Python
A Comprehensive
Programming Language
胡崇偉
marr@citi.sinica.edu.tw
Open Source Software Foundry

自由軟體鑄造場
• 營運網站以提供自由軟體專案進駐開發
• 提供系統技術與工具以協助軟體開發
• 研究開放源碼軟體授權條款與法律政策
議題並提供諮詢
• 媒合促成以自由軟體為基礎的本地成功
案例
• 報導國內外產業及社群新聞
• 進行人才培育及國際交流活動

Service and Resource
專案管理

Service and Resource
共同筆記
檔案下載 版本管理
專案管理
通信論壇 待辦事項
統計資訊

Service and Resource
資源目錄 共同筆記 人才資料
檔案下載 版本管理
授權條款
專案管理 電子報
精靈
通信論壇 待辦事項
研究報告
統計資訊 推廣光碟
教學文件

軟體自由協會
• http://www.slat.org/
• 台灣推展軟體自由運動的社團法人
• 執行校園自由軟體應用諮詢中心計畫
• 協助社群代收贊助款項
• 舉辦研討會及推廣活動

Python ?

Python is a
Dynamic
Object-Oriented
Programming Language

Run-Time Typing
• Python's run time must work harder than Java's.
• a+b=?
– inspect the objects a and b to find out their type,
which is not known at compile time.
– 7 + 11.0
– ‘Hello’ + ‘world’
– (1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6)

>>> 是提示符號

Interactive with Interpreter
Edit
Debug Compile
Wait
Deploy Print Read
Eval
Read-Eval-Print Loop

Built-in DataTypes
• Number 7, 11.0
elements
elements
• String ‘Hello World’
• List [7, 11, ‘store’]
• Tuple (7, 11, ‘shop’)
• Dictionary {‘name’:’marr’, ‘home’:’taipei’}
keys

MIT to Try Python in CS Courses

Other Features
• Cross Platform and Porting
• Excellent Modules
• Small
• Efficient
• Popular

Nokia PyS60

Indexing and Slicing
0 1 2 7
[ ↓ ↓ ↓
-6
↓
-2 -1
↓ ↓
]
I L o v e P y t h o n
• myString = “I Love Python”
• myString[0] == “I”
• myString[-1] == “n”
• myString[7:-2] == “Pyth”

Code Indenting
• No explicit begin or end
• No curly braces
if age > 18:
print “You are old enough.”
else:
print “You are too young.”

Function Example
def myFunc(score):
“””
document strings
“””
import math
math.sqrt(score) * 10

File Handling
fileobj = open(“myfile”, “r”)
lines = fileobj.readlines()
for line in lines:
print line

Socket Creation
import socket
s = socket.socket(
socket.AF_INET,
socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(
("www.mysite.com", 80))

Twisted - Networking Engine
• A web server, numerous chat
clients, chat servers, mail servers
and more.
• Supported protocols: TCP, SSL,
multicast, HTTP, IMAP and more
• Sample apps: BitTorrent, CIA
Bot, BuildBot, apt-proxy2

RestructuredText
• http://docutils.sourceforge.net/
• Support Formats: HTML,XML,S5,LaTeX
• rst2html < myRST.txt > myRST.html

Version Control
• Mercurial

GUI Library and Toolkit

Wingware
IDE

Python Package Index

PyGame

PyGame

Blender

Elephants Dream

SQLAlchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
db =
create_engine(‘sqlite:///tutorial.db’)
metadata = MetaData(db)
users = Table(‘users’, metadata,
Column(‘user_id’, Integer,
primary_key=True),
Column(‘name’, String(40)),
)
users.create()
i = users.insert()
i.execute(name=‘marr’)

Web Frameworks

Python Hosting

Extending and Embedding
$ swig -python example.i
$ gcc -c example.c example_wrap.c
-I/usr/local/include/python2.1
$ ld -shared example.o example_wrap.o -o
_example.so
>>> import example
>>> example.fact(5)
120

Self Learning – Where to Start
• On-line Tutorial • Books
– Google ‘python tutorial’ – Better in English

Video Tutorials
• http://www.showmedo.com/
• http://www.youtube.com/
• http://video.google.com/
• http://www.blip.tv/

