This document contains review questions for a cell biology test. It covers topics like the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plant and animal cells, active and passive transport, diffusion and osmosis, organelles like the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, the cell cycle of mitosis and meiosis, and cell structure from the organelle to tissue to organism level. It also reviews experiments on diffusion and dependent vs independent variables in experiments.

1. Play the
SlideShow
to review
for the test!

7. prokaryotic
eukaryotic

9. Not a
cell

12. What is the difference
between active and
passive transport?
Active= Uses energy
Passive= no energy

13. Why would cells be
shaped differently?
They have different
functions.

14. What is the difference
between osmosis and
diffusion?
Diffusion= Any molecule
Osmosis= Only water

15. Which organelle has
membranes and
channels?
Endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER)

16. Which organelle
provides the cell with
energy?
Mitochondria

17. Why does DNA
double in mitosis?
So the daughter cells are
identical to the parent cell

18. If a dog has 78 chromosomes
in the parent cell, how any are
in the daughter cells after
mitosis?
78

19. If a dog has 78 chromosomes
in the parent cell, how any are
in the daughter cells after
meiosis?
39

20. What are the two
layers of a leaf?
Epidermis and
Mesophyll

21. If you water a plant, it will grow taller.
What is the independent variable and
dependent variable?
IV= watering the plant
DV= height of plant

22. A student wants to see if planting fish
bones with a plant will help it grow.
What could she use as her control?
A plant in soil, without
any changes.

23. Which is the most precise?
1
1.2
1.25
1.25

24. Who invented the first
compound light
microscope?
Anton van
Leeuwenhoek

25. BONUS
QUESTION

26. What are three
differences between
plant and animal cells?
• Plant cells have a cell wall, animal cells do not
• Plants cells have a chloroplast, and animal cells do not
• Plant cells are usually square, and animal cells are
usually round
• Plant cells have one large vacuole, and animal cells have
many smaller ones

27. What are the two types
of cells?
Hint: Nucleus or no nucleus
Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic

28. Describe, in detail, the
steps to focusing a
microscope.
Place slide on stage.
Start on lowest objective.
Move coarse adjustment.
Move to higher objective.
Only use fine adjustment

29. What are the two
ways that cells divide?
Mitosis and
Meiosis

30. Which occurs in body cells,
and which occurs in
reproductive cells?
Mitosis and Meiosis
Body= Mitosis
Reproductive= Meiosis

31. Which is how bacteria
reproduce?
Mitosis or Meiosis
Mitosis

32. What has different DNA
from the parent cells?
Mitosis or Meiosis
Meiosis

33. Which has the same number of
chromosomes in the daughter
cells?
Mitosis or Meiosis
Mitosis

34. What is it called when
molecules move across
a membrane?
Diffusion

35. What is it called when
water, specifically, moves
across a membrane?
Osmosis

36. Describe an experiment
we conducted that
displayed diffusion.
Eggs in vinegar/colored water
Potato in salt water
Air freshener in the room
Food coloring in water

37. What is it called when
something reaches a
balanced state, or
diffusion slows?
Equilibrium

38. A students wants to see which type of
fertilizer will help a plant grow taller.
What is the independent variable and
the dependent variable?
IV= amount of fertilizer
DV= plant height

39. BONUS
QUESTION

40. What are the three
parts to the Cell Theory?
• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function.
• Cells come from preexisting cells.

41. If I give patients more
medicine, then they will
have less headaches.
IV= amount of medicine
DV= frequency of
headaches

42. If someone is stressed,
than their heart will
beat faster.
IV= stress
DV= heart rate

43. What is the basic unit
of all living things?
Cell

44. Who coined the term
“cell”?
Robert Hooke

45. Which cell lacks a
nucleus?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

46. What kind of a cell is
an animal cell?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic

47. What kind of a cell is a plant cell?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic

48. What kind of cell is a
bacterial cell?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

49. What organelle makes
a plant green?
Chloroplast

50. What organelle stores
food and waste?
Vacuole

51. What organelle directs
the activities of the
cells?
Nucleus

52. What do we call the cell membrane?
Meaning, what is the term to describe
something only allow some things in.
Semi-permeable
membrane

53. Fill in the blanks:
Molecules move from an area of _______
concentration to an area of ________
concentration.
High
Low

54. Put the following in order:
cell organism tissue
organ system organs
Cell  Tissue  Organ 
Organ System 
Organism

55. What is the difference
between active and
passive transport?
Active= Uses energy
Passive= no energy

56. Why would cells be
shaped differently?
They have different
functions.

57. What is the difference
between osmosis and
diffusion?
Diffusion= Any molecule
Osmosis= Only water

58. Which organelle has
membranes and
channels?
Endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER)

59. Which organelle
provides the cell with
energy?
Mitochondria

60. Why does DNA
double in mitosis?
So the daughter cells are
identical to the parent cell

61. If a dog has 78 chromosomes
in the parent cell, how any are
in the daughter cells after
mitosis?
78

62. If a dog has 78 chromosomes
in the parent cell, how any are
in the daughter cells after
meiosis?
39

63. What are the two
layers of a leaf?
Epidermis and
Mesophyll

64. A student wants to see if planting fish
bones with a plant will help it grow.
What could she use as her control?
A plant in soil, without
any changes.

65. Which is the most precise?
1
1.2
1.25
1.25

66. Who invented the first
compound light
microscope?
Anton van
Leeuwenhoek

67. Name the six phases
of Mitosis, in order.
Interphase Prophase
MetaphaseAnaphase 
Telophase  Cytokinesis