Geo-annotations in Semantic Digital Libraries

Slide 1: Geo-annotations in Semantic Digital Libraries Geospatial Knowledge Infrastructures Workshop Maciej Dąbrowski, Sebastian Ryszard Kruk Digital Enterprise Research Institute National University of Ireland, Galway maciej.dabrowski@deri.org  Copyright 2006 Digital Enterprise Research www.deri.ie Institute. All rights reserved.

Slide 2: About us • • Sebastian Kruk Maciej Dąbrowski • • Lead researcher PhD student, project manager • • Semantic Digital Libraries Collaboration • • Social Web Human-Computer Interaction • • Semantic Search and Visualizations of tagging Browsing sebastian.kruk@deri.org maciej.dabrowski@deri.org 2

Slide 3: DERI Galway – Mission DERI Galway’s Mission is “to exploit semantics for • People • Organisations • Systems to collaborate and interoperate on a global scale” 3

Slide 4: DERI – Project Partners IFOMIS 4

Slide 5: Social semantic information spaces: Semantic (Web 2.0) Web 2.0 and social software 5

Slide 6: Semantic Web and Web Services Bringing the web to its full potential Intelligent Web Web Services Dynamic Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Semantic Web WWW Static RDF, RDF(S), OWL URI, HTML, HTTP 6

Slide 7: Semantic Web Foodchain Creating Dynamics & Searching Navigating Locally Sharing Globally Sharing Metadata Versioning Metadata Metadata Metadata and Deploying of Metadata Semantically Interlinking Online Social Semantic Web Multi-Faceted Social Semantic MarcOnt Semantic Desktop Search Engine: Metadata Collaborative Filtering Browsing JeromeDL DINO Multi-Bee Dynamics, notitio.us Didaskon Foaf-Realm Browse INtegration, SALT – Semantic Ontologies Annotated LaTex 7

Slide 8: Outline • Motivation • Ontologies in the world of digital libraries • JeromeDL – Social Semantic Digital Library • MarcOnt – Collaborative ontology development • Geo-tagging 8

Slide 9: Motivation World of Digital Libraries MARC21 Identified Problems: ? Dublin Core • Interoperability • Format translation Bibtex Multiple data formats in DL: • How to support them? • How to translate between them? • Who should create mappings? 9

Slide 10: Real-life problems – user’s expectations Searching: • Effective and Accurate We want correct and fast answers!! • Intuitive and Simple Asking questions should be easy. • Meaning Jaguar – a car or an animal? • Reasoning Give me articles written by students of X in Galway? Identified problems: • Intuitive interface for asking complex querries 10

Slide 11: Real-life problems - summary Digital Libraries should provide: • Interoperability • Support for many (legacy) formats • Complex search features • Intuitive interfaces 11

Slide 12: Yesterday’s world of digital content Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Digital library • – Database and archive (storage) – Digital bibliographic descriptions (metadata) – Full-text search (interface) Pros: • – Content accessible online – Federations of libraries – visit less places Cons: • – Lonely user – No one to talk to, we need to find the right keywords, what if we do not know them (“man without an ear” paintings example) – Still many problems with interconnecting other sources, incl. libraries 6 12

Slide 13: Today of interconnected, social media Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Social Semantic Information Spaces • – Semantic description (interconnected metadata) – Annotations provided by users (social metadata) – Collaborative search and browsing (interface) Features • – Search and browsing based on semantics empowers users – Users contribute to the classification process – Users can understand community driven annotations – Users enhance digital content using blogs, wikis on the side – Library can interact with other Internet services 7 13

Slide 14: JeromeDL - Properties Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie JeromeDL is the social semantic digital library that provides • – Integrated social networking with user profiling. – Enhanced personalized search facility. – Interconnects meaningful description of resources with social media. – Extensible access control based on social networks. – Collaborative browsing and filtering. – Dynamic collections. – Integration with Web 2.0 services.

