The Dawn of Composite Clouds – Why OSGi is the Most Important Ingredient in the Next Generation of Java Compute Cloud - Richard Nicholson

Cloud 1.0 - The Dream... • Only pay for the resources you use. • Ability to scale on demand. • Reduced operations staff. • A robust operational platform. All without changing your Applications! Organisation X (which shall not be named!) Internal charge back - $2,000,000 for a rack of 32 Blade Servers! And 3 months required to deliver this hardware to the project!!The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Cloud 1.0 - The Reality: Pricing Financial Services Organisation X • Complex Pricing Structures Internal charge back for compute resources equivalent to EC2 - • Limited guarantee’s SLA’ once WAN bandwidth is considered - in-house resource is cheaper Google App Engine Price Hike Stuns Developers .... outcry as developers see their bills skyrocket. http://www.informationweek.com/news/cloud-computing/platform/231600672 1 Sept 2011 As Product Prices Hit Ceiling, Is VMware Still Affordable? http://siliconangle.com/blog/2011/07/25/as-product-prices-hit-ceiling-is-vmware-still-affordable/ 25 July 2011The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Cloud 1.0 - The Reality: Availability and SLA’s Millions of Hotmail users cut off by Microsoft cloud failure http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8752156/Millions-of-Hotmail- users-cut-off-by-Microsoft-cloud-failure.html 09 September 2011 Amazons lengthy cloud outage shows the danger of complexity By Peter Bright | Published 4 months ago http://arstechnica.com/business/news/2011/04/amazons-lengthy- cloud-outage-shows-the-danger-of-complexity.ars Office 365, Google Docs go down again, could give pause to the cloud-wary By Jon Brodkin | Published about 4 hours ago http://arstechnica.com/business/news/2011/09/ofﬁce-365-google-docs-go-down- again-could-give-pause-to-the-cloud-wary.ars 09 September 2011The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Regulator Casts Doubt on Banking Clouds Too risky, says Monetary Authority of Singapore. ... unlikely to allow a bank to put customer data into the cloud without significant due diligence, pointing out that in Singapore such behaviour could be punished with a three year jail term and a hefty fine. "[Cloud] vendors do not understand the regulatory system and laws applying to financial services," Outages that have affected Amazon Web Services, Google App Engine, and Microsoft Azure, suggesting that there would be a huge loss of confidence in a bank that could not continue to process transactions. Concerned by nested cloud - scenarios in which cloud providers use services from other providers to deliver a service. US SEC 10-Q filings by various cloud providers as examples of further cause for concern - the majority of its customers do not pay the extra fees charged for disaster recovery services. http://www.itnews.com.au/News/235977,singapore-regulator-casts-doubt-on-banking-clouds.aspxThe Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

A Different Question To what extent does Cloud address fundamental IT issues we actual face?The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Contributing factors to OPEX Anne Thomas Manes (Gartner) – SOA Symposium: Berlin, October 2010The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Contributing factors to OPEX ‘Cloud Computing’ ? From an OPEX perspective - its the maintenance of applications that are the dominant PROBLEM! Anne Thomas Manes (Gartner) – SOA Symposium: Berlin, October 2010The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

QuestionQuestion: How Much Does it cost to change a single line ofcode?Context? A large software vendor with aspirations to be aSaaS player Answer: > $1,000,000The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Modular Systems are Maintainable Systems • Modularisation forces ‘accidental complexity’ out of the environment. • Module boundaries enforce a clean contract between the runtime participants: & each layer of structural hierarchy! • Runtime Dependencies are explicit! • Enforces low coupling & high cohesion. • Unit of Deployment is Unit of Maintenance. • Unit of Deployment is Unit of Re-use. This is true for Hardware and Software.The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

‘VM Image centric’ Compute Clouds We’re pushing ‘static’ Gbyte sized software images to every node To change / update / ﬁx - we must push a new image out yet again!The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

VM Images - The Wrong Deployment Artifact • Masks runtime dependencies • Consumes unnecessary bandwidth • Consumes unnecessary storage capacityThe Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Cloud 1.0 With each SOA Business Service lies a rotting design..... Beneath each Cloud lies a rotting infrastructure.....The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

The Dawn of ‘Composite Cloud’ Solutions like Puppet & CodeChef - deployment and conﬁguration of Linux packages - are a step in the right direction. In response to an injected service description: each node assembles the corresponding service: • Locally resolving all dependencies • Pulling only software components required. But there is something much better if your applications are JAVA centric ;)The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Modular Clouds Is OSGi ‘THE’ enabler for: • OSGi applications in the Cloud? • Java applications in the Cloud? • Any type of Application? ALL OF THE ABOVE!The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

RFP133 - OSGi and Clouds Cloud A System C A BPurpose: A Process Group A System Element instance !a process group member" A Resource Pool • Provide a review of current industry standards bodies • Provide a conceptual model • Relate conceptual model to relevant OSGi specifications - Requirements and Dependencies - OBR specification - Remote Services - RSA specification - Configuration - ConfigAdmin The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

RFP133 - OSGi and CloudsBusiness Beneﬁt? Directly address environmentaldependencies! An IaaS resource dependency i.e. Amazon S3 PaaS IaaS • Avoid Cloud middleware service lock-in - By inverting the middleware stack • Addressing infrastructure fragility - By speed at which applications can be re-installed and changed A PaaS Services i.e. Amazon SMS An indirect resource dependency on IaaS storage - PaaS i.e. Amazon S3 IaaS The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Next StepsNext Steps - the RFC’s: • Framework Advertisements - How do we advertise? Leverage RSA? - What? • Generating Environment metadata for OBR resolution • Deployment Description - for distributed ‘Composite’ applications The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

We Have a Guide The Paremus Service Fabric - A model driven runtimeTarget State Runtime State =1 =3 =1 Deploy The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

We Have a Guide The Service Fabric responds by creating the corresponding System - deploying all required components and ‘wiring’ these together Provision DeltaTarget State Runtime State Planned Deltas =1 e.g. Conﬁguration M!del changes =3 Runtime Target State Unplanned Deltas Entity "Structure#SLA$ =1 e.g. Resource failures Monitor The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Data Will Always Be The Issue! • Data is like Mass: the more there is - the more ‘effort’ it takes to move • Latency will always be a barrier - speed of light • Hence assemble processing close to where the Data is generated / collated • No-longer centralised Compute Clouds but pervasive federated Data centric Clouds Current public Cloud solutions are like the Internet pre ARPA-NetThe Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

Data Centric Clouds ! Source of Data " A processing # Edge Unit (OSGi Edge) Processing moved to location of data. OSGi Cloud Core Data Edge Behaviour : Processing moved to location of data at edge ! local data generated . Optional:Edge device advertises " availability of data. . Edge device downloads appropriate # functionality to locally process data..The Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

To Conclude OSGi is THE enabler for Cloud 2.0 But lets not repeat Cloud 1.0 architectural mistakes! At runtime we must manage dependencies - ALL THE WAY DOWNThe Dawn of Composite Cloud Copyright © 2011 Paremus Ltd. September 2011 May not be reproduced by any means without express permission. All rights reserved.

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The Dawn of Composite Clouds – Why OSGi is the Most Important Ingredient in the Next Generation of Java Compute Cloud - Richard Nicholson

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