LVTB Feasibility Study 110608

RK HO LLOW RD MATSO RD N ORME RD RTE. 30E RAMP to RTE. 30W ADAM S VI EW LN RO UTE 25 9 IDLEWILD RO LN UTE 30 WILPEN RD MALLARD LN STEINHILPER CIR BRIG NUTMEG LN DEED AD MUN RAM.P E LN S RTE 30W .to ICIP RD RTE AL 30E PARK GRAV OLD DR EL HI JOY LN LINCO LL RD MCCARTNEY LN WAY LN GER HUMM SIN HW JUNIPER Y INGB DR IRD LN LAKE LNNT LN SHYLOHS LN 30W to RT30E RAMP RT UTE 711 STRAWBE RO ELK LN LN RRY LN ER OH MEN DU SPRINGER RD PEOPLE GA CAREY SCHO N LN KALA 3RD SSAY S RD DR ST 2ND OL RD ST WAL NU T RD ST LTIC BA HU LN LN WK OAKS TCH TWO MILE HA PINE DR RUN RD MO IEW LN LINDE OAKV LN DI AN NWOO D DR WES TALL TIMBER MAIN ST TVIE WD R DR MEA DO ST CLAIR CIR W DR D ST FERR FAIRFIEL RA MPA Y LN RT LN NICELY RD FO BURD T ST RB DELA KE N ST MAR ES ST WA UT MCGO DR ST WARE DR WA LN SHAKER FISH ST ER HILLSIDE AVE LN EL DR S TAVE PE RR GREGG LL LAUR YW BE OO DS LN FR AN KL IN ST SUNN YLED GE LN DR SUMMIT RD RM EY FA KINS MO UN TA IN RD BRICKY R LN ARD LN CO STONE BO O R ED YD LS PR TT LN FR MA IN LO IEN GS AR N LN IN DS LN CH ST HIP FANT EE GR LN ER ASY EV BOUCHE LN R LN LN VIL AN HI AC RE DR RD MAN FREE RA MP RT30 W ILD E to VIE W RT30 DR W W ILLO W LN OFF BRID GE LN DR LN LIER RN BRAL SATU SU WATTSWOOD NSE T LN SCEN GALAXY LN IC VIE W LN PETE RS RD LN COBB LN ES LEST CR ONE PE NA LN EE TE GR RS RD EDGE SUNRISE OLD MONT WOOLLEY HWY LINCO FOX LN LN BU RD ELL LN SADDLEBROOK LN DO LN RN ICK HIL L LN LN N LN STUM P JUMPER ASPE RD 11 AS PALMER E7 OM UT TH RO DR VISTA LN EDGE PRESIDEN MONT PH EA TS DR RD SA NT CIR A LN ONEID STIRL ING Ligonier Valley Trail & HALL ME RC UR MU Y LN LBER RY LN BAYW OO Bikeway Feasibility Study D LN LN ACH ECO STAG VE NU BUDD A S LN M Y LN RS LN Ligonier, PA ROLLING ROCK LN ER WEI ICA MER AVE S LN D LN ERWOO WOND ARMOUR ST T CA LIFO RN June 2011 IA AV E LN ROCK WA ING LN ROLL UT LN FIS H HA TC Prepared by: HE RY LN GAI Consultants, Inc. SPRI NGER 385 East Waterfront Drive BTM Homestead, PA 15120-5005 HU NTLA 412.476.2000 ND DO WNS LN CO UN TRY CLU BRD WYC RECTOR 1 E 38 OFF LN RD ROUT AZALEA LN DAFFOD APPLE LILAC TREE IL LN LN LN SN HOLLY OW LN JACOB MA N LN WEAV MIL LONE BYERS LER RD LN ER MI STAR LL RD LN HONEYS UCKLE GE LN LN ORAN TULIP LN LE LN LAUREL M DA DREA OLD LINN RUN RD MOUNTAI N CAMP LINN RUN RD RD

Prepared for:Ligonier Township Recreation BoardOne Municipal DriveLigonier, PA 15658724.238.2725Ligonier Valley Trail &Bikeway Feasibility StudyLigonier, PAJune 2011Prepared by:GAI Consultants, Inc.385 East Waterfront DriveHomestead, PA 15120-5005412.476.2000 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPROJECT PARTNERS ADVISORY COMMITTEELigonier Township, Ligonier Borough & Loyalhanna Wa- Drew Banas – Loyalhanna Watershed Associationtershed Association Diane Cipa – The Closing Specialists Sharon Detar, Bob Gangawere, Bill Bright, Cathi GrahamPROJECT FUNDED BY & Elizabeth McCall – Ligonier Township RecreationRichard King Mellon Foundation BoardTHE COMMUNITY Richard Flickinger – Law Offices of Flickinger & BarrFriends of the Ligonier Valley Trail Paul Fry & Sam Banales – Ligonier BoroughPublic Meeting Attendees Barbara Golden Olga Herbert – Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor Michael Kuzemchak – Western Pennsylvania Conservancy Monty Murty – Trout Unlimited James Pillsbury, MS, PE – Westmoreland County Conservation District Bridget Shirey – Holy Trinity School Malcom Sias – Westmoreland County Parks & Roads/ Regional Trail Corporation Tracy Stack – DCNR Rose Stepnick – Project Manager Joshua Zakovitch – PennDot District 122 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Table of ContentsIntroduction .....................................................................................5Section A: Project Context & Corridor Analysis ..............................9Section B: Trail & Bikeway Alignment ...........................................21 B.1: North Route ...........................25 B.2: Town Route ...........................35 B.3: West Route ............................45 B.4: East Route .............................51 B.5: South Route ...........................55 B.6: Future Expansion ...................59Section C: Bike Wayfinding & Signage ..........................................63Section D: Budgeting & Construction ............................................69Appendix ........................................................................................87 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 3

4 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Introduction Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 5

HISTORY OF THE LVTBThe Ligonier Township Recreation Board was formed in Hospital. By this time, more public interest was being2001 as an advisory board to the Ligonier Township Su- shown by the general community of the Ligonier Valley,pervisors. since the majority of bikers were packing up their bicycles and heading to other nearby trails in the region. TheIn 2002, the Board discussed the concept of putting a Board decided that there was a need to develop a trail forhiking/biking trail in Ligonier Township that would ben- health and recreation opportunities, and also to promoteefit the recreation and health of the community. A public the benefits of the Ligonier Valley. In 2004, the process ofsurvey was conducted, and it received an overwhelming, obtaining funding to conducte a feasibility study began.positive response. Westmoreland County Parks and Rec-reation was contacted, which informed the Board that The original goal of the Board was to develop a trail fromthere was a lack of trails in eastern Westmoreland County. Weller Field to Wilpen, the Loyalhanna Gorge, Fort Palm-In fact, the County’s trail masterplan did not include the er, New Florence, and beyond.Ligonier Valley. This feasibility study is the culmination of a six-year ef-In 2003, the Board looked at the health benefits of the fort to plan a trail network in the Ligonier Valley. For thetrail concept and partnered with PATH of the Latrobe Area development of the trail, it is only the beginning.6 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

VISION A community project that continues a County, State, and National awareness of the need for public outdoor recreation while promoting “open space”, health benefits, economic enhancement, environmental and historical education and preservation. GOALS To develop a Feasibility Study for Phase Two of the Li- gonier Valley Trail & Bikeway to guide future design improvements and grant funding initiatives. This study will dramatically expand the existing Phase One trail network in all directions and connect residents and visitors to regional recreational, commercial, historical, and cultural amenities. PROCESS • prepare base mapping to study potential trail alignments • evaluate existing conditions and constraints • identify a primary route for the trail, and alternate routings • identify property acquisition for the trail right-of-way • prepare planning level cost estimates, and construction schedules • determine regulatory approvals and permits PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT As part of the process, a public meeting was held at the Ligonier Township Municipal Building in Ligonier on Mon- day, December 6, 2010. The evening was kicked off by David Kahley, CEO of the Progress Fund, who talked about the economic benefit of trail towns along the Great Allegheny Passage. He was followed by Todd Brant, Landscape Architecture Manager of GAI Consultants, who presented the preliminary find- ings of the feasibility study. The group engaged in a lively discussion following the presentations. Feedback from the community has been incorporated into this final report.Above: Phase One of the Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayBelow: Public meeting held on December 6, 2010 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 7

Old Linc oln High NORTH: way Township WEST: Idlewild 271 ek Cre Mill 711 30 Lo ya lha nn TOWN: a Cr Ligonier ee k SOUTH: SAMA 30 711 EAST: Route 381 O ld Li nc ol n Hi 381 gh wa yPROJECT STUDY AREAThe scope of this study is for Phase Two of the Ligo- • East Section – From Ligonier Borough (intersectionnier Valley Trial & Bikeway. It builds upon Phase One, a of Bell Street and East Main Street), along the Oldhalf-mile section of shared-use trail constructed from the Lincoln Highway Corridor paralleling Route 30, to thenorth shore of Mill Creek at Weller Field, north along a intersection with Route 381.dedicated easement to the intersection with People Road. • South Section – From Ligonier Borough (intersec-This section of trail was built in fall 2010. The project tion of Loyalhanna Street and South Market Street),study area is organized in the following five sections: along Route 711, to the Southern Alleghenies Mu- seum of Art on Boucher Lane. • North Section – From the Phase One trail intersection at Peoples Road and ending at the Ligonier In addition to Phase Two, future expansion and concep- Township Municipal Building. tual routings to the Ligonier Valley Railroad Museum/Loy- • Town Section – The limits of Ligonier Borough. alhanna Gorge (west), Laughlintown (east), and Linn Run • West Section – From Ligonier Borough (intersec- State Park (south) are also included. This would potential- tion of West Main Street and Springer Road), along ly be Phase Three of the Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway. the Old Lincoln Highway Corridor paralleling Route 30, to Idlewild Park.8 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION A:Project Context &Corridor Analysis Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 9

Wilpen Youngstown Ligonier Laughlintown RectorCONTEXTThe Ligonier Valley is located in Westmoreland Countynestled in the mountains of the Laurel Highlands. TheValley is comprised of the Borough of Ligonier and Ligo-nier Township. The Township entirely surrounds, but doesnot include the Borough. Their combined population isroughly 8,700 according to the 2000 census.Nearby municipalities include Latrobe and Youngstownabout ten miles to the northwest, Wilpen to the northeastapproximately four miles, Laughlintown three miles to thesoutheast, and Rector about five miles to the south.Fort Ligonier was built by British forces in 1758 during theFrench and Indian War, and the town was later settled in Ligonier, Pennsylvania1817. The Borough was incorporated in 1834 followed bythe Township in 1882.10 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

ek Cre Mill Lo ya lha nn a Ligonier Cr ee k WATERWAYS Being situated in a valley, Ligonier is traversed by two significant water bodies. The Loyalhanna Creek adjoins with the Conemaugh River to form the Kiskiminetas River, and flows northwest from Ligonier towards Latrobe. Its flow is regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers at Latrobe Reservoir. Mill Creek generally flows in a west-southwest direction through the project study area towards its con- fluence with Loyalhanna Creek about one mile west of Li- gonier. Both creeks are popular trout fishing destinations. Since waterways are also obstructions, it is important to note the bridges spanning them (red circles above). Loy- alhanna Creek can be crossed at Peters Road, Route 711,Mill Creek near Weller Field Two Mile Run Road, and Clark Hollow Road. Mill Creek is bridged at Route 30, West Vincent Street, Route 711 at Peoples Road, and Route 711 at Brigade Lane. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 11

