Geo-annotations in Semantic Digital Libraries Geospatial Knowledge Infrastructures Workshop Maciej Dąbrowski , Sebastian Ryszard Kruk Digital Enterprise Research Institute National University of Ireland, Galway maciej . dabrowski @deri.org

About us Sebastian Kruk Lead researcher Semantic Digital Libraries Social Web Semantic Search and Browsing [email_address] Maciej Dąbrowski PhD student, project manager Collaboration Human-Computer Interaction Visualizations of tagging [email_address]

Sebastian Kruk

Lead researcher

Semantic Digital Libraries

Social Web

Semantic Search and Browsing

[email_address]

Maciej Dąbrowski

PhD student, project manager

Collaboration

Human-Computer Interaction

Visualizations of tagging

[email_address]

DERI Galway – Mission DERI Galway’s Mission is “to exploit semantics for People Organisations Systems to collaborate and interoperate on a global scale”

DERI Galway’s Mission is “to exploit semantics for

People

Organisations

Systems

to collaborate and interoperate on a global scale”

DERI – Project Partners IFOMIS

Social semantic information spaces: Semantic (Web 2.0) Web 2.0 and social software

Semantic Web and Web Services Static WWW URI, HTML, HTTP Semantic Web RDF, RDF(S), OWL Dynamic Web Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Intelligent Web Services Bringing the web to its full potential

Bringing the web to its full potential

Semantic Web Foodchain Semantically Interlinking Online Semantic Web Search Engine: Multi-Faceted Metadata Browsing Social Semantic Collaborative Filtering Creating Metadata Searching Metadata Navigating Metadata Locally Sharing Metadata Globally Sharing and Deploying of Metadata Social Semantic Desktop SALT – Semantic Annotated LaTex Dynamics & Versioning DINO Dynamics, INtegration, Ontologies JeromeDL MarcOnt Multi- Bee Brows e notitio.us Foaf-Realm Didaskon

Outline Motivation Ontologies in the world of digital libraries JeromeDL – Social Semantic Digital Library MarcOnt – Collaborative ontology development Geo-tagging

Motivation

Ontologies in the world of digital libraries

JeromeDL – Social Semantic Digital Library

MarcOnt – Collaborative ontology development

Geo-tagging

Motivation World of Digital Libraries Identified Problems: Interoperability Format translation Multiple data formats in DL: How to support them? How to translate between them? Who should create mappings?

World of Digital Libraries

Identified Problems:

Interoperability

Format translation

Multiple data formats in DL:

How to support them?

How to translate between them?

Who should create mappings?

Real-life problems – user’s expectations Searching: Effective and Accurate We want correct and fast answers!! Intuitive and Simple Asking questions should be easy. Meaning Jaguar – a car or an animal? Reasoning Give me articles written by students of X in Galway? Identified problems: Intuitive interface for asking complex querries

Searching:

Effective and Accurate

We want correct and fast answers!!

Intuitive and Simple

Asking questions should be easy.

Meaning

Jaguar – a car or an animal?

Reasoning

Give me articles written by students of X in Galway?

Identified problems:

Intuitive interface for asking complex querries

Real-life problems - summary Digital Libraries should provide: Interoperability Support for many (legacy) formats Complex search features Intuitive interfaces

Digital Libraries should provide:

Interoperability

Support for many (legacy) formats

Complex search features

Intuitive interfaces

Yesterday’s world of digital content Digital library Database and archive (storage) Digital bibliographic descriptions (metadata) Full-text search (interface) Pros: Content accessible online Federations of libraries – visit less places Cons: Lonely user No one to talk to, we need to find the right keywords, what if we do not know them (“man without an ear” paintings example) Still many problems with interconnecting other sources, incl. libraries 6 Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Digital library

Database and archive (storage)

Digital bibliographic descriptions (metadata)

Full-text search (interface)

Pros:

Content accessible online

Federations of libraries – visit less places

Cons:

Lonely user

No one to talk to, we need to find the right keywords, what if we do not know them (“man without an ear” paintings example)

Still many problems with interconnecting other sources, incl. libraries

Today of interconnected, social media Social Semantic Information Spaces Semantic description (interconnected metadata) Annotations provided by users (social metadata) Collaborative search and browsing (interface) Features Search and browsing based on semantics empowers users Users contribute to the classification process Users can understand community driven annotations Users enhance digital content using blogs, wikis on the side Library can interact with other Internet services 7 Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Social Semantic Information Spaces

