El documento trata sobre el tratamiento del melanoma maligno (MM), incluyendo quimioterapia, inmunoterapia e intervenciones según el estadio. Se discuten genes asociados como BRAF, tratamientos como vemurafenib, y estudios sobre fármacos inmunomoduladores como interferón e ipilimumab.
10. Comparacion Histórica de Casos de Melanoma Global Perspectives of Contemporary Epidemiological Trends of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Br J Dermatol 150(2):179-185, 2004 Age-adjusted melanoma incidence (per 100 000) in Australia, 1983-1999 (data from the National Cancer Statistics Clearing House at the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare). Age-adjusted (2000 U.S. standard population) melanoma incidence (per 100 000), nine registries, 1973-2000 (data from the SEER Program of the National Cancer Institute). Incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in the U.K., age-standardized to the European standard population (rates per 100 000 population)
11. Comparacion Histórica de Casos de Melanoma Global Perspectives of Contemporary Epidemiological Trends of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Br J Dermatol 150(2):179-185, 2004 Lifetime risk of developing malignant melanoma in the U.S.A.
12. Comparacion Histórica de Casos de Melanoma Global Perspectives of Contemporary Epidemiological Trends of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma. Br J Dermatol 150(2):179-185, 2004 Age-adjusted (2000 U.S. standard population) melanoma mortality rates (per 100 000), total U.S.A., 1969-2000 (data from the SEER Program of the National Cancer Institute) Age-standardized melanoma mortality rates in the U.K., 1971-2001, age-standardized to the European standard population (rates per 100 000 population)
22. Grb2 : Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 SOS: Gen codifica Son of Sevenless (Drosophila melanogaster) BRAF: Proteina isoforma del RAF (Proteinas Raf = Raf-1, A-Raf, B-Raf). MAPK: Mitogen Activated Protein via phosphorylation. However, Raf proteins may also be independently activated by other kinases.
30. Mecanismo de acción : Los efectos son idénticos a los de la interleukina IL-2 endógena. Interacciona con los receptores IL-2 de alta afinidad expresados en las células del sistema inmunológico y estimula la cascada de citokinas en las que están implicados los interferones, interleukinas y factor de necrosis tumoral. Como otras citokinas, induce la proliferación y diferenciación de células B y T, monocitos, macrófagos y linfocitos citotóxicos. Se cree que la actividad antitumoral resulta de la activación de los linfocitos citotóxicos, aunque el mecanismo exacto no se conoce. No está claro si actúa directamente o a través de un segundo mensajero, aunque sí se sabe que eleva la producción de IL-1, del FNT alfa y beta, del IFN gamma y de la IL-6. Modo de uso: Muy poco frecuente Cuidados especificos: Solo en areas de cuidados criticos Administracion continua Con infusion albumina Frecuentemente uso de inotropicos, antipireticos Inmunoterapia (farmacos moduladores de la respuesta inmune) IL-2
43. BRIM3: First-line Vemurafenib Significantly Improved OS and PFS vs Dacarbazine in BRAF V600E Mutation–Positive Metastatic Melanoma Multicenter, randomized, open-label phase III trial[
46. Activacion Cel T por Recept Cel T y Coestimulac a traves del CD28 Dendritic cell T cell MHC B7 TCR CD28 Antigen CTLA4
47. Recept CTLA4 son Up-Regulated tras activac Cel T Dendritic cell T cell MHC B7 TCR CD28 Antigen CTLA4
48. CTLA4 Modula Negativaly la activacion de Cel T Dendritic cell T cell MHC B7 TCR CD28 Antigen CTLA4
49. MAb que bloquea al CTLA4 permite señalizacion (+) desde la Coestimulacion a las cel T Dendritic cell T cell MHC B7 TCR CD28 Antigen CTLA4 Leach DR, Krummel MF, Allison JP. Enhancement of antitumor immunity by CTLA-4 blockade. Science 1996;271:1734-1736.
50. Ipilimumab: Mechanism of Action T cell TCR CTLA4 APC MHC B7 T-cell inhibition T cell TCR CTLA4 APC MHC B7 T-cell activation T cell TCR CTLA4 APC MHC B7 T-cell potentiation IPILIMUMAB blocks CTLA-4 CD28 CD28
51. NEJM y ASCO 2011 MDX-024 study F3 trial ipilimumab+DTIC vs DTIC en pac virgenes de tto MMM
52. MDX-024: Ipilimumab Plus Dacarbazine Shows Significant Survival Benefit Over Dacarbazine Alone as First-Line Treatment in Metastatic Melanoma Randomized, controlled, phase III trial
53. MDX-024: Ipilimumab Plus Dacarbazine Shows Significant Survival Benefit Over Dacarbazine Alone as First-Line Treatment in Metastatic Melanoma Randomized, controlled, phase III trial
Editor's Notes
People living in the high intensity range have a much greater chance of developing skin cancers. Australia has the highest occurrence of melanoma in the world, with 2 of 3 people developing melanoma. One of seven Americans will develop skin cancer.
The increase has been attributed to ozone depletion in the environment and the increase of people spending recreational time in the sun. Females who wear bikinis have a 13% higher risk of melanoma development than females who wear one-piece suits.
The increase has been attributed to ozone depletion in the environment and the increase of people spending recreational time in the sun. Females who wear bikinis have a 13% higher risk of melanoma development than females who wear one-piece suits.
The increase has been attributed to ozone depletion in the environment and the increase of people spending recreational time in the sun. Females who wear bikinis have a 13% higher risk of melanoma development than females who wear one-piece suits.
CTLA4 Receptors Are Up-Regulated Following T-Cell Activation CTLA4 is expressed in response to T-cell activation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) receptors are up-regulated and move to the cell surface following appropriate antigen stimulation of a T cell by a mature dendritic cell in the presence of a costimulatory signal (B7 binding to CD28)
CTLA4 Receptors Are Up-Regulated Following T-Cell Activation CTLA4 is expressed in response to T-cell activation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) receptors are up-regulated and move to the cell surface following appropriate antigen stimulation of a T cell by a mature dendritic cell in the presence of a costimulatory signal (B7 binding to CD28)
CTLA4 Receptors Are Up-Regulated Following T-Cell Activation CTLA4 is expressed in response to T-cell activation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) receptors are up-regulated and move to the cell surface following appropriate antigen stimulation of a T cell by a mature dendritic cell in the presence of a costimulatory signal (B7 binding to CD28)
CTLA4 Receptors Are Up-Regulated Following T-Cell Activation CTLA4 is expressed in response to T-cell activation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) receptors are up-regulated and move to the cell surface following appropriate antigen stimulation of a T cell by a mature dendritic cell in the presence of a costimulatory signal (B7 binding to CD28)