Introduction to MongoDB

open-‐source, high-‐performance, document-‐oriented database

Non-relational Operational Stores (“NoSQL”) New Gen. OLAP RDBMS (vertica, aster, greenplum) (Oracle, MySQL)

NoSQL Really Means: non-‐relational, next-‐generation operational datastores and databases

no joins + no complex transactions Horizontally Scalable Architectures

no joins + no complex transactions New Data Models

New Data Models improved ways to develop applications?

Data Models Key / Value memcached, Dynamo Tabular BigTable Document Oriented MongoDB, CouchDB, JSON stores

• memcached scalability & performance • key/value • RDBMS depth of functionality

JSON-style Documents represented as BSON {“hello”: “world”} x16x00x00x00x02hello x00x06x00x00x00world x00x00 http://bsonspec.org

Flexible “Schemas” {“author”: “eliot”, {“author”: “mike”, “text”: “...”, “text”: “...”} “tags”: [“mongodb”]}

Dynamic Queries

Atomic Update Modiﬁers

Focus on Performance

Replication master slave master master slave slave slave slave master master slave master

Auto-sharding Shards mongod mongod mongod ... Conﬁg mongod mongod mongod Servers mongod mongod mongod mongos mongos ... client

Many Supported Platforms / Languages

Best Use Cases T Scaling Out Caching The Web High Volume

Less Good At highly transactional ad-‐hoc business intelligence problems that require SQL

A Quick Aside _id special key present in all documents unique across a Collection any type you want

Post {author: “mike”, date: new Date(), text: “my blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”, “intro”]}

Comment {author: “eliot”, date: new Date(), text: “great post!”}

New Post post = {author: “mike”, date: new Date(), text: “my blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”, “intro”]} db.posts.save(post)

Embedding a Comment c = {author: “eliot”, date: new Date(), text: “great post!”} db.posts.update({_id: post._id}, {$push: {comments: c}})

Posts by Author db.posts.find({author: “mike”})

Last 10 Posts db.posts.find() .sort({date: -‐1}) .limit(10)

Posts Since April 1 april_1 = new Date(2010, 3, 1) db.posts.find({date: {$gt: april_1}})

Posts Ending With ‘Tech’ db.posts.find({text: /Tech$/})

Posts With a Tag db.posts.find({tags: “mongodb”}) ...and Fast (multi-‐key indexes) db.posts.ensureIndex({tags: 1})

Indexing / Querying on Embedded Docs (dot notation) db.posts.ensureIndex({“comments.author”: 1}) db.posts.find({“comments.author”: “eliot”})

Counting Posts db.posts.count() db.posts.find({author: “mike”}).count()

Basic Paging page = 2 page_size = 15 db.posts.find().limit(page_size) .skip(page * page_size)

Migration: Adding Titles (just start adding them) post = {author: “mike”, date: new Date(), text: “another blog post...”, tags: [“mongodb”], title: “MongoDB for Fun and Profit”} post_id = db.posts.save(post)

Advanced Queries $gt, $lt, $gte, $lte, $ne, $all, $in, $nin db.posts.find({$where: “this.author == ‘mike’ || this.title == ‘foo’”})

Other Cool Stuff aggregation and map/reduce capped collections unique indexes mongo shell GridFS geo

slides will be up on http://dirolf.com Download MongoDB http://www.mongodb.org and let us know what you think @mdirolf @mongodb

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Introduction to MongoDB

by Mike Dirolf

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