Semantic description (interconnected metadata)

Annotations provided by users (social metadata)

Collaborative search and browsing (interface)

Features

Search and browsing based on semantics empowers users

Users contribute to the classification process

Users can understand community driven annotations

Users enhance digital content using blogs, wikis on the side

Library can interact with other Internet services

JeromeDL - Properties JeromeDL is the social semantic digital library that provides Integrated social networking with user profiling. Enhanced personalized search facility. Interconnects meaningful description of resources with social media. Extensible access control based on social networks. Collaborative browsing and filtering. Dynamic collections. Integration with Web 2.0 services. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

JeromeDL is the social semantic digital library that provides

Integrated social networking with user profiling.

Enhanced personalized search facility.

Interconnects meaningful description of resources with social media.

Extensible access control based on social networks.

Collaborative browsing and filtering.

Dynamic collections.

Integration with Web 2.0 services.

Metadata and Services in JeromeDL Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Creating Semantics Each resource is described with: structure annotations - chapters, media parts, attachments basic bibliographic annotations knowledge organization systems - keywords, categories social annotations (soft semantics) Geotags Resource can be annotated with hard semantics during the uploading process Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Each resource is described with:

structure annotations - chapters, media parts, attachments

basic bibliographic annotations

knowledge organization systems - keywords, categories

social annotations (soft semantics)

Geotags

Resource can be annotated with hard semantics during the uploading process

Exposing Semantic Annotations

Ontologies in JeromeDL

Search based on semantics Natural language templates allows to perform complex queries using natural language can be created and modified based on the needs of users easily internationalized Semantic Query Expansion (alpha) refines query based on current context extensible context definition: user profile, history of queries, current query, etc. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Natural language templates

allows to perform complex queries using natural language

can be created and modified based on the needs of users

easily internationalized

Semantic Query Expansion (alpha)

refines query based on current context

extensible context definition: user profile, history of queries, current query, etc.

Access to semantics Exposing underlying semantics rendering RDF in various flavors exposing semantics in JSON and SIOC syndication feeds (RSS) Querying semantic database RDF query endpoint OAI-PMH (beta) Delivering metadata to other services MarcOnt Mediation Services Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Exposing underlying semantics

rendering RDF in various flavors

exposing semantics in JSON and SIOC

syndication feeds (RSS)

Querying semantic database

RDF query endpoint

OAI-PMH (beta)

Delivering metadata to other services

MarcOnt Mediation Services

Beyond JeromeDL - connecting to Web 2.0 Other Web 2.0 services can easily hook up to information and services provided by JeromeDL Example - notitio.us aggregates semantics from different sources, including JeromeDL involves users in providing more annotations exposes content to other services, such as Learning Management Systems contains components familiar from JeromeDL Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Other Web 2.0 services can easily hook up to information and services provided by JeromeDL

Example - notitio.us

aggregates semantics from different sources, including JeromeDL

involves users in providing more annotations

exposes content to other services, such as Learning Management Systems

contains components familiar from JeromeDL

Browsing on semantics Exhibit (SIMILE, MIT) powerful faceted filtering rendering related dates on timeline rendering related places on google maps MultiBeeBrowse collaborative browsing allows to perform complex browsing operations user can overview browsing context and look up browsing history search, browse, filter ... Keyword, RDF querry Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Exhibit (SIMILE, MIT)

powerful faceted filtering

rendering related dates on timeline

rendering related places on google maps

MultiBeeBrowse

collaborative browsing

allows to perform complex browsing operations

user can overview browsing context and look up browsing history

search, browse, filter ...

