The document discusses the OER university (OERu), an initiative that aims to provide free, open education opportunities to students worldwide using open educational resources (OERs). It outlines plans for OERu anchor partners to develop prototype courses in 2012 and formally launch the OERu in 2013. The OERu model aims to leverage existing OERs and open distance learning experience to provide affordable credentials at minimal cost by facilitating the recognition of prior OER learning among partner institutions. It discusses strategies for sustainable implementation through collaborative development, open licensing, and cost recovery from credential assessment services rather than course materials.

1. The OER university (#OERu)
Pacific innovation for more
affordable education for all
Wayne Mackintosh
Commonwealth of Learning
Chair in OER
Anthony Mackintosh

2. USP – An outstanding open education pioneer
Prof James Maraj
Former USP VC
Pacific region
represents
70% of OERu
Countries
USP
Public domain flags sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SVG_sovereign_state_flags

3. A return to tradition?
WE MUST BE FREE
Share, Remix, Reuse
“Legitimate plagiarism? ” WE MUST BE OPEN
Woodleywonderworks, http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/1291468732/

4. We don't need no education?
In the open source world,
we have a few of “rock stars”
In open education, is seems
everyone wants to be a rock star
Sharing to LEARN | Learning to SHARE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pink_floyd_live_8_london.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Opensource.svg Tradmark of opensource.org
4
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heckert_GNU_white.svg GNU logo used under FSF permissions

5. The OER Foundation
The Open Education Resource (OER) Foundation
is an independent, not-for-profit organisation that
provides leadership, networking and support for
educators and educational institutions to achieve
their objectives through Open Education.
“OER is a
sustainable and
renewable
resource”
OERs are materials used to support education that may be
freely accessed, reused, modified and shared by anyone.
Stephen Downes 2011

6. WikiEducator
We're turning
the digital divide
into digital
dividends using
free content
and open
networks. We
hope you can
help us.
Inaugural recipient of the
Voted best educational award for Exemplary Open
wiki, Steven Downes, Education Resource
Dec 2007 (OER) practices

8. OER is a renewable & sustainable resource
How do we achieve sustainable OER
projects?
How will your institution remain sustainable
without OER?
Jason Scragz http://www.flickr.com/photos/scragz/132300147/
James Woolley http://www.flickr.com/photos/xtrato/6159728957

9. Doing the OERu numbers
Cost of a 4-year degree
(Excluding text book and living costs)
OERu (USQ) Otago USA
(OERu using Polytechnic (Median Tuition
course- based (Tuition cost) cost 4-year
portfolio) public
university)
BA (Hons) US$6,759 US$19,452 US$26,312
(Note: USA figures based on Delta Cost Project for 2008)
OERu Model +30% of full-tuition cost (NZ U$5835; USP US$3000?)
“ As a founding anchor partner in the OERu, USQ is
proud to give students worldwide, the ability to
access university level courses and where cost has
been removed as a barrier to learning.”
Jan Thomas, Vice-Chancellor USQ
DaveBleasdale http://www.flickr.com/photos/sidelong/3465884519/in/photostream/
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203
James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122

10. Smart philanthropy
Giving is receiving
Parallel learning universe|New business
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203
James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122
James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122
Asenat29 http://www.flickr.com/photos/72153088@N08/6510934443/

11. Bootstrapping OERu for future sustainability
Design an ecosystem for mainstreaming OER
Compelling vision aligned with core university values
Open source everything
Generate competitive advantage for network partners
Leverage the network effect
Smart solutions for scalability – ie no new staff needed for growth
Minimise risk – recurrent cost for OERu partners is guaranteed
Don't innovate on too many fronts
11
Wayne Mackintosh, personal image

12. Reasons for joining the OERu

13. Strike the right balance
OPEN SUSTAINABLE
education = education
Quality
OER + OEP =
Cost Access
Pink Sherbet Photography: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pinksherbet/233228813/
Fdecomite: http://www.flickr.com/photos/fdecomite/2361500377/in/photostream/

