Get to know - five year action plan in India. Since 1947, the Indian economy has been premised on the concept of planning. This has been carried through the Five-Year Plans, developed, executed, and monitored by the Planning Commission.
Keep watching & Sharing...
By: www.mediacenterimac.com
2. WHAT IS PLAN ?
A plan spells out how the resources of a
nation should be put to use.
It should have some general goals as well
as specific objectives which are to be
achieved with in a specified period of time.
In India plans are of five year duration and
are called FIVE YEAR PLAN.
3. OBJECTIVES OF
PLANNING –
Economic growth.
Self- Reliance.
Removal of Unemployment.
Reduction in income inequalities.
Elimination of poverty.
4. PLANNING COMMISSION
The PLANNING COMMISSION is an
institution in the Government of India, which
formulates India’s Five year plan.
Planning commission was set up on 15
MARCH 1950, with Prime minister
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU as the chairman.
5. FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1951-1956)
• Presented by –
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
•Total outlay - Rs. 2069
Crores
• Target growth – 2.1%growth
in gross domestic product.
6. 7 AREAS COVERED
•Agriculture as well as community development.
• Energy as well as irrigation.
• Communication and transportation.
• Land rehabilitation.
• Social services.
• Miscellaneous.
• Industrial sector.
7. ACHIEVEMENTS -
HYDROELECTRIC POWER
PROJECTS.
More railway lines were added.
ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION was
formed.
5 STEEL plants at BHILAI,
DURGAPUR and ROURKILA were
established.
8. SECOND FIVE YEAR
PLAN (1956- 1961)
Total outlay – RS. 4800
Crore.
Followed by –
MAHALANOBIS
MODEL.
Target growth – To inc.
NATIONAL INCOME by
25%.
9. CONCERN AREAS -
To make country more industrialized.
Focus was mainly on heavy industries.
To increase employment opportunities.
To determine optimum allocation of
investment between productive sectors.
10. ACHIEVEMENTS
Growth rate in GDP - 3.6%
National income increase - 18%
Per capita income increase - 11%
Per capita consumption inc. – 9%
Growth rate in NDP - 15%
2 Irrigation projects BHAKRA and
HIRAKUND projects initiated.
11.
12. This plan got a MODERNATE
SUCCESS, due to-
UNFAVOURABLE MONSOON in
1957-58, 1959-60.
SUIZ CRISES which blocked
international trading and increase the
commodity prices.
High TARIFFS.
13. THIRD FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(1961-1966)
OBJECTIVES
More stress to agriculture. 1. Subsidies.
2 Sufficient help.
To increase the national income by 5% per
year.
To provide employment to people.
14. To establish EQUITY among all the people
of country.
To achieve 4.5% growth rate of GDP
15. ACHIEVEMENTS
Decentralization.
Organization formed – 1. Panchayats
2. zila parishads
Laid emphasis on- 1. Oil conservation
2. Irrigation
3. A forestation
4. Dry farming
16. Many fertilizers and cement plants were
built.
Green revolution.
PROBLEMS FACED
SINO INDIAN WAR, India witnessed
increase in price of products, the resulting
INFLATION.
17. FOURTH FIVE
YEAR
PLAN
(1969- 1974)
Total outlay-
Rs. 24880 Crores.
18. OBJECTIVES
To achieve stability and progress towards
SELF –RELIANCE.
To achieve an overall rate of growth 5.7
percent annually.
To raise exports at the rate of 7 percent
annually.
To reform and restructure government
expenditure agenda( DEFENSE became
one major expense)
19. ACHIEVEMENTS
14 Banks were NATIONALIZED.
Food grain production increase.
Served as a stepping stone for economic
growth.
great advancement has been made with
regard to India’s national income.
Considered as one of the EMERGING
POWER.
20. PROBLEMS
A gap was created between the people of
rural areas and those of urban areas.
Due to RECESSION, FAMINE and
DROUGHT, India did not pay much heed to
long term goals.
21. FIFTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(1974-1979)
Total outlay –Rs. 53410 Crores.
OBJECTIVES
5.5 Percent overall rate of growth in gross
domestic objectives.
Expansion of productive employment and
fuller utilization of existing skills and
equipment.
22. A National programme for minimum
needs and extended programmes of social
welfare.
To reduce social, regional and economic
disparities.
To enhance agricultural productivity.
To develop labor intensive technological
improvement.
Production support policies in the
COTTAGE INDUSTRY SECTOR.
23. ACHIEVEMENTS
Food grain production was above 118
million tons due to the improvement of
INFRASTRUCTUAL FACILITIES.
BOMBAY HIGH had shot up the
commercial production of oil in india.
The INDIAN NATIONAL HIGHWAY
SYSTEM was introduced for the first time.
24. PROBLEMS FACED –
The INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
was in trouble.
FOOD, OIL and FERTILIZERS
where prices Sky – Rocketed.
Several Inflationary pressures.
(Electricity supply act was enacted in 1975)
25. SIXTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(1980-1985)
Total outlay – Rs. 158710 Crores.
26. OBJECTIVES
To initiate FAMILY PLANNING.
To improve PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL.
To initiate modernization for achieving
ECONOMIC and TECHNOLOGICAL
SELF – RELIANCE.
To develop indigenous energy sources and
efficient energy usage.
To promote improved quality of life of
citizens.
27. ACHIEVEMENTS
Speedy industrial development.
