GRASS and OSGeo: a framework for archeology

GRASS GIS and OSGeo: A framework for archeology

http://www.foss4g2006.org/contributionDisplay.py?contribId=214&sessionId=54&confId=1 http://grass.osgeo.org/devel/grasshist.html GRASS: command line and graphical user interfaces 1982.. .. 1995 2007.. … today

GRASS6 spatial data types 2D raster maps and imagery 2D/3D topological vector maps 3D raster (voxels) volumes

GRASS6 functionality I

fully integrated 400+ modules
add-ons managed on Wiki + SVN

raster: 2D/3D map algebra, DEM analysis, flowtracing, buffers, neighbourhood analysis, solar, cost surfaces, covariance,

image : rectification, multispectral, radiometric correction, principal and canonical component analysis, reclassification

visualization : 2D display, 3D interactive visualization

GRASS6 functionality II

Vector : buffers, overlays, conversions, networks, linear referencing system, digitizing, topology, triangulation, voronoi polygons

DBMS : attribute management with SQL

Transformations : projections, raster-vector conversions, interpolation/approximation

Web Services

WMS support with r.in.wms
WFS support with v.in.wfs
KML/KMZ - Google Earth through v.out.ogr and r.out.gmap (in add-ons)

Connecting the OSGeo stack Spatial Analysis Modeling Portability, interoperability GRASS View Interact Teach Geostatistics Predictive modeling Database engine: Tables, attributes DBF vector raster External data Visualize Web Processing Service

GRASS GIS and QGIS QGIS Geodata Viewer with GRASS Toolbox, GPS Support and plugins... http://qgis.org

GRASS GIS: new graphical user interface Written in Python/wxWidgets

Intuitive usage
Powerful Future:
Cartography tool

Location Wizard Digitizer Attribute management

New Windows Installers: OSGeo4W and winGRASS stand-alone

Solar radiation: potential settlements Example for solar radiation model applied to modern GIS data Application in archeology: identification of well insolated sites for predictive modelling Jaro Hofierka University of Presov Monthly insolation Weekly insolation January kWh/m 2

Available Methods

Cell based statistics
Binning
Spatial approximation

- Smoothing Use cases: - Topographic analysis - Feature extraction (S eparation DEM/DSM) Multi-return Lidar H. Mitasova, NCSU M. Brovelli, PdM, Como Lidar data analysis in GRASS

Buildings imported from 2D SHAPE file Type based color classification Visualization: GRASS Extrusion to 3D: Using height attribute

Visualization: GRASS export to Paraview and Povray Povray rendering ( www.povray.org ): adding clouds and haze Additionally:

KML
KMZ output

Stereo rendering in Paraview ( www.paraview.org )

Data Prof. Tozzi (mapping 1985) Alignments OpenStreetMap roads „ Centuriazione“ - Arco: Lidar Data Centuriazione: Denis Francisci Lidar based DEM: Aut. Prov di Trento

Data Prof. Tozzi (mapping 1985) Alignments OpenStreetMap roads „ Centuriazione“ - Arco: Lidar Data Centuriazione: Denis Francisci Lidar based DEM: Aut. Prov di Trento GRASS: v.parallel, shaded relief, ...

Remote sensing with GRASS NDVI: used to show old Adige river sinuosity (Landsat7 based)

Remote sensing with GRASS False color image: used to show old Adige river sinuosity (Landsat7 based)

Viewshed analysis with GRASS New, extremely fast viewshed algorithm (yet in GRASS-Addons): r.viewshed Viewshed from Dos Trento Comparison on a 5m Lidar based DEM (left map) – calculation time: - r.los: 4.5h - r.viewshed: 18 sec (still small precision issue to be fixed)

v.vol.rst wcolumn=sigma_v From D. Francisci (2009): Fabric Analysis in Archaeology 2D Interpolation Contour lines 2D and 3D interpolation in GRASS 3D Interpolation (voxel) a b v

Geostatistics with GRASS and R R run inside a GRASS session reads and writes data from/to GRASS directly

A comparison of hiking paths in Val di Fassa, Italy Rot : existing path Blau : calculated with r.walk r.walk improved again in GRASS 6.5+ Arrival Start Autor: M. Franchi, “Young researchers wanted” award (PBZ, 2006) r.walk: Walking connectivity

Founded 4 th February 2006, Chicago http://www.osgeo.org OSGeo Foundation: Founding projects GRASS GIS

Open Source Geospatial Foundation – OSGeo www.osgeo.org Mission: To support the development of open source geospatial software and promote its widespread use. Founding projects (constituted in February 2006): GDAL/OGR, GeoTools, GRASS GIS, Mapbender, MapBuilder, MapGuide Open Source (Autodesk), MapServer, OSSIM Since Feb 2008: GRASS (and others) are official members Motivation: More that 200 GFOSS projects worldwide... … need for selection and organization: User oriented! Italian OSGeo Chapter: www.gfoss.it

www.osgeo.org

OSGeo: Open Source Geospatial Foundation

The OSGeo Landscape

OSGeo software development: Source Code Control Legal Aspects

License compatibility (e.g., GRASS: GPL)
Don't use code from books like “ Numerical Receipes in C ”!
Verify that 3 rd party contributions are clean
The employer has to agree if work time shall be used for
Free Software coding

Transparency and „peer review“ help to minimise any legal risk. Apache - OSGeo Foundation

Incubator phase
Graduation

http://incubator.apache.org/ http://www.osgeo.org/incubator

For a more detailed comparison, see e.g., http://www.spatialserver.net/osgis/ FOSS4G comparison table

www.mappinghacks.com http://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Library FOSS4G bookshelf www.spatialguru.com www.grassbooks.org 2005 2008 2009

http://grass.osgeo.org

Almost unlimited possibilities with GFOSS software
User levels : from newcomers to power users
Interoperability with other software packages, also in heterogeneous environments
GFOSS Quality : peer reviewed code, often with academic background
Support : Community – Mailing Lists, companies, freelancer, ...

Conclusions Markus Neteler Fondazione E. Mach (FEM) Centro Ricerca e Innovazione GIS and Remote Sensing Unit Sede Viote del Monte Bondone 38100 Trento, Italy http://gis.fem-environment.eu http://www.osgeo.org

License of this document This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/deed.en © 2009 Markus Neteler, Italy http://gis.fem-environment.eu [ OpenDocument file available upon request: neteler at cealp it ] License details: Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 You are free: - to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, - to make derivative works, - to make commercial use of the work, under the following conditions: Attribution. You must give the original author credit. Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above.