Old Linco ln Highwa y Ligonier O ld Li nc ol n Hi gh wa yROADWAYS: OLD LINCOLN HIGHWAYConceived and promoted by entrepreneurs, the LincolnHighway was the first road to span coast-to-coast acrossthe United States. The roadway was completed in 1913,and brought economic prosperity to many towns alongits length.The Old Lincoln Highway parallels today’s Route 30through the valley. The historic alignment can be expe-rienced from about 300 feet west of the Route 30/381intersection, along East and West Main Street in LigonierBorough, to about 600 feet east of the Route 30/259 in-tersection.The Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor (LHHC) owns a View of Old Lincoln Highway through Ligonierparcel at the Route 30/259 intersection west of Ligonier.12 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Old Linco ln Highwa y 271 711 30 Ligonier 30 711 O ld Li nc ol n Hi gh 381 wa y ROADWAYS: CURRENT SYSTEM The current roadway network is comprised primarily of two-lane roads that interconnect towns and villages in the region. The street network within Ligonier Borough is a compact grid of two-lane neighborhood streets, some with on-street parking, and alleys. Route 30 is the main east-west route, and is primarily a four-lane road. Approximately 1,000 feet east of its intersection with East Main Street, Route 30 transitions to two lanes. Route 711 is the primary north-south route, running from Seward through Ligonier (North and South Market Street within the Borough) and terminating in Connells- ville. The Pennsylvania Turnpike (Interstate 70/76) can beRoute 711 North near Ligonier Camp & Conference Center accessed from Route 711 south of Ligonier at Donegal. Route 381 is another main north-south route that inter- sects with Route 711 at Jones Mills near Donegal. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 13

Timberlinks GC Ligonier Twp Ligonier C&CC Idlewild Park Country Market High School Ligonier C&CC Weller Field Mellon Park Ridgeview GC Ligonier Boro Middle School Fort Ligonier SAMA Ligonier Beach Laurel Valley GC Compass Inn Linn Run SP Ligonier CCDESTINATIONSThe Ligonier Valley is unparalleled with the quantity andquality of recreational and cultural destinations for its size.Recreational destinations include numerous golf coursesand clubs (Timberlinks Golf Club, Ligonier Country Club,Laurel Valley Golf Club, and Ridgeview Golf Club), Idle-widld Park, Ligonier Camp & Conference Center, LigonierCountry Market, Mellon Park, Weller Field, YMCA, LigonierBeach, and Linn Run State Park. The latter contains manyrecreational trails for all types of users. Several ski resortsare also nearby.Fort Ligonier, Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art, Com-pass Inn, Ligonier Valley Library, and multiple schools are The Diamond at the intersection of Market and Main Streetsamong some of the cultural destinations in the area.14 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Old Linco ln Highwa y 271 ek Cre Mill 711 30 Lo ya lha nn a Ligonier Cr ee k 30 711 O ld Li nc ol n Hi gh 381 wa y COMPOSITE This map shows the inter-relationship of waterways, roadways, and destinations in the Ligonier Valley. The road network generally parallels Loyalhanna and Mill creeks and connects residents and visitors to the area’s recreational and cultural destinations. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 15

271 711 30 Ligonier 30 711 381AERIAL IMAGE: VEGETATIONThis aerial image shows the general character of the veg-etation within the Ligonier Valley. Natural, wooded areasand rural farm tracts are the dominant land cover in theregion.16 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Old Linc oln High way 271 ek Cre Mill 711 30 Lo ya lha nn Ligonier a Cr ee k 30 711 O ld Li nc ol n Hi 381 gh wa y PROPERTY BOUNDARIES This map depicts the property boundaries within the project study area. Smaller tracts dominate the Borough of Ligonier, and larger parcels are prevalent in Ligonier Township. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 17

Old Linc oln High way 271 ek Cre Mill 711 30 Lo ya lha nn Ligonier a Cr ee k 30 LEGEND 711 Cultural/Institutional Civic Utility Parks/Open Space O ld Li Recreation nc ol n LWA Hi 381 gh wa LC&CC y Bethlen HomesLAND USESThis map shows the dominant land uses in Ligonier Valleyincluding, but not limited to: • Cultural/Institutional - Fort Ligonier, Ligonier Valley Schools, Holy Trinity, Ligonier Valley Library, numerous places of worship, and the YMCA • Civic - include the Borough of Ligonier and Ligonier Township • Utility - Allegheny Power • Parks/Open Space - Mellon Park and The Diamond • Recreation - Timberlinks Golf Club, Idlewild Park, Weller Field, Laurel Valley Golf Club & Ligonier BeachOther large property owners within the project study areainclude the Loyalhanna Watershed Association, LigonierCamp & Conference Center, and Bethlen Homes.18 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

LEGEND Bethlen Homes Cultural/Institutional Civic Utility Allegheny Power 711 Parks/Open Space RecreationHigh School Weller Field LWA et LC&CC Stre Bethlen Homes et ark th M Nor YMCA Holy TrinityCountryMarket Library Boro Bldg Mellon Park West Main Street East Main Street 30 Fort Ligonier Laurel Valley GC LAND USES: TOWN This map shows the land uses within the Borough of Li- gonier in more detail. In addition the uses described on the previous page, people are attracted to many services that the town provides. These include a variety of retail, office, and res- taurant destinations that are mainly situated along the pedestrian-friendly streets of West/East Main and North/ South Market. Other destinations for visitors include the Ramada Inn on West Loyalhanna and several small inns, cottages, and bed and breakfasts. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 19

SECTION B:Trail & Bikeway Alignment Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 21

Old Linc oln High way WEST Ligonier Twp (pg 45) Idlewild Park NORTH (pg 25) 271 Phase One ek Cre Mill 30 Lo ya lha nn Ligonier a TOWN Cr ee (pg 35) k SOUTH (page 55) 30 LEGEND 711 Cultural/Institutional EAST Civic (pg 51) Laurel Valley GC Utility Parks/Open Space O ld Li Recreation nc ol n LWA Hi 381 gh Laughlintown wa LC&CC y Bethlen HomesSYSTEM OVERVIEWThe Phase Two study area of approximately 9.2 miles is • East Route – Approximately 1.6 miles from Ligonierorganized into the five sections listed below. For each Borough (intersection of Bell and East Main), alongsegment, a primary alignment is identified. Alternatives the Old Lincoln Highway Corridor paralleling Routeroutes have been recommended for some of the sections. 30, and ending at the intersection with Route 381. • South Route – Approximately 0.5 miles from Ligo- • North Route – Approximately 1.4 miles from the nier Borough (intersection of Loyalhanna and South Phase One trail intersection at Peoples Road, adja- Market), along Route 711, and ending at the South- cent to the Route 711 corridor, and ending at the ern Alleghenies Museum of Art on Boucher Lane. Ligonier Township Municipal Building. • Town Route – Approximately 3.5 miles generally The main focus of this report is to provide continuity located within the limits of Ligonier Borough. to existing trail and bicycle route facilities, and connect • West Route – Approximately 2.2 miles from Ligo- the community to high-demand uses in the area as eco- nier Borough near the Country Market (intersection nomically as possible. To that end, an emphasis has been of West Main and Springer), along the Old Lincoln placed on locating the proposed route within existing Highway Corridor paralleling Route 30, and terminat- public rights-of-way to limit the amount of initial property ing at Idlewild Park. acquisition and cost.22 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

LEGEND On-Road Route Shared-Use Path PEOPL Alternate Route KALA SSAY E S RD DR ile) 1/ 2m WA ne( LNU eO Baltic Road as Ph T D Trailhead (pg 32) IC RST LT BA HU LN LN K OAKS TCH AW PINE M OH L N Mill Creek WE ST V Trailhead (pg 43) Mi IEW ll C DR re ek Weller Field 711 T FIELD S FER FAIR RA RY MP AR N L TL N F T OR BURD ET S DEL RK NST B MA OWA ES MCG AWA DR ST ER DR SHAK RE PHASE ONE SECTION ST HILLSIDE AVE The existing Phase One shared-use path stretches from the east shore of Mill Creek at Weller field through a dedicated easement northeast approximately a half-mile to its TAVE LD R REGG G EL URE L S intersection with Peoples Road. This section,Acompleted in L B fall 2010, is approximately 10 feet wide and has a com- FR 10’ min AN pacted, crushed stone surface. The off-road trail is virtu- KL IN ST ally flat, thus universally accessible by users of all ages and abilities. A trailhead exists on either end of this section of path. The Mill Creek Trailhead lies on the southern end across Mill Creek, and the Baltic Road Trailhead is on the northern end. A railroad bridge once existed where the trail in- IT DR tersects with Mill Creek. The bridge abutments remain in Typical section through existing Phase One shared-use path SUMM place, and a new trail bridge is needed to connect Phase RD ARM One to all points Ibeyond the southern shore of Mill Creek. NS EY F K MO UN TA IN R ER LN D Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 23LN CO STON BO O DR YD LS E PR TT L FR LO MA N IN IEN GS AR N IN NL D L H ST FA

Above: Completed Phase One section of shared-use path Paving a portion of the Phase One sectionBelow: Phase One section during construction24 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION B.1:North Route Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 25

ADA MS VIEW LEGEND LN On-Road Route Shared-Use Path WILPEN RD MALLARD LN Alternate Route Ligonier Twp Culvert STEINHILPER CIR Municipal Bldg BRIG NUTMEG LN Trailhead (pg 33) AD MU EL NIC N IPA L PAR GRA Ligonier Camp & KDR VEL JOY LN Conference Center HIL MCCARTNEY LN Y L WA RD GER HU M SIN JUNIPE MIN 711 GBIR Ball Field R LN R ED D LN LAK Soccer Fields Phase 2.1 SHYLOHS LN 711 ROUTE STRAW Phase 2.7 EL K BERRY LN LN Bethlen Homes HER NO ME LN PEOPL KALA SSAY ES RD DR Phase 1 Phase 2.1 k r ee WA Baltic Road ll C LN Mi UT Trailhead (pg 32) RDST LTIC BA HU LN LN WK OAKS TCH HA PINE DR MO VIEW LN LIND Phase 1 OAK ENW Potential OOD Dog Run Location DR WE TALL TIMBER DR ST V IEW Mill Creek DR Phase 2.2 Trailhead (pg 43) & 2.3 ME AD ST CLAIR CIR OW DR ST Weller FieldIRFIELD FER FA 711 RA RY MP AR LN TL N F ST OR BURD T RKE DEL N ST B MA OWA ES MCG AWA DR ST ER DR SHAK REST HILLSIDE AVE NORTH ROUTE: PRIMARY ALIGNMENT DR G TAVE REL GREG S LAU The proposed North Route begins at the end of the Phase BE LL 1 trail at Peoples Road, extends northeast, and ends at FR AN KL IN ST the Ligonier Township Municipal Building. This section is approximately 1.4 miles in length. Two phases are proposed: Phase 2.1 and 2.7 (see above). IT DR SUMM RD The route travels in an easement behind private parcels KIN SEY FAR M for roughly 0.2 miles. It then travels for about 0.7 miles through Ligonier Camp & Conference Center, mainly par- MO UN TA IN RD ER LNLN alleling Route 711 (culverts will be required to cross sev- CO STON BO O R ED YD LS PR TT L FR LO MA eral water courses in this section). At the road bridge, the N IN IEN GS AR N IN NL DS LN CH ST HI FAN EE PL GR N route travels 0.1 miles (500 feet) along the southbound TASY ER EV LN LN VIL lane of Route 711, separated by a Jersey barrier, until it AN HI A CRE DR reaches the intersection of Shylohs Lane. The route then Area of Ligonier Camp & Conference Center property where the RA trail is to be located (Route 711 is to the right) MP travels on private parcels (easements will be required) for RT3 W ILD 0E VIE to R 0.3 miles until it reaches the Municipal Building site. W DR T30 W W ILL OW LN OF FBR IDG EL N R RD NL N LLIE UR BRA SAT SU WATTSWOOD NS ET GALAXY LN LN PETE 26 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania RS R LN D LN R ES AC PE E EN TE GR RS RD EDG OLD EM W

