Global warming 2 °C global temperatures is the tipping point

technologies = solution

technologies = solution ?

The Netherlands Energy Efficient Action Plan (EEPA) 2007 Transport sector >21% energy saving Household sector >22% energy saving until 2016

Sustainable energy by 3-step-strategy (K. Duijvestein) Reducing energy demands Using renewable energy source Using limited energy source carefully Large-scale application + Our (as a planner) business!! limited time, space and €

Sustainable energy by

3-step-strategy (K. Duijvestein)

Reducing energy demands

Using renewable energy source

Using limited energy source carefully

Large-scale application

Large-scale application limited time, space and € by urban management with urban integration

by design a favorable condition for adopting energy saving measures Large-scale application limited time, space and €

This project illustrates integrated strategies concerning sustainable energy by a urban renewal master plan

Energy use pattern vs. spatial values

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in local level from transportation

Bicycle Amsterdam vs. Rotterdam = 29% vs. 19% Data proved energy use pattern on transport — municipalities level

3 spatial planning values influencing (20-30%) the choice of transport modes and travel demand GHG emissions in local level Framework of movement Provision of transport alternatives Land-use characteristics

3 spatial planning values influencing (20-30%) the choice of transport modes and travel demand

GHG emissions in local level

Framework of movement

Provision of transport alternatives

Land-use characteristics

Energy use on housing

Large restructure housing area in Rotterdam south until 2030 Pre-war housing area post-war housing area Urban renewal area Necessity of spatial restructuring to achieve the goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. The priority switches to the urban renewal master plan

Charlois Pendrecht Site of priority— Spatial structure of transport and housing confirms energy waste Charlois - ranked as second low bicycle use (14%) in Rotterdam Pendrecht - one of postwar social housing storages in Rotterdam (6018DW.) experiencing social degradation on urban edge insufficient public transportation large restructuring planned

Site of priority—

Spatial structure of transport and housing confirms energy waste

Charlois - ranked as second low bicycle use (14%) in Rotterdam

Pendrecht -

one of postwar social housing storages in Rotterdam (6018DW.)

experiencing social degradation on urban edge

insufficient public transportation

large restructuring planned

3 values for energy consumption in housing renewal plan : Proportion of different types of building Tendency & point of improvement Design urban structure with high climatic quality Amount (dwelling) : 3070 826 2122 51% 14% 35% Energy performance EPC 2.0 EPC1.0 EPC0.8 Energy performance on housing—district level

3 values for energy consumption in housing renewal plan :

Proportion of different types of building

Tendency & point of improvement

Design urban structure with high climatic quality

Potential and tendency analysis Schemes of development I -- new housing replacement - cost-effective , € for 1kwh heat reduction Old : New= 1: 2.5 source: J. Douglas, Building adaptation, 2006 policy tendency: necessity of low or zero-carbon houses Energy efficiency requirements to new building 2006 EPC 0.8 2011 EPC 0.6 2015 EPC 0.4 2020 EPC 0 Source: VROM, 2008 € € €

Potential and tendency analysis

Schemes of development I -- new housing replacement

- cost-effective , € for 1kwh heat reduction

Old : New= 1: 2.5

source: J. Douglas, Building adaptation, 2006

policy tendency: necessity of low or zero-carbon houses

Energy efficiency requirements to new building

2006 EPC 0.8

2011 EPC 0.6

2015 EPC 0.4

2020 EPC 0

Source: VROM, 2008

Systematic for refurbishment Source: Dr. Georg Wagener-Lohse, CEBra - Centre for Energy Technology Brandenburg, Cottbus - feasible in cost and time — old housing refurbishment Schemes of development II -- old housing renovation Boiler, Tube insulation Ceiling insulation Thermostatic valves Insulation of one wall Insulation of all walls I A I B I C Standard full energetic refurbishment Standard full refurbishment * estimated effect on consumption in kWh/m² Saving* time ? >20y ? >10y 45% 5-10y 30% 5y

Schemes of development II -- old housing renovation Good market value and add-values are possible Learn from precedent Falmouth, UK, 2003 30% energy saving 5.5 yr pay-back Berlin, Ger, 2007 50% energy saving 7 yr pay-back Veenendaal, NL, 2002 28% energy saving 7 yr pay-back

Analysis climatic quality of urban structure Indoor and outdoor passive solar access Stamp pattern of post-war housing