Slide 15: Metadata and Services in JeromeDL Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie 15

Slide 16: Creating Semantics Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Each resource is described with: • – structure annotations - chapters, media parts, attachments – basic bibliographic annotations – knowledge organization systems - keywords, categories – social annotations (soft semantics) – Geotags Resource can be annotated with hard semantics during • the uploading process 16 16

Slide 17: Exposing Semantic Annotations 17

Slide 18: Ontologies in JeromeDL

Slide 19: Search based on semantics Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Natural language templates • – allows to perform complex queries using natural language – can be created and modified based on the needs of users – easily internationalized Semantic Query Expansion (alpha) • – refines query based on current context – extensible context definition: user profile, history of queries, current query, etc. 19 19

Slide 20: Access to semantics Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Exposing underlying semantics • – rendering RDF in various flavors – exposing semantics in JSON and SIOC – syndication feeds (RSS) Querying semantic database • – RDF query endpoint – OAI-PMH (beta) Delivering metadata to other services • – MarcOnt Mediation Services 20 20

Slide 21: Beyond JeromeDL - connecting to Web 2.0 Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Other Web 2.0 services can easily • hook up to information and services provided by JeromeDL Example - notitio.us • – aggregates semantics from different sources, including JeromeDL – involves users in providing more annotations – exposes content to other services, such as Learning Management Systems – contains components familiar from 21 JeromeDL 21

Slide 22: Browsing on semantics Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie Exhibit (SIMILE, MIT) • – powerful faceted filtering – rendering related dates on timeline – rendering related places on google maps MultiBeeBrowse • – collaborative browsing – allows to perform complex browsing operations – user can overview browsing context and look up browsing history – search, browse, filter ... – Keyword, RDF querry 22 22

Slide 23: Exhibit 23

Slide 24: Multi-Bee Browse 24

Slide 25: Conclusions Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie JeromeDL delivers a set of components that enables • semantic web technology It enhances users experience through the social • interactions It uses semantics existing on the web • It delivers semantics for other services • 25 25

Slide 26: • JeromeDL brings Semantic Web and Online Communities to the Digital Libraries • as the Digital Library on Social Semantic Information Spaces • http://www.jeromedl.org/ • http://wiki.jeromedl.org/ • Sebastian Ryszard Kruk • DERI, NUI Galway, Ireland • sebastian.kruk@deri.org 26 26

Slide 27: MarcOnt Initiative Motivation: • Build a bibliographic ontology for the Jerome Digital Library MarcOnt Initiative goals: • Deliver a set of tools for collaborative ontology development • Create a community of domain expert • Enable mediation between formats (MMS) 27

Slide 28: MarcOnt Ontology • Central point of MarcOnt Initiative • Translation and mediation format • Continuous collaborative ontology improvement • Knowledge from the domain experts • Community influence and evaluation 28

Slide 29: MarcOnt Ontology Goals: • Capture concepts from the legacy bibliographic formats – MARC21, Bibtex, Dublin Core – Lattes, ... • Create a uniform bibliographic description format for digital libraries. • Enable the use of Semantic Web technologies (eg. reasoning) to improve capabilities of digital libraries • Improve interoperability 29

Slide 30: Format Translation Scenario Author: Author: John Smith John Smith Dublin Core Date of Birth: Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 ?? Date of death: Date of death: 2004-09-10 ?? Author: Author: John Smith John Smith Date of Birth: Date of Birth: ?? ?? Date of death: Date of death: ?? ?? 30

Slide 31: Format Translation Scenario Author: Author: Author: John Smith John Smith John Smith Date of Birth: Date of Birth: Date of Birth: Dublin Core 1956-10-15 1956-10-15 ?? Date of death: Date of death: Date of death: 2004-09-10 2004-09-10 ?? RDF Storage Author: Author: Author: John Smith John Smith John Smith Date of Birth: Date of Birth: Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 1956-10-15 ?? Date of death: Date of death: Date of death: 2004-09-10 2004-09-10 ?? 31