LEGEND On-Road Route Shared-Use Path WILPEN RD MALLARD LN Alternate Route Culvert CIR Ligonier Twp Municipal Bldg BRI DID G Trailhead (pg 33) IAN AD MU OL E NIC LN 711 N Alternate IPA Alignment 1 L Ligonier Camp & PAR GRA Conference Center K DR V EL H JOY L ILL MCCARTNEY LN Y WA N RD Primary GER HUM Pond Alignment SIN JUNIPE MIN Alternate GBIR R LN Alignment 2 R ED D LN LAK Ball Field MCKELV Primary Alternate Route SHYLOHS LN Phase 2.1 E 711 ROUT STRAW Phase 2.7 ELK BERRY LN LN HER ENO LN M NORTH ROUTE: ALTERNATE ALIGNMENT Two potential routing alternatives, both in Phase 2.7, have been identified for the North Route. Alternate 1 begins at the intersection of Route 711 and Brigade Lane, heads north on Brigade Lane, and ends at the Municipal Building Trailhead. This section is ap- DR proximately 0.4 miles in length, and would replace 0.3 VIEW OAK miles of the primary alignment. Alternate 2 initially takes the same route as the first alternative but makes a right off Brigade lane past the third lot then meets up with the primary alignment.LL TIMBER DR Brigade Lane is a private road, therefore an easement will be required for either of these route options. The benefit Aerial image showing both primary (orange: shared-route path) ST CLAIR CIR and alternatives (brown: on-road/shared-route combination) of these alternatives is a reduced trail length on Route alignments to reach the Municipal Building Trailhead 711, a busy thoroughfare, by about 300 feet. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 27

Soccer Field Ligonier Camp & Conference Center water c wa ter easement cou o se urse rse o ur rs e rc u co e at e er ours Culvert w at terc w wa Soccer Field Culverts Path Shared-Use Golden th Property Pa e Us d- a re Sh Culvert Accessible Trail 1 71 ute Culvert Ro Existing Existing Wooded Area Kiosk Parking d oa le sR op PeNORTH ROUTE: LC&CC SOCCER FIELDSThe plan above shows a potential Phase 2.1 shared-usepath alignment from behind the Golden property to theexisting parking lot for the Ligonier Camp & ConferenceCenter soccer fields. The route then parallels Route 711on its way north towards the Ligonier Township MunicipalBuilding.An easement at the northeast corner of the Golden prop-erty will be needed for proper trail alignment in additionto an easement or agreement with the Ligonier Camp &Conference Center for use of their property. The area di-rectly east of the Golden property is traversed by two wa-ter courses that would be crossed utilizing pipe culverts.At least three additional culverts will be needed for the Aerial image of Golden property and soccer field area on Ligoniersection adjacent to Route 711. Camp & Conference Center property28 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Macartney Lane Ligonier Camp & Ligonier Camp & Conference Center Conference Center Path d-Use Share water course Path d-Use Existing Share Sign 1 Remove te 71 Existing Tree Rou Accessible Trail Wooded Area NORTH ROUTE: LC&CC ENTRY The plan above shows a potential Phase 2.1 shared-use path alignment crossing Macartney Lane on the Ligonier Camp & Conference Center property along Route 711. To clear an existing sign, the proposed trail is located approximately 50 feet back from Route 711. An existing tree on the western side of Macartney Lane, between the trail and Route 711, will have to be removed to provide adequate visibility for both trail users and motorists.Aerial image showing proposed shared-use path alignment atintersection of Route 711 and Macartney Lane Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 29

Ball Field Ligonier Camp & rse Conference Center Wooded Area r cou wate Phase 2.1 Phase 2.7 Terminus Path d- Use Accessible S hare Trail 1 te 71 RouNORTH ROUTE: LC&CC BALL FIELDThe plan above shows a potential Phase 2.1 shared-usepath alignment at the ball field on the Ligonier Camp &Conference Center property along Route 711. The Phase2.1 section of the route would terminate just west of anexisting water course and grove of trees. Phase 2.7 wouldextend the trail to the Municipal Building Trailhead. Aerial image of temporary Phase 2.1 trail terminus at ball field on Ligonier Camp & Conference Center property30 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

existing shoulder 10’ min shift travel lanes slightly to accommodate shared-use path 42” high barrier NORTH ROUTE: ROUTE 711 BRIDGE For about 0.1 miles, or 500 feet, the route in Phase 2.7 travels along the southbound lane of Route 711. The existing road condition includes two travel lanes with wide shoulders on both sides. There are three options for extending the route north, which should be explored in fur- shoulder ther detail during the implementation phase. Option 1 shifts the existing travel lanes south to accommodate a shared-use path along the southbound side of the road with a minimum 42-inch high barrier (as per AASHTO) until it reaches the Shylohs Lane intersection. Option 2 is to designate that section of Route 711 as aTop: Existing photo of Route 711 at Brigade Lane looking southMiddle: Proposed Route 711 section illustrating Option 1 signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”) route. OptionBottom: Existing Route 711 section at bridge just south of 3 is to construct a new trail bridge, independent of theBrigade Lane Route 711 bridge, that connects Ligonier Camp & Confer- ence Center to Brigade Lane and Alternative Alignment 2. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 31

water course Crosswalk Peop les Roa d th e Pa d-Us are Sh Lawn d oa Kiosk ltic R Ba Accessible Trail Parking Wooded Area Rain GardenNORTH ROUTE: BALTIC ROADTRAILHEADThe Baltic Road Trailhead, included Phase 2.1, is on anapproximately 0.7 acre parcel that was gifted to LigonierTownship in 2010. The property is currently mostly wood-ed in character and contains a water course at its easternend. The trailhead program includes:• 16-car pervious parking lot including 1 van accessible space• accessible walkway connections from the parking area to the existing Phase One shared-use path• a pavilion and/or information kiosk Existing conditions of the Baltic Road Trailhead area• small lawn areas for picnicking• landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff32 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Mill Creek Wooded Area Accessible Shared-Use Path Trail Ligonier Township Municipal Building Existing Nature Trail Kiosk Existing Parking al Drive Municip NORTH ROUTE: MUNICIPAL BUILDING TRAILHEAD - OPTION 1 The Municipal Building Trailhead, included in Phase 2.7, is on the site of the existing Township Municipal Building off Route 711 adjacent to Mill Creek. In Option 1, The accessible, shared-use path is extended from the existing Nature Trail to the existing parking spaces near the building’s front entrance. The trailhead program includes: • utilizes existing parking lot with accessible spaces (designate 10 spaces for dedicated trail parking) • accessible shared-use path connection from the parking area to the existing Nature TrailExisting conditions of the Municipal Building Trailhead area • a pavilion and/or information kiosk • landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 33

Mill Creek Kiosk Wooded Area Existing Parking Shared-Use Path Accessible Trail Ligonier Township Municipal Building Existing Nature Trail al Drive MunicipNORTH ROUTE: MUNICIPAL BUILDINGTRAILHEAD - OPTION 2The Municipal Building Trailhead, included in Phase 2.7,is on the site of the existing Township Municipal Buildingoff Route 711 adjacent to Mill Creek. In Option 2, Theaccessible, shared-use path is extended from the existingNature Trail to the existing parking spaces near the backof the building. The trailhead program includes:• utilizes existing parking lot with accessible spaces (designate 10 spaces for dedicated trail parking)• accessible shared-use path connection from the parking area to the existing Nature Trail Existing conditions of the Municipal Building Trailhead area• a pavilion and/or information kiosk• landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff34 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION B.2:Town Route Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 35

SPRINGER RD PEOPL CAREY SC ool KALA SSAY ES 3RD DR Loyalhanna RD ST ch High School HOOL RD Watershed Assoc 2ND Carey S ST r Rd WA Mill Creek LNU Phase 2.4 Trailhead T RD ST inge LTIC BA Country Bethlen Homes HU LN Old Lincoln WK TCH Spr Market HA PINE Hwy Phase 2.3 MO LN N Phase 1 L ek DI AN Country Market e t Cr rS 30 Trailhead (pg 48) Phase 2.2, ill ne WE ST V MAIN ST Mill Creek M st IEW Lo Phase 2.4 Phase 2.3 2.3 & 2.9 DR Ka ya W Trailhead (pg 43) Boquet St lha M nn ai Bu t nu aC n ng Weller Field St al re er W ek Holy D ST FER St FAIRFIEL St RA RY MP Trinity A LN NICELY RD Mellon Park 711 FO Ra T BURD ET S R DEL RK N ST BE T MA OWA ilro SD TS MCG AWA ST NU ER DR R WA L ad SHAK FIS RE HE St ST HILLSIDE St RL AVE N d el irfi Fa DR G TAVE REL PE GREG S LL LAU RR YW Ch Library Lot BE OO DS LN ur Trailhead FR ch AN KL St IN ST Phase 2.3 Lo Middle School Phase 2.6 ya SUN lh NYL an ED n a GE St LN Phase 2.3 IT DR SUMM Fort Ligonier RD M Phase 2.5 FAR SEY LEGEND KIN O ld On-Road Route Li 711 30 MO UN nc TA Shared-Use Path IN ol BRICKY LN RD ER n ARD LN CO STON BO DR Hw O YD LS E Alternate Route PR TT L FR LO MA N IN y Laurel Valley IEN GS AR N IN NL DS LN CH ST HI FAN EE PL Culvert GR Golf Club N TASY ER EV BOUC HER LN LN LN VIL AN HI A CRE DR RD AN EEMTOWN ROUTE: PRIMARY ALIGNMENT FR RA MP RT3 W ILD 0E VIEThe proposed Town Route is the “hub” for the entire trail to R W DR T30 Wand bikeway network - from town, users can travel in all di-rections. This section is approximately 3.5 miles in length, W ILL OW LNand is comprised almost entirely of on-road routes within OF FBR IDG EL Npublic rights-of-way designated by shared lane pavement SAT URN L N SUmarkings, or sharrows (see page 64). Three phases are WATTSWOOD NS ET SCEN GALAXY LN LN IC VIE W LNproposed: Phase 2.2 (bridge over Mill Creek), Phase 2.3 PETE RS R LN D COB LN ES(on-road routes), Phase 2.9 (shared-use paths). CR BLES TON NA E LN PE EE TE GR RS RD EDG SUNRISDesignated north-south bikeway streets include Bo- EMO E NT R LN BUquet, Fairfield, Kastner, Walnut, West Vincent, Springer, D ELL SADDLEBROOK LN LNRamsey, and Bell. East-west streets include Bunger, WestMain, Railroad, Loyalhanna, Church, and the Old Lincoln LN JUMPERHighway. A portion of shared-use path is proposed on An example of an on-road route designated with a shared lane STUMP 11 PALMER pavement marking, or sharrow (see page 64) E7Allegheny Power property (an easement is required) con- UT RO DRnecting the Mill Creek Trailhead to Kastner Street. EDGEM PRESIDEN ONT TS DR RD36 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania N IDA L ONE STIR LING H

