The Use of Ubiquitous Media in Politics

Outline • Examples of ubiquitous media in action • But it’s also about communication • Some views from the Internet world • Mixing internet and mobile • Discussion 2 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

History: ubiquitous media is here already! This weeks Tuesday was depressing Petri Salo had to day for Finnish guards, which may reassure publicly on have significant effects on the Tuesday that he isn’t future of industry. Already notarious a racists. Yle’s tv- company has now a reputation, as news had shown 21-old men posted YouTube-site video shoot previous one minute long film shooted in night where Salo Kontula mall with mobile phone. states his oppinions of The film didn’t left room for Somalis to a ”voter”. questions. Hannu Kuparinen, Suomen tietotoimisto 11.3.2007 Tommi Nieminen, Helsingin Sanomat 19.11.2006 Author’s own translation Author’s own translation 3 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

History: Applications and services http://www.reuters.com/youwitness http://julkaisuun.fi/ http://edition.cnn.com/ireport/ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking_point/default.stm 4 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

History: SMS and communication tool EC had been asked by an SMS SMS-activism is catching on, and public software developer, MDM I&C Co. opinion is generated at the push of a few whether sending SMS text buttons. But how effective is it? messages urging Thais to vote for A revolution can now be set off from the particular political parties were palm of our hands. SMS activists are banned under the electoral law. willing to press a few buttons to support The EC has allowed SMS a cause, voice an opinion or build an campaigning on the condition that agenda. Mobile phones have become an the texts did not offer benefit in instrument to spread political and social exchange for support, or defame messages. The Jessica Lal murder case other candidates or political parties, has shown this. Messages relating to a commission source said. blood donations and analyses of such Political SMS campaigning had been things as the petrol price hike or the widely used in South Korean reservation issue are not uncommon. elections in the past, MDM I&C's But pressing a few buttons to spread a chief of marketing, Seung Ho Choi message is one thing and going out of said. this virtual world to support causes is Thai News Service 17.1.2005 another. Asha Menon, The Hindu, 15.7.2006 5 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Internet and politics… • New ways to communicate • Youtube • Blogs • Games • Social networking • But there’s some things we need to think more • Echo chambers? • Digital divine? 6 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Internet & deliberative discussions • Rather many service have emerged • The succesfullness of these isn’t clear • Deliberative? • Siral of silence? • Critical mass? • How to actualize these effors, especially it the discussion is going on non-govermental site? 7 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Mixing Internet and Mobile Desktops benefits Desktop disadvanges • Supports wide range of multimedia • Needs to be started • Internet connectivity • Un-mobile • Familiar input methodology & good output Mobile phone benefits Mobile phone disadvanges • With you • Limited input & output • Robust • Battery • Power on most of the time • Network connectivity • Contextual • Limited support for applications • Sensor technologies 8 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Mixing internet and mobile • Take the benefits of both: mobile phone is contextual and with you while desktops have good input possibilities • Tought: people use the richest platform at hand; when one has access to desktop mobile phone becomes the secondary device • How about context aware discussion forum? • Alternative 1: Mobile phone collects data to customize view • Alternative 2: Application that alerts user when nearby a location under discussion in the forum & allow fast input of opinions or intrest. Later the same spot could be shown in the full website if user has shown intrest to that topic. 9 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Discussion: User comes first -- the adoption of e-voting is not a simple matter of evaluating objective benefits and threats and selecting the one and only optimal strategy. Instead, differences in social context matter. Countries, population, electoral systems, pubic attitudes, political and administrative arrangements vary widely and all these factors play a role in assessing the merits of e-voting in particular context. • While developing a new solution citizens (end-users) should be listened carefully: if they don’t trust the system or don’t see the benefits, why should they use it? 11 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

Discussion: Political engagement • There are several level of political commitment that we may have • It’s not just about voting! organization/mobilization • Where do these activities map in the wide range of political activism? • Would the contextual solution (or awareness/advoca even just ICT) make political participation easier? action/reactio cy n Vegh, S. (2001). Cyberactivism ? Online Activism in Theory and Practice, chapter Classifying Forms of Online Activism ? The Case of Cyber-protests agains the World Bank, pages 71-96. Routledge. 12 © 2008 Nokia Mindtrek_2008.ppt / 2008-10-07 / MN

The Use of Ubiquitous Media in Politics

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