6. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
1995: HTML 2.0
Formalized the syntax and many of the
Rules that were already implemented.
7. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
1997: HTML 3.2
Largely ignored by browser manufacturers
Who began to implement their own tags.
8. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
1998: Web Standards Project
Pushed for standards adoption, added weight
to the W3C recommendations and promoted
standards-based browsers.
9. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
1999: HTML 4.0
Stabilized the syntax and structure of HTML,
became the standard for web authoring.
10. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
2000: XHTML 1.0
Designed to move HTML towards XML
DTDs often caused it to render as HTML
11. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
The growth of the web
High bandwidth connections increase, as does
the demand for multimedia and applications
driven by technology such as Flash and AJAX
work on XHTML 2.0 begins.
12. HTML Timeline
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
The rise of HTML5
2004: WHATWG begins what will become HTML5
2007: W3C charters new working group and adopts WHATWG’s work, renamed HTML5
2009: W3C does not renew the XHTML 2.0 charter
2010: Driven in large part by Apple and Google, public interest in HTML5 grows
19. HTML5 is an EVOLUTION, not a REVOLUTION
HTML5HTML4HTML3.2
XHTML2.0
20. Error Handling
• Previous specifications left error handling up to user agents
• XHTML 2.0 featured draconian error handling
• Pages would stop rendering if an error was found
• HTML5 features detailed algorithms for parsing error
21. New Features
• New semantic elements and attributes
• Built-in APIs to assist in building web applications
• Added support for audio and video
• HTML5 will reduce the need for plus-ins
22. DOCTYPE
HTML4
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" “http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
25. New Elements
<canvas>, <audio>, <video>, <source>,
<track>, <embed>, <header>, <nav>, <section>,
<article>, <aside>, <footer>, <details>,
<summary> and many others.