SPRINGER RD C A RE Y S C KALA 3RD SSAY DR ST OOL RD H 2ND High School ST WA LNU r Rd ST T inge Bethlen Homes Spr Mill Creek W Vin Primary Alignment cent Country Market (Phase 2.9) Allegheny Mill Creek t S Power rSMAIN ST Trailhead (pg 48) Bu t Trailhead (pg 43) ne ng er st Boquet Ka St W M ai St n t y Alternate tS St le Primary Al nu Alignment 1 Alignment ce al Weller W Di Alternate LD ST Alignment 2 Field FAIRFIE Holy Trinity 30 Mellon Park T BURD ET S DEL RK NST T Ra MA OWA TS MCG AWA ilro ST NU St L ad WA LEGEND d RE St el irfi Lo ST Fa ya On-Road Route lh 711 an YMCA Shared-Use Path na Lo Ch Cr ya ur Alternate Route ee lh ch an k na St St Culvert PE RR GR YW OO DS LN FR TOWN ROUTE: ALTERNATE ALIGNMENT AN KL IN Two potential routing alternatives, both in Phase 2.3, ST have been identified for the Town Route. Alternate 1 begins at the Mill Creek Trailhead, continues SUN south along a dedicated easement, then continues on Al- NYL ED legheny Power property (an easement will be required) GE until it reaches Kastner Street to the west. This section is LN approximately 0.2 miles in length, and would replace 0.2 miles of the primary alignment. Alternate 2 begins at the Mill Creek Trailhead, continues south along a dedicated easement, turns left onto Ligo- nier Borough property (south of the ball fields), then turns right onto Dice Alley. This section is approximately 0.2 Aerial image showing both primary (orange & red) and alterna- miles in length, and would replace 0.3 miles of the pri- tive (brown) alignments BRICK E Y ARD L N mary alignment. CO STON OL SP FR RIN MA IEN GS LN IN DS LN EN ST HI FAN PL RE N G TASY ER EV BOUC HER L LN N LN VIL AN Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 37 N RD MA REE

Bunger Street at North Dice Alley looking west North Fairfield Street at Bunger Street looking northKastner Street looking north West Vincent Street at Indian Street looking northNorth Walnut Street near North Vincent Street looking north West Main Street at North Walnut Street looking west38 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Railroad Street at South Walnut looking east West Loyalhanna Street at South Grant Street looking eastEast Loyalhanna Street at Marker Street looking west East Church Street at Marker Street looking westBell Street at Bank Alley looking south Old Lincoln Highway East near Bell Street looking east Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 39

B-10 2003 Edition Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities Shared D1-1b (R) Page 9B-10 Shared 2003 Edition Travel Lane Travel Lane for Bicycle Facilities Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 D1-1b (R) D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Option: To establish a unique identification (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Standard: The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with a retroreflectorized white legend and border. Option: Where a designated bicycle 9B.20extends forRoute Signs (M1-8, M1-9) more States, a coordinated Section route Bicycle long distances through two or submittal by the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may be sent Option: to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page a State oraddress). To establish a unique identification (route designation) for i for the local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route Standard: (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the assigned route number Standard: designation and have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with a Guidance: retroreflectorized white legend and border. If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to Option: keep bicyclists informed of changesdesignated bicycle and toextends for long distances throughof bicyclists. States, a coordinated Where a in route direction route remind motorists of the presence two or more Sect. 9B.20 submittal by the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may be sent to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). Standard: The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the assigned route number designation and have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. Guidance: If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough toTOWN ROUTE: BUNGER STREET keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the presence of bicyclists. Sect. 9B.20A portion of the Town Route travels along Bunger Streetwhere the existing road condition consists of two travellanes. The proposed primary alignment is a shared travellane in either direction along Bunger Street that would bedesignated by a sharrow and signage. Existing condition on Bunger Street showing two travel lanes40 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Shared Shared 2003 Edition Pa Figure 9B-3. Warning Signs for Bicycle Facilities (Sheet 2 of 2) Travel Lane Travel Lane W11-1 W11-1 W11-1 W11-2 W16-7p W16-1 OR W12-2 W15-1 Section 9B.18 Other Bicycle Warning Signs Option: Other bicycle warning signs (see Figure 9B-3) such as BIKEWAY NARROWS (W5-4a) and Hill (W7- may be installed on bicycle facilities to warn bicyclists of conditions not readily apparent. In situations where there is a need to warn motorists to watch for bicyclists traveling along the highwa SHARE THE ROAD (W16-1) plaque (see Figure 9B-3) may be used in conjunction with the W11-1 sign. Guidance: If used, other advance bicycle warning signs should be installed no less than 15 m (50 ft) in advance o beginning of the condition. Where temporary traffic control zones are present on bikeways, appropriate signs from Part 6 should b Option: Other warning signs described in Chapter 2C may be installed on bicycle facilities as appropriate. Section 9B.19 Bicycle Route Guide Signs (D11-1) Guidance: If used, Bicycle Route Guide (D11-1) signs (see Figure 9B-4) should be provided at decision points al designated bicycle routes, including signs to inform bicyclists of bicycle route direction changes and confirmation signs for route direction, distance, and destination. TOWN ROUTE: WEST MAIN STREET If used, Bicycle Route Guide signs should be repeated at regular intervals so that bicyclists entering fr side streets will have an opportunity to know that they are on a bicycle route. Similar guide signing should used for shared roadways with intermediate signs placed for bicyclist guidance. Support: A portion of the Town Route travels along West Main Figure 9B-5 shows an example of the signing for the beginning and end of a designated bicycle route o shared-use path. Figure 9B-6 shows an example of signing for an on-roadway bicycle route. Figure 9B-7 examples of signing and markings for shared-use paths. Street where the existing road condition consists of two Sect. 9B.1 travel lanes and on-street parking on either side. The proposed primary alignment is a shared travel lane in either direction along West Main Street that would be designated by a sharrow and signage.Existing condition on West Main Street showing two travel lanesand on-street parking on either side Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 41

Shared Shared Page 9B-10 2003 Edition Travel Lane Travel Lane Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities Page 9B-10 2003 Edition Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities D1-1b (R) D1-1b (R) D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Option: To establish a unique identification (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Standard: Option: The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route To establish a unique identification a retroreflectorized white legend and border. (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through twoBicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with a The or more States, a coordinated submittal by the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designationand border. retroreflectorized white legend may be sent to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through two or more States, a coordinated The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may be sent submittal by the assigned route number to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). designation and have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. Guidance: Standard: If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the assigned route number The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. designation and presence of bicyclists.TOWN ROUTE: WALNUT STREET Guidance: Sect. 9B.20 If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the presence of bicyclists. Sect. 9B.20A portion of the Town Route travels along North and SouthWalnut Street where the existing road condition consistsof two travel lanes and sporadic on-street parking. Theproposed primary alignment is a shared travel lane in ei-ther direction along North and South Walnut Street thatwould be designated by a sharrow and signage. Existing condition on Walnut Street showing two travel lanes42 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Wooded Area Shared-Use Path (Phase 2.9) Mi ll C re ek h Pat -U se Wooded Area red Sha Ramp Accessible Trail Bridge Kiosk (Phase 2.2) h Designated Rain Pat Trail Parking se Garden re d-U Sha Allegheny Additional Power Parking Shared -Use P ath Boque Ball Fields The Village t St at Ligonier Weller Existing Field Parking TOWN ROUTE: MILL CREEK TRAILHEAD The Mill Creek Trailhead, included in Phase 2.3, is located on the south shore of Mill Creek North of Weller Field. The property is currently used as a gravel parking area. The trailhead program includes: • 52-car pervious parking lot including 2 van accessible spaces (designate 14 spaces for dedicated trail parking) • accessible walkway connections from the parking area to the proposed shared-use path and trail bridge over Mill Creek • ramp with landings from bridge to accessible trailExisting conditions of the Mill Creek Trailhead area • a pavilion and/or information kiosk • landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 43

SECTION B.3:West Route Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 45

MATS ON R LEGEND D ORME RD LHHC On-Road Route to RTE. E RTE.MP 30 30W RA LHHC Shared-Use Path Trailhead (pg 50) Alternate Route RO UT 25 E 9 IDLEWILD Culvert RO LN UT E3 0 Loyalhann LWA a Creek DEED RAMP RTE. S 30W to RD RTE. 30E OLD LINC 30 OLN HW Y Potential Dog Run Location LWA RAMP RT 30W to RT30E Potential High School Dog Run Location Ice Pond (pg 48) DU SPRINGER RD GA CAREY SC NL Loyalhanna K N 3RD ST Ligonier Camp & Watershed Assoc HOOL RD 2ND Conference Center Potential ST WA LN Dog Run Location UT Phase 2.4 ST Country TWO MILE RUN RD Market LN Phase 2.3 DI AN Country Market Trailhead (pg 49) MAIN ST Phase 2.4 Phase 2.3WEST ROUTE: PRIMARY ALIGNMENT NICELY RD T TSThe proposed West Route begins at the end of Phase 2.3 WA L NU FIS HEat Mill Creek, extends northwest, and ends at Idlewild RL NPark. This section is approximately 2.2 miles in length. PETwo phases are proposed: Phase 2.4 (on-road routes) RR YW OO DS LNand Phase 2.8 (shared-use paths).The on-road route travels in the public right-of-way on SUN NYLOld Lincoln Highway from the Country Market Trailhead ED GE LNfor approximately 1.6 miles. It then transitions to ashared-use path and travels for about 0.2 miles in publicright-of-way, on private property, and property owned bythe Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor (easements will be BRICKYrequired). A new trail bridge is proposed to cross an exist- ARD LNing water course. From there, the route travels 0.1 miles Aerial image showing the primary (orange & red) alignment at(500 feet) south across both westbound and eastbound the LHHC site BOUC HER LNlanes of Route 30 until it reaches Idlewild Lane. D NR EMA FRE46 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania SCEN IC VIE W LN

MATS ON R Timberlinks D Golf Course 259 ORME R LHHC 30 to RTE. E TA 3P RRE.M0 D 30W LHCC Idlewild Park Trailhead (pg 50) Primary OU R Alignment TE 59 2 IDLEWIL D LN ROUT E3 0 LWA Alternate Lo Alignment 1 ya lha nn aC re ekLEGEND DEED On-Road Route RAM.Po R0 E T S RD 3RW .t TE Shared-Use Path 30E Alternate Route OLD Culvert LINC OLN HW WEST ROUTE: ALTERNATE ALIGNMENT Y One potential routing alternative has been identified for the West Route. Alternate 1 begins at a service drive along the Old Lincoln Highway, heads south across Route westbound Route 30, travels west through Loyalhanna Water- E turns left T30 shed Association (LWA) property, MP RT 30W to Rand parallels RA Route 259, and ends at the Idlewild Road after crossing eastbound Route 30. This section is approximately 0.3 miles in length, and would replace 0.3 miles of the primary alignment. DU G AN LN All portions of this alternative alignment would be a shared-use path. Easements will be required through several parcels for this route option to become a reality. TheAerial image showing both primary (orange & red) and alterna- benefit of this alternative is that it eliminates the needtive (brown) alignments to climb a steeper portion of the primary alignment. This section could be built in addition to the main route. T WO MILE RUN R D Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 47

High School Existing Sidewalk Existing Sidewalk Existing Ball Field Parking Proposed Sidewalk Existing Parking ool Road Carey Sch Accessible Trail ad ath r Ro e American eP urs inge Legion co -Us ter Spr red wa Valley Youth Path Sha Network d-Use Share Existing Parking ek Cre MillWEST ROUTE: LIGONIER VALLEYHIGH SCHOOLThe plan above shows a potential Phase 2.8 shared-use path alignment that connects Carey School Roadto Springer Road, and provides an alternate route tothe Country Market. Easements will be required on twoprivate parcels, the American Legion and Valley YouthNetowrk properties. The trail is aligned in order to notlimit development on either parcel.A connection from Ligonier Valley High School to theshared-use path is provided at the northern property lineof the Valley Youth Network parcel. A new sidewalk isproposed from the school’s main entrance to the existingparking area south of the ball field where it connects to Aerial image of the Ligonier Valley High School areathe trail.48 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Wooded Area Country Market Path d Use ger R red- Sprin Old Linc Sha oln Hw y Pavilion/Kiosk O n- R Parking Accessible oa dw Trail ay Tr R a il ou te Rain Garden On-Ro adway Crosswalk Route St ain WM ree k lC Crosswalk Mil Ro ut e 30 WEST ROUTE: COUNTRY MARKET TRAILHEAD The Country Market Trailhead is located on a parcel that is controlled by the LWA, who is proposing to create a multi-purpose trail, including landscaping improvements, in the area between the existing parking area and West Main Street/Old Lincoln Highway. The trailhead program includes: • utilizes existing parking lot at Country Market (designate 10 spaces for dedicated trail parking) • accessible walkway connections from the existing parking area to the proposed shared-use pathExisting conditions of the Country Market Trailhead area • a pavilion and/or information kiosk (proposed by LWA) • landscaped areas with native plants (proposed by LWA) Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 49

