New-Product Development and Life-Cycle Strategies

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New-Product Development and Life-Cycle Strategies - Presentation Transcript

  1. New-Product Development and Life-Cycle Strategies Chapter 9
  2. Learning Goals
    • Learn how companies find and develop new-product ideas
    • Understand the steps in the new-product development process
    • Know the stages of the product life cycle
    • Realize how marketing strategies change during the product’s life cycle
    • Focus on Innovation
    • Names its culture of continuous innovation “renewal”
    • Organizes into autonomous units that help foster innovation
    • Large R&D budget of $3 billion with 40% of employees involved in R&D
    • Corporate Results
    • Annual sales of $36 billion across 130 countries
    • Global market share of 38%, greater than that of its nearest three rivals combined
    Case Study Nokia
  3. Definition
    • New Product Development
      • Development of original products, product improvements, product modifications, and new brands through the firm’s own R & D efforts.
    Goal 1: Learn how companies find & develop new-product ideas
  4. New Product Development Strategy
    • New products can be obtained via acquisition or development.
    • New products suffer from high failure rates.
    • Several reasons account for failure.
    Goal 1: Learn how companies find & develop new-product ideas
  5. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 1: Idea Generation
      • Internal idea sources:
        • R & D
      • External idea sources:
        • Customers, competitors, distributors, suppliers
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  6. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 2: Idea Screening
      • Product development costs increase substantially in later stages so poor ideas must be dropped
      • Ideas are evaluated against criteria; most are eliminated
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  7. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 3: Concept Development and Testing
      • Concept development creates a detailed version of the idea stated in meaningful consumer terms.
      • Concept testing asks target consumers to evaluate product concepts.
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  8. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 4: Marketing Strategy Development
        • The target market, product positioning, and sales, share, and profit goals for the first few years.
        • Product price, distribution, and marketing budget for the first year.
        • Long-run sales and profit goals and the marketing mix strategy.
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  9. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 5: Business Analysis
      • Sales, cost, and profit projections
    • Stage 6: Product Development
      • Prototype development and testing
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  10. Stages of the New Product Development Process
    • Stage 7: Test Marketing
      • Standard test markets
      • Controlled test markets
      • Simulated test markets
    • Stage 8: Commercialization
    Goal 2: Understand steps in the new-product development process
  11. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • The Product Life Cycle (PLC) has Five Stages
      • Product Development, Introduction, Growth, Maturity, Decline
      • Not all products follow this cycle:
        • Fads
        • Styles
        • Fashions
    Goal 3: Know the stages of the product life cycle process
  12. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • The product life cycle concept can be applied to a:
      • Product class (soft drinks)
      • Product form (diet colas)
      • Brand (Diet Dr. Pepper)
        • Using the PLC to forecast brand performance or to develop marketing strategies is problematic
    Goal 3: Know the stages of the product life cycle process
  13. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • Product development
    • Introduction
    • Growth
    • Maturity
    • Decline
    • Begins when the company develops a new-product idea
    • Sales are zero
    • Investment costs are high
    • Profits are negative
    PLC Stages Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  14. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • Product development
    • Introduction
    • Growth
    • Maturity
    • Decline
    • Low sales
    • High cost per customer acquired
    • Negative profits
    • Innovators are targeted
    • Little competition
    PLC Stages Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  15. Marketing Strategies: Introduction Stage
    • Product – Offer a basic product
    • Price – Use cost-plus basis to set
    • Distribution – Build selective distribution
    • Advertising – Build awareness among early adopters and dealers/resellers
    • Sales Promotion – Heavy expenditures to create trial
    Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  16. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • Product development
    • Introduction
    • Growth
    • Maturity
    • Decline
    • Rapidly rising sales
    • Average cost per customer
    • Rising profits
    • Early adopters are targeted
    • Growing competition
    PLC Stages Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  17. Marketing Strategies: Growth Stage
    • Product – Offer product extensions, service, warranty
    • Price – Penetration pricing
    • Distribution – Build intensive distribution
    • Advertising – Build awareness and interest in the mass market
    • Sales Promotion – Reduce expenditures to take advantage of consumer demand
    Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  18. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • Product development
    • Introduction
    • Growth
    • Maturity
    • Decline
    • Sales peak
    • Low cost per customer
    • High profits
    • Middle majority are targeted
    • Competition begins to decline
    PLC Stages Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  19. Marketing Strategies: Maturity Stage
    • Product – Diversify brand and models
    • Price – Set to match or beat competition
    • Distribution – Build more intensive distribution
    • Advertising – Stress brand differences and benefits
    • Sales Promotion – Increase to encourage brand switching
    Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  20. Product Life-Cycle Strategies
    • Product development
    • Introduction
    • Growth
    • Maturity
    • Decline
    • Declining sales
    • Low cost per customer
    • Declining profits
    • Laggards are targeted
    • Declining competition
    PLC Stages Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle
  21. Marketing Strategies: Decline Stage
    • Product – Phase out weak items
    • Price – Cut price
    • Distribution – Use selective distribution: phase out unprofitable outlets
    • Advertising – Reduce to level needed to retain hard-core loyalists
    • Sales Promotion – Reduce to minimal level
    Goal 4: Realize how marketing strategies change during the product life cycle

+ Mehmet CihangirMehmet Cihangir, 11 months ago

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7853 views, 9 favs, 1 embeds more stats

New-Product Development and Life-Cycle Strategies

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