Location Intelligence
Daniel Munyan, CTO Identity Labs

Evolution of Location Tech
• Humans have been trying to find out where they are relative to
the earth for over 8,000 years
• The world’s first map is of a city in Turkey in 6500BC
• Astrolabe: Longitude: 150BC
• Compass: Direction: China – 1000AD, Europe – 1300AD
• Sextant: Latitude: 1730
• Chronometer: Longitude: 1750
• Quartz Clock: Longitude, Distance, Velocity: 1928
• Terrestrial Radio Navigation: LORAN, GEE,: 1930s and 40’s
• Global Radio Navigation: OMEGA: 1968-1997
• First global positioning system
• NAVSTAR: 1978:Global Positioning Satellites
• Longitude, Latitude, Altitude
• All weather capability
• WAAS: 2000: Wide Area Augmentation System
• L2C: 2005: Next Generation GPS accurate to two meters
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Importance of Location
• Position: Current Location: In space and time
• Navigation/Tracking: Destination Location: Point to Point
• Boundaries: Absolute Location: Establishing parameters
• Association: Relative Location: Health & Safety, Security
• Context: Logical Location: Business Workflow
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Importance of Location TO YOU
• The beginning of understanding your distributed environment.
– Relative to power and signal infrastructure, suppliers, customers, competition
• The core of health & safety as well as security
– Relative to employees, contractors, visitors, first responders, intruders
– In an emergency – without visibility – at night – during an evacuation
– When people and dangerous vehicles or mobile assets interact
• Vital to understanding efficiency and productivity
– Relative to assets in motion – inside and outside of the facility
– Relative to manufacturing processes, logistics, or transportation
• Provides a foundation to build upon with other sensor
information
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Location Usage & Examples
• Location for Position:
– Tracking for Underground Coal Mines
– US DOD Soldier Position
• Location for Navigation/Tracking:
– Customer/Application: AEG/ASO: Wireless GPS Object Field Tracking
• Amgen Tour of California, Tour de France
• Location for Boundaries:
– Warehouse Zone-Based Safety Systems
• Location for Association:
– Video Analytics
– Hybrid Solutions
• Location for Context:
– Location as part of an Identity and Resource Management Platform
– Example: Lifetime tracking of Uranium enrichment canisters in motion and at rest
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Location Technology
• GPS: Anywhere on Earth in the out of doors
• WiFi: Cities and Facilities
• Ultra Wide Band Radar: Large contiguous areas
• Ultra Wide Band Radio: Underground mines
• Active RFID: Container Ships, Vehicles
• Passive RFID: At choke points and portals
• Video Analytics: Human Observable
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Location Intelligence Standards
• Real Time Location Systems: ISO/IEC 24730 Parts 1&2
– Governing Body: International Standards Organization
– Governs Air Interface Protocol and API Specifications
– Active & Passive RFID, WiFi
• FCC Title 47 CFR Part 15
– Governing Body: Federal Communications Commission (US), and similar national orgs.
– Governs Radio Frequency Devices
– Power, Transmission, Band and Antenna of unintentional radars
– Impacts the use Ultra Wide Band Radar for location tracking
• NMEA 0183
– Governing Body: National Marine Electronics Association
– Combined electrical and data specification for communication between marine electronic
devices such as depth finders, navigation instruments, and GPS receivers
– Impacts all GPS Receivers and the interface to communicate geographic location
information
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Location Technology - GPS
• Funded by and controlled by the U. S. DOD
• Specially coded satellite signals processed in a GPS
receiver, enabling the receiver to compute position, velocity
and time
• Four GPS satellite signals are used to compute positions in
three dimensions and the time offset in the receiver clock
• Space Segment: GPS satellites
• Control Segment: Tracking stations worldwide
• User Segment: Receiver and mapping program
• +/- 3 meter accuracy with commercial GPS
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CSC Example:
Amgen Tour of California
GPS + GSM/GPRS Transforms Location into Tracking
Tying
Tracking to
Video
Three Dimensional Capabilities Bird’s Eye View – Ground Level Data
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CSC Example:
Amgen Tour of California
Robust Infrastructure Complete Communications System
State of the Art Hardware
Ongoing
• Sensor Device: SANAV GC-101
Media
• GPS technology
Venues
• GSM/GPRS/SMS Communications
• Operation time: Battery alone: 24hrs
• Device Size: 45(W) x 66(L) x 25(H) mm
• Weight: 85g
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CSC Example:
Proposed Tour de France Solution
New Functionality
•Sub 5 second updates
•Team/Rider Focus
•Photos and info on
riders
•Elevation Map
•Course Overview Map
•“Tivo-like” Functions
•Record/Replay
•Go back/Catch up
•Re-watch races
•Change Angle, height,
orientation
•Restore Default View
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Location Technology –
WiFi
•Standard WiFi Radio Interface used for network interface
•Uses an active RFID tag to broadcast signal
•The signal is received by standard wireless access points
• Location based on TDOA and RSSI methods
•1-3 meter accuracy
Real-time Location Presence Choke-point
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Location Technology –
WiFi
Presence Choke-point
Real-time Location
WIP inventory X is at Tool X is in the north Finished inventory X
workstation Y end of facility Y has exited the facility
Container X is in slot Y Forklift X is in the north Truck X entered the
end of warehouse Y terminal 20/04/2007 14:16:30 CSC Proprietary

Location Technology –
Ultra Wide Band Radar
•Very low power wireless communication technology
•Transmits data in extremely short pulses
•Large data bursts (hundreds of gigabits per second)
•Wide range of frequencies
•Very low interference with other devices
•Very resistant to electrical interference from other devices
•UWB can penetrate walls
•FCC restricted to between 3.1 and 10.6 gigahertz
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Location Technology –
Ultra Wide Band Radar
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CSC Example:
Proposed BHP Billiton Open Pit
Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Radar for Above Ground Everything Tracking
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g 20/04/2007 14:16:30 CSC Proprietary

Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID)
A type of Auto-ID technology that uses radio waves to
automatically identify individual objects
• A Family of Technologies
• Technology developed in 1940s
• Early application starting in
1980s
– Livestock tag and trace
– Toll Road Passes
– Security Access Cards
• Smart Labels — 1998
– The current RFID buzz is about Smart Labels
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CSC Example: Active RFID
Rio Tinto Underground Traffic Control
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Video Analytics: Vistascape
Perspective Enhances Location Intelligence
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Video Analytics
Secure Sentient Environment
Integrated Technologies of Location Provide Accountability
•Identification
•Credentials
•In/Out Board
•Missions/Networks
•Pan-Tilt-Zoom View
•Single Interface
•Open to new sensors
•CSC-Developed
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Industry Example: 3VR
Location with History Provides Analysis
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Location Intelligence - Takeaways
•Location is key to understanding the distributed enterprise
•Location is important to protecting employees & contractors
•Location provides a perspective with economic value
•Location technology has reached a point of critical mass
•Location solutions are dropping in cost as never before
•Location technology is the least invasive identity technology
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Experience. Results.
Thank you.