Wooded Area LHHC Lincoln Highway Parking Heritage Corridor 9 25 Ro u te ute 30 Trail Bridge Private Parcel Ro Rain Garden rse r cou (his Sharic OL Existing wate Driveway to Sculpture r H ed- Useht-of-w ri g Pat ay) h Existing Parking Accessible Trail Loyalhanna Watershed Assoc th Pa se -U ed ar ShWEST ROUTE: LINCOLN HIGHWAYHERITAGE CORRIDOR TRAILHEADThe Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor Trailhead, includ-ed Phase 2.8, is on a parcel that is owned by the LHHC atthe intersection of Route 30/259. Installation of signs andpavement markings (as per MUTCD and AASHTO) will berequired to alert trail users and motorists of the Route 30crossing. The trailhead program includes:• 15-car pervious parking lot including 1 van accessible space• accessible walkway connections from the parking area to the proposed shared-use path Existing conditions of the Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor• an information kiosk Trailhead area• small lawn area for picnicking• landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff50 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION B.4:East Route Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 51

ES DR FERR Y LN DR REL LAU VE EA LSID HIL R RD E LEGEND AK SH ST On-Road Route N WA GO E MC AV Shared-Use Path ST BELL G EG GRRE ST Middle School Alternate Route RDM FRANKLIN ST FAR Culvert SEY MOUNTAIN RD KIN DR MIT CHARLOTTE DR M SU Phase 2.3 DR WILDVIEW DR R LLIE LN BRA BOYD LN R NE STO RE DR HI AC MAIN ST Phase 2.5 Old Lincoln Hwy SUNSET LN EVERGREEN LN COOL SPRINGS LN AS RD RAM 30 FRIENDSHIP LN P RT 30E to RT THOM ACRES LN 30W DORNICK HILL LN OLD DGE LN WO OFFBRI IL LN LIN CO OL FAN Ligonier LN GREEN ANV TAS LEY HW Y LN Y FO Beach XL N WILLOW LN N EN L RN LN WA ASP LN TT RD SW KYA SATU OO PHEASANT CIR BRIC N LN D RL Y LN VIS AX TA PE L LN 30 UM GA PETERS RD PJ BUE UM ED LL L GE N Old Lincoln Hwy ST MO R LN NT CHE RD BOU Trailhead (pg 54) M SAMA Laurel Valley D Lo NR 381 EMA ya Golf Club lh FRE an na C re ek D RS R 711 PETE EDG EMO NT RD PRE SID EN EAST ROUTE: PRIMARY ALIGNMENT TS RD The proposed East Route, Phase 2.5, begins at the intersection of Bell Street and Old Lincoln Highway, extends W LN IC VIE southwest, and ends at the Route 30/381 intersection. SCEN N AL EID This section is approximately 1.6 miles in length. ON E LN LE STON COBB PAL SU NR M ISE The on-road route travels in the public right-of-way on ER LN DR SA DD STIR LE Old Lincoln Highway from the intersection with Bell Street BR LING O OK ROUTE 711 LN HAL for approximately 1.5 miles. It then crosses Route 30 and L RY LN MULBER transitions to a shared-use path for an additional 0.1 miles (400 feet) in public right-of-way until it reaches Route 381, where it continues as an existing signed shared roadway K LN (“Share the Road”) route to Linn Run State Park. R OC LING ROL LN OD WO Aerial image showing the primary (red) alignment ER ND WO 52 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Shared Shared Page 9B-10 2003 Edition Travel Lane Travel Lane Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities Page 9B-10 2003 Edition Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities D1-1b (R) D1-1b (R) D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Option: To establish a unique identification (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Standard: Option: The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route To establish a unique identification a retroreflectorized white legend and border. (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through twoBicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with a The or more States, a coordinated submittal by the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designationand border. retroreflectorized white legend may be sent to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through two or more States, a coordinated The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may be sent submittal by the assigned route number to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). designation and have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. Guidance: Standard: If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the assigned route number The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. designation and presence of bicyclists. EAST ROUTE: OLD LINCOLN HIGHWAY Guidance: Sect. 9B.20 If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the presence of bicyclists. Sect. 9B.20 A majority of the East Route travels along Old Lincoln Highway where the existing road condition consists of two travel lanes. The proposed primary alignment is a shared travel lane in either direction along Old Lincoln Highway that would be designated by a sharrow and signage.Existing condition on Old Lincoln Highway showing two travellanes Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 53

Ol d Lin co ln Pe Hw nn D y O T R O W Ph Kiosk ea sa nt C irc le Sh ar ed -U se Pa R ou th te 30 Landscape Buffer Accessible Trail 1 Existing Signed 38 e Shared Roadway o ut REAST ROUTE: OLD LINCOLN HIGHWAYTRAILHEADThe Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead is located at the OldLincoln Highway/Route 30 intersection. Installation ofsigns and pavement markings (as per MUTCD and AAS-HTO) will be required to alert trail users and motorists ofthe Route 30 crossing. The trailhead program includes:• accessible shared-use path• an information kiosk• 10 foot wide landscape buffer between the shared- use path and Route 30 (with possible 42-inch high vertical barrier if determined necessary during imple- Existing conditions of the Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead area mentation phase)• landscaped areas with native plants and rain gardens to filter stormwater runoff54 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION B.5:South Route Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 55

BER DR ME AD ST CLAIR CIR OW DR FIELD ST FER FAIR RA RY MP AR LN TL NNICELY RD FO ST BURD T RB RKE DEL T MA AN S E T CGOW SD TS AWA M ST NU ER DR R WA L SHAK FIS RE HE ST HILLSIDE RL AVE N DR G TAVE REL PE RR GREG S LL LAU YW BE OO DS LN FR AN KL 30 IN ST Phase 2.3 SUN Middle School Phase 2.6 NYL EDG Fort E LN IT DR SUMM Ligonier M RD FAR SEY KIN Lo yal ha nn aC MO ree UN TA IN BRICKY k ER LN RD ARD LN CO STON BO O R ED YD LS PR TT L FR LO MA N IN IEN GS AR LN IN DS LN CH EN ST HI FAN PL E GR N TASY ER EV BOUC HER LN LN LN VIL AN HI A CRE DR D NR MA REE F SAMA RA MP RT3 W ILD 0E VIE to R W DR T30 W 711 W Laurel Valley ILL 30 OW LN OF Golf Club FBR IDG EL LEGEND N R RD LN LLIE UR N BRA SAT SU On-Road Route WATTSWOOD NS ET SC GALAXY LN LN ENIC VIEW LN Shared-Use Path PETE RS R D LN Ligonier LN COB S AlternateLNRoute BLES TON E Beach EN ACRE PE E TE GR RS RD Culvert EDG SUNRIS OLD EMO WOOLL LN HWY E LN LINC NT R BU OEY FOX LN D ELL SADDLEBROOK LN DO LN RN ICK HI SOUTH ROUTE: PRIMARY ALIGNMENT LL LN The proposed South Route, Phase 2.6, begins at the in- STUMP JUMPER LN ASP EN LN tersection of Loyalhanna Street and South Market Street RD 11 AS PALMER E7 OM UT TH RO (Route 711), extends south, and ends at the Southern DR VIST A LN Alleghenies Museum of Art on Boucher Lane. This section is approximately 0.5 miles in length. The on-road route travels in the public right-of-way on EDGEM PRESIDEN South Market Street (Route 711) from the intersection ONT PH EA TS DR RD S with Loyalhanna Street for approximately 0.1 miles (400 feet). It then crosses Route 30 and continues for an ad- ONE IDA L N ditional 0.4 miles in public right-of-way until it reaches the STIR museum on Boucher Lane. LING HAL L MU Aerial image showing the primary (red) alignment LBE RRY LN 56 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania OD LN ERWO WOND

6’ 6’ Dedicated Dedicated Bike Lane Bike Lane Page 9B-10 Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities 2003 Edition Page 9B-10 2003 Edition Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle Facilities shift travel lanes slightly to D1-1b (R) accommodate dedicated bike lanes D1-1b (R) D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 M7-2 M7-3 M7-4 M7-5 M7-6 M7-7 Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Option: To establish a unique identification (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Standard: Option: The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the Bicycle Route To establish a unique identification a retroreflectorized white legend and border. (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) may be used. Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through twoBicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and shall have a green background with a The or more States, a coordinated submittal by the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designationand border. retroreflectorized white legend may be sent to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). Option: Standard: Where a designated bicycle route extends for long distances through two or more States, a coordinated The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the affected States for an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may be sent submittal by the assigned route number designation and have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized whiteAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officials (see Page i for the address). to the American background. Guidance: Standard: If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to (see Figure 9B-4) shall contain the assigned route number The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the have a black legend and border with a retroreflectorized white background. designation and presence of bicyclists. Guidance: Sect. 9B.20 If used, the Bicycle Route or Interstate Bicycle Route signs should be placed at intervals frequent enough to keep bicyclists informed of changes in route direction and to remind motorists of the presence of bicyclists. Sect. 9B.20 SOUTH ROUTE: ROUTE 711 The South Route travels along Route 711 where the existing road condition consists of two travel lanes. There are two options for extending the route south, which should be explored in further detail during the implementation phase. Option 1 designates a dedicated bike lane in either direction along Route 711 that would be delineated by pavement markings and signage (as per MUTCD and AASHTO) until it reaches the intersection with Boucher Lane. Option 2 is to designate that section of Route 711 as a signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”) route, similar to exist-Top: Proposed Route 711 section illustrating Option 1Bottom: Existing condition on Route 711 south of Route 30 ing Route 381 south of Route 30. Design upgrades to theshowing two travel lanes existing roadway may be deemed necessary to accommodate bike traffic including bicycle-safe drainage grates, bridge expansion joints, and upgrading paved shoulders. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 57

SECTION B.6:Future Expansion Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 59

217 Kingston Dam 30 Loyalhanna Gorge 30 LVRR Idlewild Museum ParkWEST ROUTE: FUTURE EXPANSIONThe scope of the feasibility study terminates on the easternedge of Idlewild Park at Idlewild Lane. Future expansionof the West Route could travel about 5.0 miles throughIdlewild Park and Loyalhanna Gorge Greenway until itreaches Latrobe. This route would follow portions of thehistoric Ligonier Valley Rail Road (LVRR) line, which endedservice in 1952. The LVRR Museum, recently opened in2010, is housed in a newly renovated Darlington Stationoff Idlewild Hill Lane. The Greenway, overseen by theCounty Parks & Recreation Department, stretches fromIdlewild Park northwest to the Kingston Dam near theRoute 30/217 intersection, and links the Chesnut Ridgeand Laurel Hill Greenways. A major hurdle to achieving Above: Conceptual future expansion route (orange dots)this future connection would be aquiring property and/or Below: Restored Darlington Station off Idlewild Hill Lane cur-easements through the Idlewild Park property. rently houses the LVRR Museum (from Ligonier Valley Rail Road Museum)60 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