Local User Groups
• http://python.org.tw/
• http://planet.python.org.tw/
• Facebook: Python Taiwan
• Google Group: pythontw
• OpenFoundry Forums
• Hemidemi: python

Anytime, Anywhere
IPython
Google App Engine
http://shell.appspot.com/

Python-based CMS Case Study

Plone …
a CMS
Built on Zope
Written in Python

Blog (CoreBlog)

Portal (CIA, USA)

Portal (NASA, USA)

Network Management (ZenOSS)

Issue Tracker (Poi)

Download Installer
• http://plone.org/products/plone

Windows Installer

Windows Installer

Windows Installer

Plone Controller

Filesystem Listing
• Python
• Zope
• Plone
• Packages/Products
• Software Home
• Instance Home

One Database, Many Instances
HTTP Requests and Responses
port 8080 port 8081
ZEO Client #1 ZEO Client #2
Data.fs
Instance #1 Instance #2

Front Page

Zope Management Interface (ZMI)

Site Setup

Guest View

Authenticated View

-
Tip for Trying Out
Different Browsers
for
Different Users/Roles
One for Admin, Another for Regular User

Usecase #1
Create
a New User

Views Available After Login
• Personal Bar
• Content Views

Usecase #2
Create
New Contents
(Page)

Default Content Types
Page Image
News Item File
Event Link

Title to ID (Part of the URL)
↓

Visual Editor

Content States

Default State and Workflow

Roles and Permissions
View Add Edit Review
Manager ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Reviewer ✔ ✔ ✔
Member ✔ ✔ ✔
Non-Login ？

Core Security Mapping

Transaction and Undo

Usecase #3
Manage
Portlets

Usecase #4
Enable
OpenID Support

Usecase #5
Change Theme
(to NuPlone)

Free Themes

Better and Super Plone ?

Want More ?
Join the Community
and Develop !

Starting Points
• http://plone.org/documentation
• http://marrtw.blogspot.com/2009/04/plone3-books.html

SQL Database Connection
Z SQL Z SQL Z SQL Z SQL Z SQL Z SQL
Method Method Method Method Method Method
MySQL PgSQL ODBC
Database Database Database
Connection Connection Connection

Database Components
HTML WYSWYG Editor
Plone
DTML Page Template Site
Development
and
Search Interface Script Management
Z SQL Method
Database
Zope Connection
MySQLDA PsycopgDA ODBCDA Database
Gadfly Adapter
MySQL PostgreSQL MSSQL

Designer Friendly Templates
• Work with WYSIWYG editors
• Zope Page Template (ZPT)
– Template Attribute Language (TAL)
– Macro Expansion Tag Attribute Language (METAL)
XML Namespace
TAL statement
name body
Attribute Attribute Element
Name Value Content
<title tal:content="here/title">Page Title</title>

Theme Designers ?
• AJAX / jQuery Support
• KSS = Kinetic Style Sheets
• Deliverance
• Must Read
– Plone 3 Theming

Repeatable Development
editing running with
buildout.cfg bin/buildout
installed as
downloading checking into
product/
package *.egg Python
Package
*.tar.gz Index

Build Your Own Project
cd c:
C:plonepythonScriptspaster
create plone3_buildout
MyBuildout
cd MyBuildout
vim buildout.cfg
binbuildout.exe

buildout.cfg Sample
[buildout]
http-address = 8080
eggs =
Plone
my.package
zcml =
my.package
debug-mode = on

Summary
A Comprehensive CMS
通用型的內容管理系統
The Web CMS Report
Ideaware Report

Web CMS 2007
Technology Content Production Services
Standards Authoring & Transformation
Development Aggregation
Access Control Repository Services
Templating Metadata/Taxonomy Management
Page Rendering Globalization
Usability Promotion Path
Internationalization System Reporting
Content Delivery Services Vendor Intangibles
Personalization
Maintenance & Support
Site Search
Integration & Tech Partnerships
Scaling & Performance
Active User Groups
Multichannel & Syndication
Services & Channel
Content Retention
Product QA
User-Generated Content
Strategy & Roadmap
Micro-Applications
Good Value
Site Analytics

Active Community

Multilingual Support

Open Source Projects
ArgoUML
SchoolTool

Alternative Theming - Deliverance

Developer Baby Steps
• Python Script + External Method

Plone Hosting

Thank You !
Question?
Email to marr.tw@gmail.com