Interaction Paradigms

Interaction Paradigms Interaction Frameworks WS 08/09 Sigrun Ritter Sebastian Weinhold

Innovations

Memex A Memex is a device in which an individual stores all his books, records and communications and which is mechanized, so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an enlarged intimitate supplement to his memory.

oNLine system Human Augmentation System

Idea is to enhance and augment human intelligence It seemed clear to everyone else at the time that nobody would ever take seriously the idea of using computers in direct, immediate interaction with people. (Engelbart, 1968)

The computer as a communication device

Vision of a heterogenous computer network means diversity of technologies and platforms Early vision of the Internet ?

The ultimate display New ways of interacting with computers

A display that would create a realistic environment in which the user would interact with haptic, auditory and visual stimuli without having real world physical constraints. obstacles Discuss usage implementation .media time!

Innovations Now that we have seen some big ideas, the question arises, where do innovations come from? Let's consider the 3 magic rules of HCI

1. understand current technology and the way people use these 2. then apply that knowledge to the design of systems that address human needs 3. in this process develop new and novel ways to aid people in their tasks

Criterias for analyzing a computational system Physical computing environment Social computing environment Cognitive computing environment

safety efficiency user space work space lightning noise pollution

Social environment affects the way people use computers Computers must be designed adequately

age disabilities technical knowledge degree of focus cognitive stress

Interaction Paradigms A model of HCI including all aspects of interaction. We can analyze systems by applying the 5W+H : 1. What/How 2. Where/When 3. Who/Why

Personal computing One example: What/How? Main interaction architecture is the desktop environment; access without constraints Where/When? Home, work; at any time Who/Why? Everybody; for productivity, personal services

Other paradigms Large-scale computing Networked computing Mobile computing

New paradigms

Embodied Virtuality The 3 ideas 1. Pervasive computing 2. Invisible computing 3. Wearable computing

Virtual Reality 1. Non-immersive computing screen-based, pointer-driven, 3D graphical representations like Apple's QuickTime VR (uses 2D photographs to create 3D models)

Made with Pov-Ray

Virtual Reality 2. Immersive computing overall goal is the realization of the ultimate display active systems: user can manipulate virtual objects

shows visual and auditory integration

demonstrates visual and haptic integration (University of Paderborn)

Interaction Frameworks

The Structure of an Action (Norman) execution goal evaluation Evaluation

Interaction Framework (Abowd, Beale) Output presentation observation System User performance articulation Input

Gulf of Execution/Evaluation System Our goals

Semantic Distance distance between the available functionality of the system and the functionality required to complete a task Articulatory Distance the distance between the physical appearance of the device controls and their actual function

Mental Model 1. cognitive representation of how something is constructed and how it functions 2. derived from interaction and past experience 3. might be erroneous

Mapping describes how we make connections between things

Take Home Message A natural mapping extremely increases usability of an interface, therefore use it whenever it is possible!

The ultimative user experience: Interaction Styles

Command Line

Menu-Based Interface

Form Fill-In

Question and Answer

Metaphors

Direct Manipulation: GUI

Into the next dimension: 3D-Environments

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3249/2600392875_56e4af66a4.jpg?v=0

Zoomable Interfaces 3D-Space Visual File System for Mac OS X

Google Earth

Natural Language I haven't listened to The Coral for a long time.

Connecting the web with language

Discussion The interaction style that is dominant today with regard to personal computing is the two-dimensional GUI. Can you imagine a completely different interaction style than those known to us? What's your oppinion on the idea of a 3D-web, as mentioned by PicLens? What do you personally expect from future innovations in HCI? Which role will virtual realities play in our future?

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Interaction Paradigms

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