Keyword, RDF querry

Exhibit

Multi-Bee Browse

Conclusions JeromeDL delivers a set of components that enables semantic web technology It enhances users experience through the social interactions It uses semantics existing on the web It delivers semantics for other services Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

JeromeDL delivers a set of components that enables semantic web technology

It enhances users experience through the social interactions

It uses semantics existing on the web

It delivers semantics for other services

JeromeDL brings Semantic Web and Online Communities to the Digital Libraries as the Digital Library on Social Semantic Information Spaces http://www.jeromedl.org/ http://wiki.jeromedl.org/ Sebastian Ryszard Kruk DERI, NUI Galway, Ireland [email_address]

JeromeDL brings Semantic Web and Online Communities to the Digital Libraries

as the Digital Library on Social Semantic Information Spaces

http://www.jeromedl.org/

http://wiki.jeromedl.org/

Sebastian Ryszard Kruk

DERI, NUI Galway, Ireland

[email_address]

MarcOnt Initiative Motivation: Build a bibliographic ontology for the Jerome Digital Library MarcOnt Initiative goals: Deliver a set of tools for collaborative ontology development Create a community of domain expert Enable mediation between formats (MMS)

Motivation:

Build a bibliographic ontology for

the Jerome Digital Library

MarcOnt Initiative goals:

Deliver a set of tools for

collaborative ontology

development

Create a community of domain expert

Enable mediation between formats (MMS)

MarcOnt Ontology Central point of MarcOnt Initiative Translation and mediation format Continuous collaborative ontology improvement Knowledge from the domain experts Community influence and evaluation

Central point of MarcOnt Initiative

Translation and mediation format

Continuous collaborative ontology improvement

Knowledge from the domain experts

Community influence and evaluation

MarcOnt Ontology Goals: Capture concepts from the legacy bibliographic formats MARC21, Bibtex, Dublin Core Lattes, ... Create a uniform bibliographic description format for digital libraries. Enable the use of Semantic Web technologies (eg. reasoning) to improve capabilities of digital libraries Improve interoperability

Goals:

Capture concepts from the legacy bibliographic formats

MARC21, Bibtex, Dublin Core

Lattes, ...

Create a uniform bibliographic description format for digital libraries.

Enable the use of Semantic Web technologies (eg. reasoning) to improve capabilities of digital libraries

Improve interoperability

Format Translation Scenario Author: John Smith Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 Date of death: 2004-09-10 Author: John Smith Date of Birth: ?? Date of death: ?? Author: John Smith Date of Birth: ?? Date of death: ?? Author: John Smith Date of Birth: ?? Date of death: ?? Dublin Core

Author:

John Smith

Date of Birth:

1956-10-15

Date of death:

2004-09-10

Format Translation Scenario Author: John Smith Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 Date of death: 2004-09-10 Author: John Smith Date of Birth: ?? Date of death: ?? Author: John Smith Date of Birth: ?? Date of death: ?? Author: John Smith Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 Date of death: 2004-09-10 RDF Storage Dublin Core Author: John Smith Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 Date of death: 2004-09-10 Author: John Smith Date of Birth: 1956-10-15 Date of death: 2004-09-10

Author:

John Smith

Date of Birth:

1956-10-15

Date of death:

2004-09-10

MarcOnt Tools MarcOnt Initiative involves development of tools: MarcOnt Mediation Services (MMS) – allows users to retrieve the description of the given bibliographic resource in multiple formats RDF Translator – tool for RDF data translation between formats using the set of given mapping rules Rulegenerator – allows defining mapping (translation) rules between concepts from different ontologies. MarcOnt Portal – enabling collaborative ontology development

MarcOnt Initiative involves development of tools:

MarcOnt Mediation Services (MMS) – allows users to retrieve the description of the given bibliographic resource in multiple formats

RDF Translator – tool for RDF data translation between formats using the set of given mapping rules

Rulegenerator – allows defining mapping (translation) rules between concepts from different ontologies.

MarcOnt Portal – enabling collaborative ontology development

MarcOnt Mediation Services

MarcOnt Mediation Services Format translation Interoperability MarcOnt Mediation Services RDF Translator

Format translation

Rulegenerator – a tool for mapping rules creation

MarcOnt Portal – ontology lifecycle Collaborative ontology development. Portal provides: Suggestions Annotations Versioning Ontology editor

Collaborative ontology development.

