Living Systems. eukaryotes. best pix. figures1.ppt

Slide 1: Integrating video into your lecture In addition to the media on this CD, you can also play videos from these products in the classroom: B) The Student CD for Starr’s Biology (bound in envelope in front of text): contains lecture-launching videos corresponding to each chapter’s Impacts, Issues essay. The video for this chapter is: What Am I Doing Here? (filename: csPersGulf.mov) C) Digitized CNN Today Video (available free from your sales representative upon adoption, also available on videotape): available in year-by-year volumes. The list of CNN videos corresponding to this chapter is found online (put this slide into Slide Show view to make this link clickable). To create links to a video on a CD from your lecture: Click to view 5) Click on edge of button at right, then copy it. video. 6) Open your lecture in Normal View and paste button into your lecture slide. 7) Click the edge of button (yellow diamond will appear). 8) Under Insert in main menu, select “Hyperlink…” Under “Action on click,” select “Hyperlink to,” then select “Other File…” from the pulldown menu below it. 9) You will be prompted to find the movie. Find the CD drive (Windows: on My Computer; Mac: on Desktop), open the CD contents and find movie by name. Some files may be nested in folders (the Impacts, Issues video is located in a folder called Media). Select file of interest, then click OK. 10) Save your PPT lecture file. Transfer file to computer in classroom and insert CD into that computer. 11) When in Slide Show mode, the green button will launch movie when clicked. Before class, check to see if this link works on the classroom computer. If not: a) Is QuickTime installed in classroom computer? b) On Windows, is the the drive letter the same as on your personal computer (usually “D”)? If not,

Slide 2: Introduction

Slide 4: p.2a

Slide 5: p.2b

Slide 6: p.3a

Slide 7: p.3b

Slide 8: p.3c

Slide 9: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 10: atom Smallest unit of an element that still retains the element’s properties. Electrons, protons, and neutrons are its building blocks. This hydrogen atom’s electron zips around a proton in a spherical volume of space. Fig. 1-1a, p.5

Slide 11: molecule Two or more joined atoms of the same or different elements. “Molecules of life” are complex carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA. Only living cells now make them. Fig. 1-1b, p.4

Slide 12: cell Smallest unit that can live and reproduce on its own or as part of a multicelled organism. It has an outer membrane, DNA, and other components. Fig. 1-1c, p.4

Slide 13: tissue Organized aggregation of cells and substances interacting in a specialized activity. Many cells (white) made this bone tissue from their own secretions. Fig. 1-1d, p.4

Slide 14: organ Structural unit made of two or more tissues interacting in some task. A parrotfish eye is a sensory organ Fig. 1-1e, p.5 used in vision.

Slide 15: organ system Organs interacting physically, chemically, or both in some task. Parrotfish skin is an integumentary system with tissue layers, organs such Fig. 1-1f, p.5 as glands, and other parts.

Slide 16: multicelled organism Individual made of different types of cells. Cells of most multicelled organisms, including this Red Sea parrotfish, are organized as tissues, Fig. 1-1g, p.5 organs, and organ systems.

Slide 17: population Group of single-celled or multicelled individuals of the same species occupying a specified area. This is a fish Fig. 1-1h, p.5 population in the Red Sea.

Slide 18: community All populations of all species occupying a specified area. This is part of a coral reef in the Gulf of Aqaba at the northern end of the Red Sea. Fig. 1-1i, p.5

Slide 19: ecosystem A community that is interacting with its physical environment. It has inputs and outputs of energy and materials. Reef ecosystems flourish in warm, clear seawater throughout the Middle East. Fig. 1-1j, p.5

Slide 20: the biosphere All regions of the Earth’s waters, crust, and atmosphere that hold organisms. In the vast universe, Earth is a rare planet. Without its abundance of free-flowing water, there would be no life. Fig. 1-1k, p.5

Slide 21: molecule cell tissue organ organ system atom Stepped Art Fig. 1-1, p.4

Slide 22: multicelled population community ecosystem organism the biosphere Stepped Art Fig. 1-1, p.4

Slide 23: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 24: Fig. 1-2, p.6

Slide 25: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 26: Fig. 1-3a, p.6