OLH Trailhead 381 30 Laughlintown Compass Inn Museum Rolling Rock Club 30 EAST ROUTE: FUTURE EXPANSION The scope of the feasibility study terminates at the Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead at the Route 30/381 intersection. Future expansion of the East Route could extend approximately 1.1 miles along Route 30 until it reaches Laughlintown. At the center of town lies the Compass Inn Museum, a historic stagecoach stop built in 1799 and used until 1862 when the railroads became popular. Across Cal- ifornia Avenue from the museum is Ligonier Country Inn. Laughlintown is also home to another regional landmark, The Pie Shoppe, which has been in business for 65 years. Property issues would restrict the future connection to Laughlintown to a signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”) along Route 30. Portions of the route may be con-Above: Conceptual future expansion route (orange dots) figured as a shared use path within the PennDOT right-of-Below: Compass Inn Museum on Route 30 in Laughlintown (fromCompass Inn Museum) way from Route 381 east about 0.25 miles. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 61

381 Laughlintown Ligonier Country Club Rolling 30 Rock Club Rector Linn Run Rd 381 Valley School Linn Run State ParkALT SOUTH ROUTE: FUTURE EXPANSIONThe scope of the feasibility study terminates at the OldLincoln Highway Trailhead at the Route 30/381 intersec-tion. Future expansion of an Alternative South Route couldextend approximately 4.7 miles along Route 381, throughRector, and onto Linn Run Road to Linn Run State Park.The park is 612 acres of mixed hardwood and evergreenforest and is a popular place for picnicking and hiking.It borders 50,000-acre Forbes State Forest. Within LinnRun, there are approximately 6.25 miles of hiking trails.Bicycles are not permitted on the trails in Linn Run butare permitted on designated trails in Forbes State Forest.The route would follow Route 381, currently designated asigned shared roadway, for 3.0 miles then along a newly Above: Conceptual future expansion route (orange dots)designated signed shared route on Linn Run Road for an- Below: Linn Run State Park (from OMT blog by Dave Juliette)other 1.7 miles. An altnerative route could follow the OldLinn Run Road right-of-way to the Valley School property.62 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION C:Bike Wayfinding & Signage Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 63

What do sharrows mean for motorists and bicyclists? Motorists • Expect to see bicyclists on the street • Remember to give bicyclists three feet of space when passing • Follow the rules of the road as if there were no sharrows Bicyclists • Use the sharrow to guide where you ride within the lane • Remember not to ride too close to parked cars • Follow the rules of the road as if there were no sharrowsSHARED LANE MARKING: “SHARROW”Sharrows are comprised of an image of a bicycle with aseries of chevrons to indicate that motorists and cyclistsare to share the travel lane. They are used on streets thatare too narrow for conventional bike lanes.Unlike bicycle lanes, sharrows do not designate a particu-lar part of the street for the exclusive use of cyclists. Theyare simply a marking to guide cyclists to the best placeto ride on the road, avoid car doors, and help motoristsexpect to see and share the lane with cyclists.While cyclists are allowed on all public streets, it is im-portant to designate some streets as part of the bikeway Top: Typical plan showing relationship of sharrow to travel andsystem in order to help cyclists safely navigate to their parking lanes (from Seattle Department of Transportation) Bottom: An example of a shared lane pavement marking ordestination. “sharrow” (from Bike Pittsburgh)64 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SHARED LANE MARKING: EXAMPLE Sharrows are a relatively simple and inexpensive way to expand and designate a bicycle network as seen in the above example. The sharrow is typically installed 11 feet from the curb, or approximately 4 feet from parked cars. It is intended to indicate where bicyclists should ride to avoid traveling within the door zone of parked cars. It also alerts motorists to share the road with bicyclists and conveys that the street is a preferred bike route.Top: Photo after sharrows added to streetBottom: Photo before sharrows(both from Seattle Department of Transportation) Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 65

B-5 2. Regulatory Signs for Bicycle Facilities Fi R5-3 R5-6 R7-9 R7-9a R4-1 R4-2 R4-3 W2-2 Page 9B-10 Page 9B-10 2003 E 20 Page 9B-10 Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs forfor Bicycle Facilities Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs Bicycle Facilities 2003 Edition 2003 Edition Page 9B-9 D1-1b (R) Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs for Bicycle for Bicycle Facilities (Sheet 2 of 2) Figure 9B-3. Warning Signs Facilities R3-17a R5-1b D1-1b (R) (R) D1-1b D1-1b (L) 2003 Edition Page 9B-9 R9-3a R9-5 R9-6 R9-7 R10-3 R10-22 R15-1 W3-1 D1-1b (R) W3-2 Figure 9B-3. Warning Signs for Bicycle Facilities (Sheet 2 of 2) W11-1 R9-3c W11-1 R3-17 R3-17b Sect. 9B.05 Regulatory D1-1b (L) (L) D1-1b D1-1c D1-1c D4-3 D4-3 D11-1 D11-1 M1-8 M R5-3 D1-1b (L) D1-1c D4-3 D11-1 M1-8 W11-1 W11-2 W11-1 W16-7p W11-1 W16-1 Page 9B-10 2003 Edition 2003 Edition M1-9 W7-5 Figure 9B-4. Guide Signs forGuide Signs for Bicycle Facilities Figure 9B-4. Bicycle Facilities W11-1 W11-2 Warning W16-7p W16-1 OR R9-3a R9-5 R9-6 R9-7 M1-9 M1-9 M4-11 M4-11 M4-12 M4-12 M4-13 M4-13 M7-1M R4-3 R4-4 R4-7 D1-1b (R) D1-1b (R) M1-9 M4-11 M4-12 M4-13 M7-1 M7-2 M7-3 W12-2 W15-1 W8-10 OR D1-1b (L) D1-1b (L)D1-1c D1-1c D4-3 D4-3 D11-1 D11-1 M1-8 M1-8 W8-10p Guide W10-1 Section 9B.18 Other Bicycle Warning M7-3 M7-2 M7-2 M7-3 Signs M7-4 M7-4 M7-5 M7-5 M7-6 M7-6 M7-7 M Option: W12-2 W15-1 Section 9B.20 Bicycle Rou FACILITY SIGNS M7-2 Other bicycle warning signs (see Figure M7-5 such as BIKEWAY NARROWS (W5-4a) Option: (W7-5) Edition M7-3 M7-4 9B-3) Page 9B-2 M7-6 M7-7 and Hill 2003 may be installed on bicycle facilities to warn bicyclists of conditions not readily apparent. To establish a unique ident The sampling of bicycle facility signs and typical place- Figure 9B-1. Sign Placement on Shared-Use Paths In situations where there is a need to warn motorists to watch for bicyclists traveling along the highway, the (M1-8) sign (see Figure 9B-4) ment (shown right) are from the Manual on Uniform Traf- Figure 9B-3) may be used in conjunction with theStandard: SHARE THE9B.18 Other Bicycle Warning Signs Section ROAD (W16-1) plaque (seeRoute Signs (M1-8, M1-9) W11-1 sign. Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8, M1-9) Section 9B.20 Bicycle fic Control DevicesGuidance: and Highways (MUTCD as forOption: Streets 1.8 m (6 The Bicycle Route sign sh 0.9 m (3 ft) MIN. 0.9 m (3 ft) MIN.3 R5-6 Option: Option: R7-9 R7-9a 1.8 m (6 ft) MAX. ft) MAX. published by the U.S. If used, other advance bicycle warning signs 9B-3) suchinstalled no lessNARROWS(50 ft) in advance of the white legen Department of Transporation (see Figure should be as BIKEWAY than 15 m (W5-4a) and Hill (W7-5) Fed- retroreflectorized Other bicycle warning signs unique identification (route designation) for a State local bicycle route, the the Bicycle Section 9B.20 Administration), the condition. M1-9) use warn bicyclists of designation) for a Stateapparent. bicycle route, Bicycle Ro beginning of which on bicycle a unique identification (route To establish To establish a eral Highway Bicycle Route Signs (M1-8,(seefacilities to9B-4) may used. conditions not readily may be installed regulates(see Figure or or local (M1-8) sign their 9B-4) may be be used. Option: 1.5 m (5 ft) MAX. 1.5 m (5 ft) MAX. (M1-8) sign Figure 1.2 m (4 ft) MIN. 1.2 m (4 ft) MIN. Option: and placement. Where situations where there is azones arewarn motorists to watch for bicyclists traveling along the highway, the bicycl In temporary traffic control need to present on bikeways, appropriate signs from Part 6 should be used. Where a designated Standard: Standard: To establish a unique identificationROAD (W16-1) plaque (see Figure 9B-3) may be used in Bicycle Route submittal by sign. SHARE THE (route designation) for a State or local bicycle route, the conjunction with the W11-1 the affected State Option:M1-9 (M1-8) sign (see Figure Other warning used. Bicycle Route sign shall may be installed on bicycle facilities as appropriate. background with M1-9 M4-11 9B-4) may be signs described in Chapter 2C contain M4-13route designation and shallto thegreen M4-11 The M4-12The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a M4-12 M4-13 Guidance: retroreflectorized white legend and border. a route designation and shall have a American Association w M7-1 M7-1 have a green background of retroreflectorized white legend and border. Standard: If used, other advance bicycle warning signs should be installed no less than 15 m (50 ft) in advance of the Standard: Section 9B.19Option: Route Guide Signs shall have Option: The Bicycle Route sign shall contain a route designation and (D11-1) a green background with a beginning of Bicycle the condition. The Interstate Bicycle Ro retroreflectorized white legend and border. trafficdesignated bicycle present on bikeways, appropriatethrough twoPartmore States, a coordinat Guidance: Where a designated bicycle route extends for for long distances Where a route extends long distances through two designation andahave a black Where temporaryby the the affected States for assignment of an Interstate Bicycle Route number designation may b control zones are an an assignment of an Interstatesigns from or more States, coordinated or 6 should be used. submittal submittal by affected States for Bicycle Route number designation ma Option: If used, Bicycle Route Guide (D11-1) signs (see Figure 9B-4) should beshared-use path at decision points along Option: Width of provided Guidance: for for the address). to the the American Association State Highway andand Transportation Officials (see Page i the address). to American Association of of State Highway Transportation Officials (see Page i Where a designated bicyclebicycle Standard:long distances through bicyclists installed on bicycle facilities as appropriate. Bicycle Route designated route extends for routes, including signs to inform morebicycle route direction changes If used, the of Othersigns for route direction, distance, and destination. States, a coordinated warning signs described in Chapter 2Ctwo orbe and confirmation an assignment of an Interstate Bicycle may placementdesignation may be sent submittal by the affectedM7-3 for Standard: Typical sign on shared-use paths2 R9-6 R9-7 M7-2 M7-3 R10-3States R10-22 M7-5 R15-1 Route number keep bicyclists informed of cha IfM7-4 BicycleThe M7-4 Transportation Signs (D11-1) sign (seethe address). bicyclists thethe from route numb The Interstate should be repeated signM7-7 intervals 9B-4) Interstate Bicycle M7-5 (M1-9) Page i for M7-6 Route (M1-9) M7-6 to the American Association of State Highway andRoute GuideWhen placement(seeat regularFigure 9B-4) shall acontainentering assigned route num Section 9B.19 Route Guide signsBicycleOfficials of STOP or YIELD signsFigureso that shall contain assigned used, Bicycle Route (see M7-7 Standard: side Guidance: designation and have Sect. a black they andon aborder with a retroreflectorized9B.20background. streets will have an opportunity have 9B.05 legend with and bicycle following: Similar guide Sect. white background. designation and toaknow thatassigned are consideration of the route. black be legend border with a retroreflectorized white should be should is considered, priority at shared-use path/roadway intersection signing used for shared Guidance: with intermediate signs placed for bicyclist and roadway users; roadways Guidance: A. Relative speeds of shared-use path guidance. The Interstate Bicycle Route (M1-9) sign (see Figure 9B-4) signs contain shared-use path should be number at decision points along If used, Bicycle Route Guide (D11-1) shall (see Figure 9B-4) and roadway traffic; and B. Relative volumes of the assigned route provided Support: legend and routes, the Bicycle Route Interstate Bicycleof bicycle route direction changes at designation and have a designated bicycle If used, includingRoute or inform be whitefactor Route signspriority, as itbesometimes appropriateintervals frequent en black If used, the with a retroreflectorized of shared-use path and roadway. should placed at intervals frequent enoug border Bicycle signs to shouldimportance sole background. should is be placed and give priority or Interstate Bicycle Route signs C. Relative bicyclists keep bicyclists informed oftochanges inshared-use directionaandandofstreet, or to a regional bicycle path crossing a a of bicyclists. keepfor example of the signing for thedestination.and end remind motorists of theroute on minor of bicycli bicyclists informeddistance, andin beginning used low-volumetoaremind motorists of thetopresence of changesroute path crossing to determine designated shared-use presence Speed Figure 9B-5 shows an route direction, a high-volume confirmation signs not route direction to the Guidance: shared-useused, Figure 9B-6 shows an examplestreet.signing for an on-roadway bicycle route. Figure 9B-7 shows If path. 9B.20 collector of B.20 Bicycle used, the Bicycle RouteM1-9)Bicycle Route Guide signspriority approaches. assigned,atat regularused where YIELD signs would be acceptable.on the lower Section 9B.20 Bicycle Route signing(M1-8, M1-9)for signs should be repeatedtheshouldrestrictiveintervalsisso that bicyclists entering from If Route Signsexamples of SignsSect. 9B.20 (M1-8, or Interstate Bicycle Route shared-use priority placed intervals frequent enough to be placed Sect. and markings should be is When paths. STOP signs least not be control that appropriate should keep bicyclists informedsidechanges will havedirection and to to knowmotorists of the presence of bicyclists. guide signing should be Option: of streets in route an opportunity remind that they are on a bicycle route. Similar used for shared roadways with intermediate 9B.04 Bicycle Lane Signs (R3-17, R3-17a, R3-17b) Section signs placed for bicyclist guidance.ablish a unique identification (route designation)(route State or local for aStandard:or localBicycle Route the Bicycle Route Sect.To establish a unique identification for a designation) bicycle route, the bicycle route, 9B.20 Support: State Sect. 9B.18 to 9B.19 The BIKE LANE (R3-17) sign (see Figure 9B-2) shall be used only in conjunction with marked bicycle n (see FigureLigonier Valley TrailbeBikeway9B-4) may — Ligonier, Pennsylvania (M1-8) sign may Figure Feasibility Study be used. 9B-4) (see & used. lanes as described in Section 9C.04, and shall be placed at periodic intervals along the bicycle lanes. 66 | Figure 9B-5 shows an example of Guidance: the signing for the beginning and end of a designated bicycle route on a Standard: shared-use path. Figure 9B-6 shows an example of signing for anshould be determinedbicycle route. Figure 9B-7 shows The BIKE LANE (R3-17) sign spacing on-roadway by engineering judgment based on prevailing icycle Route sign shall contain sign shall contain a route designationgreenshall and other a green background with aintersections, and other considerations. The Bicycle Route a route designation and markings for speed of bicycle have traffic, block a distances from adjacent examples of signing and shall have a shared-use paths. with length, and backgroundctorized retroreflectorized border. white legend and white legend and border. The AHEAD (R3-17a) sign (see Figure 9B-2) should be mounted directly below a R3-17 sign in advance of the beginning of a marked bicycle lane.

