes: same importance given to the tools or to people (Old Woman Cooking Eggs, Sevilla’s Water-Seller)

Painting: Spain Characteristics: Great detail when wanted Aerial perspective Pre-Impressioniss (few matter and impression of unfinished work) Special conception of the space (no divisions of it) Resource to very baroque elements such as mirrors that create an illusionist space Richness of colours

Characteristics:

Great detail when wanted

Aerial perspective

Pre-Impressioniss (few matter and impression of unfinished work)

Special conception of the space (no divisions of it)

Resource to very baroque elements such as mirrors that create an illusionist space

Richness of colours

Painting: Spain Murillo His work is not strong but his images are convincing Realism but a bit idealistic He is reputed as children painter, works in which beggars and poor children are depicted He created a model of Immaculate, moved by the wind and with a lot of putti Works: Children Eating Fruit, Two Women at a Window, the Holy Family of the Bird, Immaculate

Murillo

His work is not strong but his images are convincing

Realism but a bit idealistic

He is reputed as children painter, works in which beggars and poor children are depicted

He created a model of Immaculate, moved by the wind and with a lot of putti

Works: Children Eating Fruit, Two Women at a Window, the Holy Family of the Bird, Immaculate

Rococo French style for interior decoration It developped mainly at the end of 1720 It was used in other countries as a French Style Characteristics: Galante: luxurious things Contraste: asymmety Chinoiserie: exotic character imitating Chinese arts

French style for interior decoration

It developped mainly at the end of 1720

It was used in other countries as a French Style

Characteristics:

Galante: luxurious things

Contraste: asymmety

Chinoiserie: exotic character imitating Chinese arts

Rococo Architecture It caught the public taste Small and curious buildings Elegant parlours, dainty sitting-rooms and boudoirs Walls, ceiling, furniture and works of metal as decoration Ensemble of sportive, fantastic and sculptured forms Horizontal lines almost completely supressed Shell-like curves Walls covered by stucco White and bright colours.

It caught the public taste

Small and curious buildings

Elegant parlours, dainty sitting-rooms and boudoirs

Walls, ceiling, furniture and works of metal as decoration

Ensemble of sportive, fantastic and sculptured forms

Horizontal lines almost completely supressed

Shell-like curves

Walls covered by stucco

White and bright colours.

Rococo Sculpture There is not a breaking with the former The tune was set by courts and it is decorative Staircases, columns with atlantes become common Gardens and parks were adorned more than ever before with statues. These isolated and groups were placed on fountains The social role of sculpture increased to show the power of dynasties and nobility, mainly when cities expanded

There is not a breaking with the former

The tune was set by courts and it is decorative

Staircases, columns with atlantes become common

Gardens and parks were adorned more than ever before with statues. These isolated and groups were placed on fountains

The social role of sculpture increased to show the power of dynasties and nobility, mainly when cities expanded

Rococo Sculpture Taste for technical virtuosity, sheer brilliance of manner Allegory was used because it had an elaborate system of symbols Religion was a bit less used during the Enlightement Portraits give importance to reallity with psychological quirks Female portrait were less austere Cult of great men Increase of the number of equestrian statues Funeral monuments

Taste for technical virtuosity, sheer brilliance of manner

Allegory was used because it had an elaborate system of symbols

Religion was a bit less used during the Enlightement

Portraits give importance to reallity with psychological quirks

Female portrait were less austere

Cult of great men

Increase of the number of equestrian statues

Funeral monuments

Rococo Sculpture Bouchardon: Clean forms, can and harmonious rhythms Precursor of the Neoclassicism Works: Louis XIV Houdon: Charming images a bit ambiguous Works: Voltaire, La Frileuse Pigalle: The Negro Paul, Tombe of Marshl Saxony Falconet: Equestrian statue of Peter the Great

Bouchardon:

Clean forms, can and harmonious rhythms

Precursor of the Neoclassicism

Works: Louis XIV

Houdon:

Charming images a bit ambiguous

Works: Voltaire, La Frileuse

Pigalle: The Negro Paul, Tombe of Marshl Saxony

Falconet: Equestrian statue of Peter the Great

Rococo Painting Instead of portraying the moral depression of the time, they protrait high society and gallant festivals Beautiful sensuality is masterly depicted through the colour Conversations, rural pleasures, character as the Italian and French Commendians indicates the spirit of this art Slim images, in unaffected pose, in rural sceneries and painted with the finest colours

Instead of portraying the moral depression of the time, they protrait high society and gallant festivals

Beautiful sensuality is masterly depicted through the colour

Conversations, rural pleasures, character as the Italian and French Commendians indicates the spirit of this art

Slim images, in unaffected pose, in rural sceneries and painted with the finest colours

Rococo Painting France Wateau He depicted mankind as the most interesting natural element: affinity toward them Elegant characters in vibrant colours Works: Embarkation to Citera, Gilles Fragonard Rapid an spontaneous painter He depicted the sense of human folly Works: The Swing Chardin Master of the still life Paintings in brown colours with mids, but loyal to reallity

France

Wateau

He depicted mankind as the most interesting natural element: affinity toward them

Elegant characters in vibrant colours

Works: Embarkation to Citera, Gilles

Fragonard

Rapid an spontaneous painter

He depicted the sense of human folly

Works: The Swing

Chardin

Master of the still life

Paintings in brown colours with mids, but loyal to reallity

Rococo Painting England Hogart Caricature in his morality paintings Fluent and vigorous brushwork Works: Shrimp Girl Gainsborough Artist of the landscape and the portrait Ability to regard all creatures with sympathy Works: Landscape with Gypsies, Sunset

England

Hogart

Caricature in his morality paintings

Fluent and vigorous brushwork

Works: Shrimp Girl

Gainsborough

Artist of the landscape and the portrait

Ability to regard all creatures with sympathy

Works: Landscape with Gypsies, Sunset

Rococo Painting Italy Tiepolo Master of the decorative painting He used the fresco Works: Wurzburg Palace, Allegory of the Spanish Monarchy Canaletto Townscapes painter (vedute) He apparently painted directly from nature He used the camera obscura Works: Architectural Capriccio, The Bucintoro Returning to the Molo on Ascension Day

Italy

Tiepolo

Master of the decorative painting

He used the fresco

Works: Wurzburg Palace, Allegory of the Spanish Monarchy

Canaletto

Townscapes painter (vedute)

He apparently painted directly from nature

He used the camera obscura

Works: Architectural Capriccio, The Bucintoro Returning to the Molo on Ascension Day