Slide 27: Fig. 1-3b, p.6

Slide 28: Fig. 1-3c, p.6

Slide 29: Fig. 1-3d, p.6

Slide 30: Fig. 1-3e, p.6

Slide 31: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 32: energy input (mainly sunlight) producers (plants and other self-feeding organisms; they make their own food from simple raw materials) nutrient cycling consumers, decomposers (animals, most fungi, many protists, many bacteria that can’t make their own food) energy output (mainly metabolic heat) Fig. 1-4, p.7

Slide 33: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 34: Fig. 1-5, p.7

Slide 35: Bacteria Archaea Eukarya (EUBACTERIA) (ARCHAEBACTERIA) (EUKARYOTES) Fig. 1-6, p.8

Slide 36: • Organisms are grouped together based on descent from a shared ancestor • Three domains exist: Eubacteria Archaebacteria Eukaryotes (Bacteria) (Archaea) (Eukarya) Stepped Art Fig. 1-6, p.8

Slide 37: Click to view animation. animation

Slide 38: p.9c

Slide 39: Fig. 1-7f, p.8

Slide 40: Fig. 1-7a, p.8

Slide 41: Fig. 1-7b, p.8

Slide 42: Fig. 1-7c, p.8

Slide 43: Fig. 1-7d, p.8

Slide 44: Fig. 1-7e, p.8

Slide 45: p.9a

Slide 46: p.9b

Slide 47: p.9d

Slide 48: p.9e

Slide 49: p.9f

Slide 50: p.9g

Slide 51: p.9h

Slide 52: Fig. 1-8a, p.10

Slide 53: Fig. 1-8b, p.10

Slide 54: Stepped Art Fig. 1-8b, p.10

Slide 55: Fig. 1-8c, p.10

Slide 56: p.11

Slide 57: Make Prediction If Olestra® potato chips cause intestinal distress then people who eat them will get cramps CONTROL GROUP EXPERIMENTAL GROUP Gets regular Gets Olestra potato chips potato chips Perform experiment Eat potato chips Eat potato chips Analyze results 93 of 529 people (17.6%) 89 of 563 people (15.8%) suffer from cramps later suffer from cramps later About the same number of people in each group get cramps Draw conclusion Eating Olestra potato chips does not cause intestinal distress Fig. 1-9, p.12

Slide 58: Draw samples from some aspect of nature CONTROL GROUP EXPERIMENTAL GROUP The variable being The variable being tested is absent tested is present Compile results Compile results Compare and analyze the test results Report on experimental design, test results, and conclusions drawn from results Stepped Art Fig. 1-9, p.12

Slide 59: p.12

Slide 60: Fig. 1-10a, p.13

Slide 61: Control Group Experimental Group 34 H. cydno 46 H. cydno individuals individuals with yellow markings with white markings Experiment Both yellow and white forms of H. cydno butterflies are introduced into isolated one of the agents rain forest habitat of yellow of selection H. eleuchia butterflies. Numbers of individuals resighted recorded on a daily basis for two weeks. Results Experimental group (H. cydno individuals without yellow wing markings) is selected against. 37 of the original group of 46 white butterflies disappear (80%), compared Fig. 1-10c, p.13 with 20 of the 34 yellow controls (58%).

Slide 62: Table 1.1 Summary of Life’s Characteristics Shared characteristics that reflect life’ s unity 2. All life forms contain “molecules of life” (complex carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). 2. Organisms consist of one or more cells. 3. Cells are constructed of the same kinds of atoms and molecules according to the same laws of energy 4. Organisms acquire and use energy and materials to survive and reproduce. 5. Organisms sense and make controlled responses to conditions in their internal and external environments. 6. Heritable information is encoded in DNA. 7. Characteristics of individuals in a population can change over generations; the population can evolve. Foundations for life’s diversity 2. Mutations in DNA give rise to variations in traits, or details of body form, function, and behavior 2. Traits enhancing survival and reproduction become more common in a population over generations. This process is called natural selection. 3. Diversity is the sum total of variations that accumulated in different lines of descent over the past 3.9 billion years. Table 1-1, p.14

Slide 63: p.15

Slide 64: Fig. 1-11a, p.16

Slide 65: Fig. 1-11b, p.16

Slide 66: Fig. 1-11c, p.16

Slide 67: Fig. 1-11d, p.16

Slide 68: p.17

Slide 69: Click to view animation. animation