2003 Edition Page 9B-11 Figure 9B-5. Example of Signing for the Beginning and End of a Designated Bicycle Route on a Shared-Use Path Page 9B-12 2003 Edition Figure 9B-6. Example of Signing for an On-Roadway Bicycle Route Shared-Use Path D11-1 M4-12 30 m (100 ft) D11-1 W11-1 (optional) R5-3 D1-1 M7-1 R1-1 Roadway Varies- see Section 9B.17 In urban areas, signs typically should be placed approximately D11-1 Varies- see every 400 m (0.25 mi), at every Section 9B.17 turn in the route, and at all signalized intersections. D1-1 D11-1 W11-1 (optional) D1-1 M7-1 Shared-Use Path Sect. 9B.20 On-Road Route EXAMPLE SIGNING Sect. 9B.20 The drawings shown above, from the MUTCD, depict typical sign placement for shared-use paths and on-road bicycle routes. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 67

C-8 2003 Edition Figure 9C-6. Example of Optional Word and Symbol Pavement Markings for Bicycle Lanes Figure 9C-9. Shared Lane Marking Normal white line = 100 mm x 100 mm (4 in x 4 in) 2.8 m (9.25 ft) Directional arrow 1.8 m (6 ft) (optional) 1.8 m (6 ft) 1.8 m (6 ft) Symbols Word Legends 1 m (3.25 ft) (optional) Bike Lane Markings Shared Lane Markings LANE MARKINGS The drawings shown above, from the MUTCD, depict typical size and placement for bike lane and shared lane pavement markings.Sect. 9C.06 68 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

SECTION D:Budgeting & Construction Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 69

Old Linc oln High way WEST Ligonier Twp (pg 45) Idlewild Park NORTH (pg 25) 271 Phase One ek Cre Mill 30 Lo ya lha nn Ligonier a TOWN Cr ee (pg 35) k SOUTH (page 55) 30 LEGEND 711 Cultural/Institutional EAST Civic (pg 51) Laurel Valley GC Utility Parks/Open Space O ld Li Recreation nc ol n LWA Hi 381 gh Laughlintown wa LC&CC y Bethlen HomesPHASING STRATEGYRealizing that the improvements identified in this study The following breakdown represents an itemized list ofcollectively represent approximately $1.7M to $2M (ex- projects organized into separate phases to be achievedcluding Future Expansion proposals) in new infrastructure within a 10 to 15 year completion horizon. The proposedimprovements in 2011 dollars, it is important to consider improvements are organized into eight separate phases:how individual projects can be organized to make theoverall implementation of the project manageable. An im- • Phase 2.1: North Route - Phase 1 to LC&CC Fieldsportant consideration when developing the phasing strat- • Phase 2.2: Town Route - Trail Bridge over Millegy is the desire to maximize overall connectivity along Creekthe LVTB route as quickly as possible. • Phase 2.3: Town Route - All On-Road Routes • Phase 2.4: West Route - All On-Road RoutesThe key to this strategy is to build off the existing Phase • Phase 2.5: East Route - All On-Road RoutesOne shared-use path. Extending this route north to the • Phase 2.6: South Route - All On-Road Routesexisting ball fields at Ligonier Camp & Conference Center • Phase 2.7: North Route - LC&CC Ball Fields to Ligo-and south to Weller Field on a new trail bridge over Mill nier Township Municipal BuildingCreek will provide immediate connectivity for residents • Phase 2.8: West Route - All Shared-Use Pathsand visitors of Ligonier to important community assets. • Phase 2.9: Town Route - All Shared-Use Paths70 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 9, 2011Phase 2: Base & Additional Improvements SummaryOn-Road RouteShared-Use Path 36,600 12,000 PHASE 2: SUMMARYTrail Bridge 150Total Phase Length (feet) 48,750 The overall preliminary opinion of estimated construc-Component Name Cost tion cost for Phase 2 is shown to the left summarized by component (Route Site & Landscape Improvements) andRoute Base & Additional Improvements Phase 2.1: North Route - Phase One to LC&CC Ball Fields $ 333,067.00 phase (Phases 2.1 to 2.9). In round figures, the proposed Phase 2.2: Town Route - Bridge over Mill Creek $ 111,301.00 primary routes for Phase 2 are estimated as follows: Phase 2.3: Town Route - All On-Road Routes $ 76,348.00 Phase 2.4: West Route - All On-Road Routes $ 43,633.00 Phase 2.5: East Route - All On-Road Routes $ 67,965.00 • Routes - $1,1670,000 for 48,750 feet (9.2 miles) of Phase 2.6: South Route - All On-Road Routes $ 12,876.00 on-road routes and shared-use paths (approximately Phase 2.7: North Route - LC&CC to Township Building $ 182,761.00 Phase 2.8: West Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 240,956.00 $24 per linear foot) Phase 2.9: Town Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 97,477.00 • Trailheads - $550,000 for 7 trailhead sitesTotal $ 1,166,384.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 23.93 The cost for on-street routes includes pavement mark-Trailhead Base & Additional Improvements ings, signage, and bike racks. Cost for shared-use paths Phase 2.1: Baltic Road Trailhead $ 104,003.00 Phase 2.2: Mill Creek Trailhead $ 138,049.00 includes site preparation (erosion control, clearing and Phase 2.3: Library Trailhead $ 42,390.50 grubbing, and earthwork), crushed limestone trail on an Phase 2.3: Country Market Trailhead $ 84,408.50 Phase 2.5: Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead $ 42,540.00 aggregate base, signage, site furnishings (benches, lit- Phase 2.7: Municipal Building Trailhead $ 59,526.00 ter receptacles, and bike racks), pedestrian trail bridges, Phase 2.8: LHHC Trailhead $ 78,523.00Total $ 549,440.00 culverts, and seeding.Phase 2 Total $ 1,715,824.00 Trailhead costs include site preparation (erosion control,Notes clearing and grubbing, and earthwork), gravel parkingStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed cost estimatesprepared by GAI represent its judgment as a professional familiar with the construction lots, trail connections to route network, signage, trailheadindustry. It is recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost of labor, kiosk, site furnishings (benches, litter receptacles, andmaterials or equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, orover competitive bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not bike racks/lockers), landscaping, rain gardens, and seed-guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement ofprobable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. ing. Cost estimates do not include alternate alignments, permit or application fees that may be required to obtain regulatory approvals, and any easement or property aqui- sition costs.Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de-tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgmentas a professional familiar with the construction industry. It is 1recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost oflabor, materials or equipment, over the contractors’ methods ofdetermining bid prices, or over competitive bidding or marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 71