Portal provides:

Suggestions

Annotations

Versioning

Ontology editor

MarcOnt Portal Goals Deliver set of tools for domain experts enabling ontology development Support collaborative ontology development process Requirements Easy access (no installation) Intuitive interface Ontology versioning Ontology visualizations Ontology editing

Goals

Deliver set of tools for domain experts enabling ontology development

Support collaborative ontology development process

Requirements

Easy access (no installation)

Intuitive interface

Ontology versioning

Ontology visualizations

Ontology editing

MarcOnt Portal - architecture

MarcOnt Portal - features On-line ontology editing Visualization of ontologies

On-line ontology editing

Visualization of ontologies

MarcOnt Portal - features Comparing versions of ontologies

Comparing versions of ontologies

MarcOnt Initiative Roadmap Lattes – CV platform used in Brasil Ontology visualisation and graphical edition User profiling MarcOntX agent – automatic integration of concepts from Digital Libraries

Lattes – CV platform used in Brasil

Ontology visualisation and graphical edition

User profiling

MarcOntX agent – automatic integration of concepts from Digital Libraries

MarcOnt Initiative summary MarcOnt Initiative goals: Create a framework for collaborative ontology development Provide domain experts with tools to share their knowledge Offer tools for data mediation between different data formats Develop MarcOnt bibliographic ontology Create a community of users (domain experts)

MarcOnt Initiative goals:

Create a framework for collaborative ontology development

Provide domain experts with tools to share their knowledge

Offer tools for data mediation between different data formats

Develop MarcOnt bibliographic ontology

Create a community of users (domain experts)

MarcOnt Initiative references: http://www.marcont.org/ http ://mms.marcont.org/ http://rdft.marcont.org/ http://library.deri.ie/

http://www.marcont.org/

http ://mms.marcont.org/

http://rdft.marcont.org/

http://library.deri.ie/

Geotagging Geotagging ( Geocoding ) is the process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as websites, RSS feeds, or images. This data usually consists of latitude and longitude coordinates , though it can also include altitude and place names Geocoding also refers to the process of taking non-coordinate based geographical identifiers, such as a postal address, and assigning geographic coordinates to them (or vice versa).

Geotagging ( Geocoding ) is the process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media such as websites, RSS feeds, or images. This data usually consists of latitude and longitude coordinates , though it can also include altitude and place names

Geocoding also refers to the process of taking non-coordinate based geographical identifiers, such as a postal address, and assigning geographic coordinates to them (or vice versa).

Geotags

Examples Geo-tags geotagged geo:lat=51.483387 geo:lon=-3.169792 Geo-Metatags <meta name=&quot;geo.placename&quot; content=&quot;Cardiff, Cardiff, UK&quot; /> <meta name=&quot;geo.position&quot; content=&quot;51.483387;-3.169792&quot; /> <meta name=&quot;geo.region&quot; content=&quot;GB-Wales&quot; /> <meta name=&quot;ICBM&quot; content=&quot;51.483387, -3.169792&quot; />

Geo-tags

geotagged

geo:lat=51.483387

geo:lon=-3.169792

Geo-Metatags

<meta name=&quot;geo.placename&quot; content=&quot;Cardiff, Cardiff, UK&quot; />

<meta name=&quot;geo.position&quot; content=&quot;51.483387;-3.169792&quot; />

<meta name=&quot;geo.region&quot; content=&quot;GB-Wales&quot; />

<meta name=&quot;ICBM&quot; content=&quot;51.483387, -3.169792&quot; />

Flickr

Exhibit

Why geo-tagging? Geotagging can help users find a wide variety of location-specific information. find images taken near a given location by entering latitude and longitude coordinates into a Geotagging-enabled image search engine. n ews w ebsites other resources. Determine the localisation of a given „concept” in the scene http:// copernicus.corrib.org/

Geotagging can help users find a wide variety of location-specific information.

find images taken near a given location by entering latitude and longitude coordinates into a Geotagging-enabled image search engine.

n ews

w ebsites

other resources.

Determine the localisation of a given „concept” in the scene

http:// copernicus.corrib.org/

Copernicus in action

Summary Semantics can bring digital libraries to a new level of providing services. There is a need for usable and community based appication that would allow annotations (Semantic Web + Web 2.0). Search and browsing services are crucial from the user’s perspective. References: http://jeromedl.org/ http://marcont.org/ http://copernicus.corrib.org/ http:// wiki.corrib.org/

Semantics can bring digital libraries to a new level of providing services.

There is a need for usable and community based appication that would allow annotations (Semantic Web + Web 2.0).

Search and browsing services are crucial from the user’s perspective.

References:

http://jeromedl.org/

http://marcont.org/

http://copernicus.corrib.org/

http:// wiki.corrib.org/