Slide 32: MarcOnt Tools • MarcOnt Initiative involves development of tools: – MarcOnt Mediation Services (MMS) – allows users to retrieve the description of the given bibliographic resource in multiple formats – RDF Translator – tool for RDF data translation between formats using the set of given mapping rules – Rulegenerator – allows defining mapping (translation) rules between concepts from different ontologies. – MarcOnt Portal – enabling collaborative ontology development 32

Slide 33: MarcOnt Mediation Services 33

Slide 34: MarcOnt Mediation Services Interoperability Format translation MarcOnt Ontology MarcOnt RDF MARC21 RDF Bibtex RDF New format RDF MARC21 XML Bibtex XML New format XML MARC21 Bibtex New format MarcOnt Mediation Services RDF Translator 34

Slide 35: Rulegenerator – a tool for mapping rules creation 35

Slide 36: MarcOnt Portal – ontology lifecycle Collaborative ontology development. Initial Ontology Portal provides: Sugested Poposals • Suggestions Versioning Proposal discussion • Annotations Proposal anotations • Versioning • Ontology editor Proposal autopromoting Proposal voting Next Revision MarcOnt Portal 36

Slide 37: MarcOnt Portal • Goals – Deliver set of tools for domain experts enabling ontology development – Support collaborative ontology development process • Requirements – Easy access (no installation) – Intuitive interface – Ontology versioning – Ontology visualizations – Ontology editing 37

Slide 38: MarcOnt Portal - architecture Web browser Thick client MarcOnt REST SOA MarcOnt User Repository Rating Management Management And Voting Storage Sesame SemVersion 38

Slide 39: MarcOnt Portal - features On-line ontology editing Visualization of ontologies 39

Slide 40: MarcOnt Portal - features Comparing versions of ontologies 40

Slide 41: MarcOnt Initiative Roadmap • MarcOntX agent – automatic integration of concepts from Digital Libraries • Lattes – CV platform used in Brasil • Ontology visualisation and graphical edition • User profiling 41

Slide 42: MarcOnt Initiative summary MarcOnt Initiative goals: • Create a framework for collaborative ontology development • Provide domain experts with tools to share their knowledge • Offer tools for data mediation between different data formats • Develop MarcOnt bibliographic ontology • Create a community of users (domain experts) 42

Slide 43: MarcOnt Initiative references: • http://www.marcont.org/ • http://mms.marcont.org/ • http://rdft.marcont.org/ • http://library.deri.ie/ 43

Slide 44: Geotagging • Geotagging (Geocoding) is the process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as websites, RSS feeds, or images. This data usually consists of latitude and longitude coordinates, though it can also include altitude and place names • Geocoding also refers to the process of taking non- coordinate based geographical identifiers, such as a postal address, and assigning geographic coordinates to them (or vice versa). 44

Slide 45: Geotags 45

Slide 46: Examples • Geo-tags geotagged geo:lat=51.483387 geo:lon=-3.169792 • Geo-Metatags <meta name="geo.placename" content="Cardiff, Cardiff, UK" /> <meta name="geo.position" content="51.483387;-3.169792" /> <meta name="geo.region" content="GB-Wales" /> <meta name="ICBM" content="51.483387, -3.169792" /> 46

Slide 47: Flickr 47

Slide 48: Exhibit 48

Slide 49: Why geo-tagging? • Geotagging can help users find a wide variety of location- specific information. – find images taken near a given location by entering latitude and longitude coordinates into a Geotagging-enabled image search engine. – news – websites – other resources. • Determine the localisation of a given „concept” in the scene – http://copernicus.corrib.org/ 49

Slide 50: Copernicus in action 50

Slide 51: Summary • Semantics can bring digital libraries to a new level of providing services. • There is a need for usable and community based appication that would allow annotations (Semantic Web + Web 2.0). • Search and browsing services are crucial from the user’s perspective. • References: – http://jeromedl.org/ – http://marcont.org/ – http://copernicus.corrib.org/ – http://wiki.corrib.org/ 51