14. Tragedy of the commons?
Shoulders of giants …
“They hang the man and flog the woman
Who steals the goose from off the common
But leave the greater villain loose
Who steals the common from off the goose.”
Anonymous protest poem 1764 or 1821.
Eben Moglen
Isaac Newton
Luis Steothis
Bernard Shouters
- Robert Merton
•
Anonymous note
Will the academy remain thirsty on the village green ?
Richard Taylor http://www.flickr.com/photos/34094515@N00/374081831/
Elliot Brown http://www.flickr.com/photos/ell-r-brown/with/4328818484/

15. Appropriating the public domain
Statute of Queen Anne
1709
Your copyRIGHT
© University of Auckland, Department of Anthropology, Anthropology Photographic Archive

16. Sharing knowledge freely
2008 Bourewa excavations
Directed by Prof Patrick Nunn
P. Nunn

17. Disruptive innovation?
The fundamentals
stay the same … just WE MUST BE FREE
the way we do WE MUST BE OPEN
business changes.”
June 22, 2009, Kodak
announced Kodachrome
would no longer be
manufactured.
Findicons http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camera_Icon.png
Kungfuman http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kodachrome_200.jpg

18. Innovation & new technology
Ice harvesting
Once the largest industry in America
In 1850 – invention of “artificial” ice makers
(Reusable) digital learning resources
Ice harvesting or new innovation?
ElementaryTechTeacher, http://www.flickr.com/photos/7855946@N08/3264547221/

19. Red Open Education herrings
RED HERRING
“rhetorical tactic
of diverting
attention away from
an item of
The sky is falling significance”
Wikipedia
Poor quality
(a.k.a poor quality
materials are embarrassing)
Andrew Gray http://www.flickr.com/photos/shimgray/2237055822/
Laurel Russwurm http://www.flickr.com/photos/laurelrusswurm/4132122784/#/ Slide 10

20. Awareness of open education concepts
The majority of educators are aware of the concepts of OER and
Creative Commons Licenses
International 78% 22%
Did you know about the concept
of OER before today?
New Zealand 92% 8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No / Not sure
International 82% 18%
Did you know about
Creative Commons licenses
before today? New Zealand 84% 16%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No / Not sure

21. Reuse, use and knowledge of CC
International 78% 22%
Have you used Creative Commons
Content before?
New Zealand 92% 8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No / Not sure
International 82% 18%
Have you applied a Creative Commons
license before?
New Zealand 84% 16%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No / Not sure
Self evaluation of knowledge of
Interational 61% 32% 7%
Creative Commons
licenses
New Zealand 48% 28% 24%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Beginner Intermediate Advanced

22. Open policy and copyright exceptions for education
Majority agreement that learning materials funded from public money should
be released freely and majority support for educational copyright exceptions
International 95% 5%
Content funded from taxpayer
revenue should be released freely
for use by everyone New Zealand 96% 4%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree
International 81% 19%
It is fair and reasonable for educators
to have unrestricted permissions to
COPY materials for New Zealand 72% 28%
teaching & learning
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree

23. Perceived barriers to OER adoption
International 22% 78%
I'm reluctant to share teaching materials
because I don't have time
New Zealand 12% 88%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree
International 22% 78%
I'm reluctant to share teaching materials
because there are no incentives
for me to do so New Zealand 12% 88%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree
International 13% 87%
I'm reluctant to use OER because
there is no guarantee of the
quality New Zealand0% 100%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree

24. The business of open education
Majority opinion of educators suggests that institutions generate competive
advantage through the learning services they offer (not the teaching materials)
International 22% 78%
Education institutions which give away
teaching materials will loose their
competitive advantage (e.g. reduced New Zealand 12% 88%
student registrations)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Agree Disagree

25. OERu
A model reincarnated?
University of London
External System
OPEN web
OPEN IP
Today the original “examination-only” concept
suddenly looks very modern – Sir John Daniel
Captain-tucker
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danaus_plexippus_emerging_from_chrysalis_01.jpg
Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg
Derek Ramsey: WMF Commons: File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Pupation_2419px.jpg
Armon: WMF Commons File:Monarch_Butterfly_Chrysalis.JPG