Government investments in the Indian
HEALTHCARE CENTRE.
Emphasis on the INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY SECTOR.
Science and technology also made a
significant advance.
28. PROBLEMS FACED –
During this time RAGIV GANDHI was the
PRIME MINISTER and hence industrial
development was the emphasis of this plan,
some opposed it specially the communist
groups, this slowed down the pace of
progress.
29. SEVENTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(1985-1989)
OBJECTIVES –
ANTI- POVERTY PROGRAM.
Improved facilities for education to GIRLS.
The government undertook to increase
productivity of-
1. Oilseeds, fruits, vegetables.
2. Egg, Meat, Milk.
30. Emergence of Informatics, and hooking up
of TELECOMMUNICATIONS with
Computers.
ACHIEVEMENTS
Making India an independent economy.
SOCIAL JUSTICE.
Using Modern technology.
Full supply of Food, Clothing and Shelter.
Increasing productivity of Small and Large
scale FARMERS.
31. PROBLEMS FACED –
1989-91, was a period of POLITICAL
INSTABILITY in India and hence no five
year plan was implemented.
In 1991, India faced a crisis in FOREIGN
EXCHANGE RESERVES.
32. EIGHTH FIVE YEAR PLAN
(1992 – 1997)
This plan can also be called as RAO AND
MANMOHAN MODEL OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT.
33. OBJECTIVES
Prioritize the specific sectors which requires
immediate investment.
To generate FULL SCALE
EMPLOYMENT.
Universalisation of ELEMENTARY
EDUCATION.
To place greater emphasis on role of
PRIVATE INITIATIVE in the development
of the INDUSTRIAL SECTOR.
34. To strengthen the INFRASTRUCTURAL
FACILITIES.
Promote SOCIAL WELFARE
MEASURES like improved healthcare,
sanitation, communication etc.
GDP growth Per Annum – 5.6
To encourage growth and
DIVERSIFICATION of AGRICULTURE.
35. ACHIEVEMENTS –
Rise in the Employment level.
Poverty reduction.
Self- Reliance on Domestic resources.
Self- Sufficiency in AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTION.
An average annual growth rate of 6.7
percent.
36. ENERGY was given priority with 26.6
percent of outlay.
Involvement of PANCHAYAT RAJ,
NAGARPALIKAS, N.G.O’S.
DECENTRALISATION and people’s
participation.
37. NINTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(1997- 2002)
Target GDP Growth 6.5 Percent.
OBJECTIVES-
To prioritize RURAL DEVELOPMENT.
To generate adequate EMPOYMENT
OPPORTUNITIES.
38. To stabilize the prices.
To ensure FOOD and NUTRITONAL
SECURITY.
To encourage social issues like WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT.
To create a liberal market for increase in
PRIVATE INVESTMENT.
To CHECK the growing POPULATION
INCREASE.
To provide for the BASIC
INFRASTRUCTURE facilities.
39. ACHIEVEMENTS –
A combined effort of PUBLIC, PRIVATE
and ALL LEVELS OF
GOVERNMENTS.
Ensured the growth of India’s economy.
SERVICE SECTOR showed fast growth
rate.
40. TENTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(2002 – 2007)
Target GDP growth – 8 Percent per annum
OBJECTIVES
All children to be in school by 2003 and all
children to complete 5 year of schooling by
2007.
Reduction in Poverty ratio from 26% to 21%.
Decadal population growth to reduce from
41. Reducing GENDER GAPS in literacy and
Wages rate by 50%.
INFANT MORTILITY RATE to be reduced
from 72 in 1999-2000 to 45 in 2007.
MATERNAL MORTILITY RATE to be
reduced from 4 per 1000 in 1999-2000 to 2 per
1000 in 2007.
Increase in FOREST/ TREE cover from 19%
in 1999-2000 to 25% in 2007.
42. Providing portable drinking water in all
villages.
All main rivers should be cleaned up
between 2007 and 2012.
Growth in gainful employment to, at
least keep pace with in addition to the work
force.
43. ACHIEVEMENTS –
NSTFDC – NATIONAL SCHEDULED
TRIBES FINANCIAL AND
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, has
been set up.
Overall growth rate of GDP – 7 Percent.
44. ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR
PLAN
(2007 – 2012)
This plan is titled with “ TOWARDS
FASTER AND MORE INCLUSIVE
GROWTH”.
OBJECTIVES
GDP Growth rate to be increased to 10% by
the end of plan.
Farm sector growth to be increased to 4%
45. Creation of SEVEN CRORE JOB
opportunities.
Reduced Educated unemployment youth
to below 5 PERCENT.
INFANT MORTILITY RATES to be
reduced to 28 per 1000 lives.
MATERNAL DEATH RATES to be reduced
to 1 per 1000 births.
CLEAN DRINKING WATER to all by 2009.
46. Improve SEX RATIO to 935 by 2011-12.
ROADS TO ALL VILLAGES that have a
population of 1000 and more by 2009.
Increase Forest and Tree cover by 5 %.
Achieve the WORLD HEALTH
ORGANISATION standard Air quality in major
cities by 2011-12.
Treat all urban WASTEWATER by 2011-12
to CLEAN RIVER WATERS.
47. Increase AGRICULTURE GDP growth to 4
Percent per annum.
Connect every village by TELEPHONE by
2007 and BROADBAND connectivity to all
villages by 2012.