Analysis climatic quality of urban structure

Indoor and outdoor passive solar access

Tip A subsidy scheme for existing housing: - solar water heaters, - heat pumps - solar panels - Properly adopting low or zero carbon energy technology

Strategies ; spatial related solution

On sustainable mobility Reduce transport demand Use endless resource (muscle) Minimize motorized transport mode

On sustainable mobility

Reduce transport demand

Use endless resource (muscle)

Minimize motorized transport mode

On sustainable housing renewal – large scale reduction, not signal item Reducing energy demands Renewable energy source Use energy source wisely >> Maximized impact within limited money and time, >> Good market value >> High climatic quality both indoor and public space

On sustainable housing renewal –

large scale reduction, not signal item

Reducing energy demands

Renewable energy source

Use energy source wisely

Urban renewal master plan

TOD Actual land use and provision of public transportation in Pendrecht

70% metro passengers from tram connected areas Extending the tram track + the terminal of Randstad Rail

Transportation framework &provision multiply connect control Proposal of transport framework

Pendrecht urban renewal mater plan

≈ 2000 dwellings Housing refurbishment Carry out 9% energy reduction for Pendrecht (25-30% of its own) Pendrecht urban renewal mater plan

Housing refurbishment

B A A B Design task- lot A & B housing stock

Comparable new housing for lot A A Density after completion: 6546 DW.m2/ha = 50 DW/ha (count by 130 ㎡ /DW) (9419) (73) Housing standard: Zero CO 2 emission BedZED current condition Design task- lot A & B housing stock

Comparable housing restructure case for lot B B Density after completion: 9351 DW.m2/ha = 71 DW/ha (count by 130 ㎡ /DW) Housing standard: energy saving: 62 % Poptahof current condition Motivation and goal ︱ Problem definiion ︱ Site analysis ︱ Strategy ︱ Urban renewal master plan Design task- lot A & B housing stock

A B Housing lot A & B design proposal Design task- lot A & B housing stock 2-3 4 2-3 3 3 3 2-3

C C Design task- lot C housing stock

Comparable housing restructure case for lot C C Density after completion: 8881 DW.m2/ha = 68 DW/ha (count by 130 ㎡ /DW) Housing standard: energy saving: 45 % Hoogvliet current condition Design task- lot C housing stock

C Housing lot C design proposal 4 3-4 2-3 4 4 4 3 4 3 2-3 Design task- lot C housing stock

D Showcase project D: 2 high-rise flat transfer to office use D

Attractive public space revives community and encourage green movement Perspective

Quality of space: public space Current condition Perspective

Quality of space: public space Current condition Perspective

Green structure connects to Zuiderpark Zuiderpark Proposal: Wind energy in open space Perspective

Progressive energy reduction -23%

-9% -12.5%

-1.8% >-6%

-5%

-5%

Pendrecht Project extension Leading project and applicability Household and transport sectors Postwar housing area (71,723dwelling) Population in urban edge Public transport connected area Short distant movement Postwar housing area Contribute to the transformation of the city as a whole

Leading project and applicability

Household and transport sectors

Postwar housing area (71,723dwelling)

Population in urban edge

Public transport connected area

Short distant movement

Conclusion Approaching large-scale GHG reduction: strategy should be less sectors, more integration and strong impact . Energy waste control is crucial important among every measure Data analysis support decision-making Graphic analysis locates the problems and solutions

Approaching large-scale GHG reduction: strategy should be less sectors, more integration and strong impact .

Energy waste control is crucial important among every measure

Data analysis support decision-making

Graphic analysis locates the problems and solutions

Conclusion old housing refurbishment: 60% energy reduction by insulation measures without considerable material waste and relative cheap Improving bicycle use environment can replace >10% of car use for daily trip, land use character can influence 20-30% higher density can create financial advantage for new energy and transport infrastructures building typology among energy saving measures, is more important on microclimate and living quality No clear evidence between travel demand and mixed land use strategy , yet it generates social and market value

old housing refurbishment: 60% energy

reduction by insulation measures without

considerable material waste and relative

cheap

Improving bicycle use environment can replace >10% of car use for daily trip, land use character can influence 20-30%

higher density can create financial advantage for new energy and transport infrastructures

building typology among energy saving measures, is more important on microclimate and living quality

No clear evidence between travel demand and mixed land use strategy , yet it generates social and market value

Large scale GHG reduction can be achieved by the process of urban renewal as a clear tool Thank you