26. The OER university concept
Free learning
opportunities for
all students
Adapted from Taylor 2007 worldwide

27. The BIG & small context
Unsatisfied demand
OER cost behaviours
Growing OER base
Free-tuition courses
Existing protocols
(e.g. APL)
Jimmy Flink http://www.flickr.com/photos/jimmyroq/146827389/
juicyverve http://www.flickr.com/photos/juicyverve/2531105062/
bucklava http://www.flickr.com/photos/9229859@N02/2762432629/
Francisca Uloa http://www.flickr.com/photos/alosojos/346887379/

28. Unsatisfied demand for HE
100 million additional places
By 2025
Slide 10
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/sizes/m/in/photostream/

29. Slide 16

30. Cost levers for OERu
Marginal
Cost
=
ZERO
Collaborative development
=
Cheaper than going it alone
Luis Argerich http://www.flickr.com/photos/lrargerich/3029485203
James Cridland http://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/2272701122

31. So what have we got? ...
INPUTS for the OERu logic model:
OpenCourseWare
Open Access Journals
OER and OEP
Open Distance Learning experience
Open protocols for APL
Melissa Sanders http://www.flickr.com/photos/themissiah/3491328675/
Ricky http://www.flickr.com/photos/8656572@N04/4855311898/

32. The OER university concept
Free learning
opportunities for
all students
Adapted from Taylor 2007 worldwide

33. OERu – Logic model & plan for action
23 Feb 2011
http://wikieducator.org/OERu +200 participants
+46 Countries

34. The OERu logic model

36. OERu 2011.11 meeting of anchor partners
160 people from
41 countries
OERu anchor partner decisions
Bachelor of general studies
Prototype courses during 2012
Formal launch of the OERu 2013
Slide 16

37. The view from an OERu partner
Traditional model OERu model

38. Open planning for open education futures
Remote Tweets: @dendroglyph
The cast of players at OERu
meeting gives this event and its
outcomes instant credibility
I can feel the buzz in the room in
Dunedin, NZ. Let the Genie out of
the bottle!
Public domain and free content images sourced from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

39. Rules of the OERu game ...
OERTen partners agree ...
Credential OER learners (cost recovery)
Assemble minimum of 2 OER-based courses (for agreed credential)
Course credit transfer among OERu partners (for agreed credential)
Gold or silver member of the OER Foundation
Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/

40. Mechanics of OERu operations ...
OERu does not confer degrees (anchor partners do)
OERu anchor partners retain decision-making autonomy, eg:
- Price for assessment and credential services
- Local matriculation requirements
- Courses and credentials provided under OERu network
Recognition of prior learning (RPL) protocols provide
precedent for recognising OER learning, however:
- Existing RPL systems are expensive
- Don't scale well.
Dawn Huczek: http://www.flickr.com/photos/31064702@N05/4697850589/in/photostream/

41. Technology requirements to set learning free
Open planning and development
Collaborative development environment
Support multiple delivery platforms (LMSs CMSs)
Scalability
Detailed version control
Major Nelson: http://flickr.com/photos/majornelson/134012349/ Slide 19

42. Open planning and implementation

43. OERu course materials in WikiEducator

44. Online and print-based delivery
Blogs LMS

45. OERu learning environment

46. Peer learning support
Ask OERu

47. Calibrating sustainable innovation …
Next steps …
No new money required
Recurrent cost recouped
OERu is low cost, low risk
But high IMPACT innovation
Dongio: Watercolour painter dedicated to the public domain
Slide 20
Hugiene Matters http://www.flickr.com/photos/hygienematters/4273036775/

48. Free learning for all students worldwide
“This is not theoretical speculation,
it is entirely viable.” Jim Taylor AM
You are free to join us ...
Paul (Dex) http://www.flickr.com/photos/dexxus/3146028811/
Compilation: Chad Miller, James Almond, Wayne Mackintosh
See: http://wikieducator.org/File:OER-University-concept.png

49. Crossing the OER chasm
Sharing to LEARN | learning to Share
Embrace your responsibility to lead
A transformational leadership dilemma ....
All that is necessary for the closed
and unsustainable education systems
to triumph is for good organisations
to do nothing. Edmund Burke
(Paraphrased)
OER advocates | Organisational implementation