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2: Base Improvements SummaryPHASE 2: BASE IMPROVEMENTS On-Road Route Shared-Use Path 36,600 12,000The overall preliminary opinion of estimated construc- Trail Bridge 150 Total Phase Length (feet) 48,750tion cost for Phase 2 base improvements is shown to theright summarized by component (Route Site & Landscape Component Name CostImprovements) and phase (Phases 2.1 to 2.9). In round Route Base Improvementsfigures, the proposed primary routes for Phase 2 are es- Phase 2.1: North Route - Phase One to LC&CC Ball Fields $ 254,320.00 Phase 2.2: Town Route - Bridge over Mill Creek $ 97,369.00timated as follows: Phase 2.3: Town Route - All On-Road Routes $ 76,348.00 Phase 2.4: West Route - All On-Road Routes $ 43,633.00 • Routes - $960,000 for 48,750 feet (9.2 miles) of Phase 2.5: East Route - All On-Road Routes $ 62,154.00 on-road routes and shared-use paths (approximately Phase 2.6: South Route - All On-Road Routes $ 12,876.00 Phase 2.7: North Route - LC&CC to Township Building $ 139,700.00 $20 per linear foot) Phase 2.8: West Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 197,895.00 • Trailheads - $285,000 for 7 trailhead sites Phase 2.9: Town Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 74,829.00 Total $ 959,124.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 19.67 Trailhead Base Improvements Phase 2.1: Baltic Road Trailhead $ 67,125.00 Phase 2.2: Mill Creek Trailhead $ 89,251.00 Phase 2.3: Library Trailhead $ 13,410.00 Phase 2.3: Country Market Trailhead $ 35,611.00 Phase 2.5: Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead $ 19,296.00 Phase 2.7: Municipal Building Trailhead $ 17,806.00 Phase 2.8: LHHC Trailhead $ 42,018.00 Total $ 284,517.00 Phase 2 Total $ 1,243,641.00 Notes Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a professional familiar with the construction industry. It is recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost of labor, materials or equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a professional familiar with the construction industry. It is 1 recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost of labor, materials or equipment, over the contractors’ methods of determining bid prices, or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it.72 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 9, 2011Phase 2: Additional Improvements SummaryOn-Road RouteShared-Use Path 36,600 12,000 PHASE 2: ADDITIONAL IMPROVEMENTSTrail Bridge 150 The overall preliminary opinion of estimated constructionTotal Phase Length (feet) 48,750 cost for Phase 2 additional improvements is shown to theComponent Name Cost right summarized by component (Route Site & Landscape Improvements) and phase (Phases 2.1 to 2.9). In roundRoute Additional Improvements Phase 2.1: North Route - Phase One to LC&CC Ball Fields $ 78,747.00 figures, the proposed primary routes for Phase 2 are es- Phase 2.2: Town Route - Bridge over Mill Creek $ 13,932.00 timated as follows: Phase 2.3: Town Route - All On-Road Routes $ - Phase 2.4: West Route - All On-Road Routes $ - Phase 2.5: East Route - All On-Road Routes $ 5,811.00 • Routes - $271,000 for 48,750 feet (9.2 miles) of Phase 2.6: South Route - All On-Road Routes $ - on-road routes and shared-use paths (approximately Phase 2.7: North Route - LC&CC to Township Building $ 43,061.00 Phase 2.8: West Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 43,061.00 $4 per linear foot) Phase 2.9: Town Route - All Shared-Use Paths $ 22,648.00 • Trailheads - $265,000 for 7 trailhead sitesTotal $ 207,260.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 4.25Trailhead Additional Improvements Phase 2.1: Baltic Road Trailhead $ 36,878.00 Phase 2.2: Mill Creek Trailhead $ 48,798.00 Phase 2.3: Library Trailhead $ 28,980.50 Phase 2.3: Country Market Trailhead $ 48,797.50 Phase 2.5: Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead $ 23,244.00 Phase 2.7: Municipal Building Trailhead $ 41,720.00 Phase 2.8: LHHC Trailhead $ 36,505.00Total $ 264,923.00Phase 2 Total $ 472,183.00NotesStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed cost estimatesprepared by GAI represent its judgment as a professional familiar with the constructionindustry. It is recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost of labor,materials or equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, orover competitive bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does notguarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement ofprobable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it.Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de-tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgmentas a professional familiar with the construction industry. It is 1recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost oflabor, materials or equipment, over the contractors’ methods ofdetermining bid prices, or over competitive bidding or marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 73

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2.1: North Route - Phase One to LC&CC Ball FieldsPHASE 2.1: NORTH ROUTE On-Road Route 0Phase One to LC&CC Ball Fields Shared-Use Path 4,600 Trail Bridge 0Phase 2.1 begins at the intersection of the Phase 1 trail Total Phase Length (feet) 4,600and Peoples Road, extends northeast, and ends at thenorthern end of the Ligonier Camp & Conference Center Component Name Costball field site. Improvements include: Route Base Improvements • 4,600 feet (0.87 miles) of shared-use paths On-Road Route Improvements $ - • Baltic Road Trailhead (adjacent to Phase 1 trail) Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 170,685.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 8,534.00In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.1 may re- Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 34,137.00 Contingency (20%) $ 40,964.00quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Subtotal $ 254,320.00its length and will require coordination with state agen- Cost per Linear Foot $ 55.29cies. Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ 8,000.00 Landscape Improvements $ 44,850.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 2,643.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 10,570.00 Contingency (20%) $ 12,684.00 Subtotal $ 78,747.00 Trailhead Base Improvements Baltic Road Trailhead $ 45,050.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 2,253.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 9,010.00 Contingency (20%) $ 10,812.00 Subtotal $ 67,125.00 Trailhead Additional Improvements Baltic Road Trailhead $ 24,750.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,238.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 4,950.00 Contingency (20%) $ 5,940.00 Subtotal $ 36,878.00 Phase 2.1 Total $ 437,070.00 Notes Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a as a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized, recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methods determining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. 174 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 14, 2011Phase 2.2: Town Route - Bridge over Mill CreekOn-Road Route 0 PHASE 2.2: TOWN ROUTEShared-Use Path 700 Trail Bridge over Mill CreekTrail Bridge 70 Phase 2.2 begins at the southern end of the Phase 1 trailTotal Phase Length (feet) 770 and extends southwest over Mill Creek via a new trailComponent Name Cost bridge on the existing railroad bridge abutments. Im- provements include:Route Base Improvements On-Road Route Improvements $ - • 700 feet (0.2 miles) of shared-use paths/ramp to Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 65,348.00 connect trail bridge to Boquet Street on-road route Mobilization (5%) $ 3,267.00 • 70 feet of trail bridge over Mill Creek (accounts for Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 13,070.00 Contingency (20%) $ 15,684.00 roughly $55,000 of Route Base Improvements cost)Subtotal $ 97,369.00 • Mill Creek Trailhead Cost per Linear Foot $ 126.45 In addition to these costs, Phase 2.2 may require ease-Route Additional Improvements ment and/or property acquisition for some of its length Site Furnishings $ 2,000.00 and will require coordination with state agencies. Landscape Improvements $ 7,350.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 468.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 1,870.00 Contingency (20%) $ 2,244.00Subtotal $ 13,932.00Trailhead Base Improvements Mill Creek Trailhead $ 59,900.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 2,995.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 11,980.00 Contingency (20%) $ 14,376.00Subtotal $ 89,251.00Trailhead Additional Improvements Mill Creek Trailhead $ 32,750.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,638.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 6,550.00 Contingency (20%) $ 7,860.00Subtotal $ 48,798.00Phase 2.2 Total $ 249,350.00 NotesStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailedtailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as aas a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized,recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices,labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methodsdetermining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. 1 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 75

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2.3: Town Route - All On-Road RoutesPHASE 2.3: TOWN ROUTE On-Road Route 15,900All On-Road Routes Shared-Use Path 0 Trail Bridge 0Phase 2.3 includes all on-road routes within Ligonier Total Phase Length (feet) 15,900Borough public rights-of-way designated by shared lanepavement markings (sharrows) and signage. Improve- Component Name Costments include: Route Base Improvements • 15,900 feet (3.0 miles) of on-road routes On-Road Route Improvements $ 51,240.00 • Library Trailhead Shared-Use Path Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ 2,562.00 • Country Market Trailhead Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 10,248.00 Contingency (20%) $ 12,298.00In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.3 may re- Subtotal $ 76,348.00quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Cost per Linear Foot $ 4.80its length and will require coordination with state agen-cies. Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ - Landscape Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design Fees (10%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ - Subtotal $ - Trailhead Base Improvements Library Trailhead $ 9,000.00 Country Market Trailhead $ 23,900.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,645.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 6,580.00 Contingency (20%) $ 7,896.00 Subtotal $ 49,021.00 Trailhead Additional Improvements Library Trailhead $ 19,450.00 Country Market Trailhead $ 32,750.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 2,610.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 10,440.00 Contingency (20%) $ 12,528.00 Subtotal $ 77,778.00 Phase 2.3 Total $ 203,147.00 Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Notes tailed cost concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed Statements estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a professional familiar with the construction industry. It is recognized, however, that GAI has no control over the cost of labor, materials or equipment, over the contractors’ methods of determining bid prices, or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. 176 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 9, 2011Phase 2.4: West Route - All On-Road RoutesOn-Road Route 9,100 PHASE 2.4: WEST ROUTEShared-Use Path 0 All On-Road RoutesTrail Bridge 0 Phase 2.4 begins at the Farm Market Trailhead (intersec-Total Phase Length (feet) 9,100 tion of West Main Street and Springer Road), extendsComponent Name Cost northwest, and ends at Idlewild Park. Improvements include:Route Base Improvements On-Road Route Improvements $ 29,284.00 • 9,100 feet (1.7 miles) of on-road routes Shared-Use Path Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ 1,464.00 In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.4 may re- Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 5,857.00 quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Contingency (20%) $ 7,028.00 its length and will require coordination with state agen-Subtotal $ 43,633.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 4.79 cies.Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ - Landscape Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design Fees (10%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Trailhead Base Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Trailhead Additional Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Phase 2.4 Total $ 43,633.00 NotesStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailedtailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as aas a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized,recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices,labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methodsdetermining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. 1 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 77

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2.5: East Route - All On-Road Routes PHASE 2.5: EAST ROUTE On-Road Route 8,200 All On-Road Routes Shared-Use Path 400 Trail Bridge 0Phase 2.5 begins begins at the intersection of Bell Street Total Phase Length (feet) 8,600and Old Lincoln Highway, extends southwest, and endsat the Route 30/381 intersection. Improvements include: Component Name Cost • 8,200 feet (1.6 miles) of on-road routes Route Base Improvements • 400 feet (0.1 miles) of shared-use path between Old On-Road Route Improvements $ 26,344.00 Lincoln Highway and Route 381 Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 15,370.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 2,086.00 • Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 8,343.00 Contingency (20%) $ 10,011.00In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.5 may re- Subtotal $ 62,154.00quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Cost per Linear Foot $ 7.23its length and will require coordination with state agen-cies. Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ - Landscape Improvements $ 3,900.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 195.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 780.00 Contingency (20%) $ 936.00 Subtotal $ 5,811.00 Trailhead Base Improvements Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead $ 12,950.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 648.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 2,590.00 Contingency (20%) $ 3,108.00 Subtotal $ 19,296.00 Trailhead Additional Improvements Old Lincoln Highway Trailhead $ 15,600.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 780.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 3,120.00 Contingency (20%) $ 3,744.00 Subtotal $ 23,244.00 Phase 2.5 Total $ 110,505.00 Notes Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a as a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized, recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methods determining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. 178 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 9, 2011Phase 2.6: South Route - All On-Road RoutesOn-Road Route 2,600 PHASE 2.6: SOUTH ROUTEShared-Use Path 0 All On-Road RoutesTrail Bridge 0 Phase 2.6 begins at the intersection of Loyalhanna StreetTotal Phase Length (feet) 2,600 and South Market Street (Route 711), extends south,Component Name Cost and ends at the Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art on Boucher Lane. Improvements include:Route Base Improvements On-Road Route Improvements $ 8,642.00 • 2,600 feet (0.5 miles) of on-road routes Shared-Use Path Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ 432.00 In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.6 may re- Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 1,728.00 quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Contingency (20%) $ 2,074.00 its length and will require coordination with state agen-Subtotal $ 12,876.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 4.95 cies.Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ - Landscape Improvements $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design Fees (10%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Trailhead Base Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Trailhead Additional Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ -Subtotal $ -Phase 2.6 Total $ 12,876.00 NotesStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailedtailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as aas a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized,recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices,labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methodsdetermining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. 1 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 79

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2.7: North Route - LC&CC to Township BuildingPHASE 2.7: NORTH ROUTE On-Road Route 400LC&CC Ball Fields to Township Building Shared-Use Path 2,500 Trail Bridge 0Phase 2.7 begins at the northern end of Phase 2.1, ex- Total Phase Length (feet) 2,900tends northeast, and ends at the Ligonier Township Mu-nicipal Building. Improvements include: Component Name Cost • 400 feet (0.1 miles) of on-road route paralleling Route Route Base Improvements 711 On-Road Route Improvements $ 1,018.00 • 2,500 feet (0.5 miles) of shared-use path Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 92,740.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 4,688.00 • Municipal Building Trailhead Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 18,752.00 Contingency (20%) $ 22,502.00In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.7 may re- Subtotal $ 139,700.00quire easement and/or property acquisition for some of Cost per Linear Foot $ 48.17its length and will require coordination with state agen-cies. Route Additional Improvements Site Furnishings $ 4,000.00 Landscape Improvements $ 24,900.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,445.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 5,780.00 Contingency (20%) $ 6,936.00 Subtotal $ 43,061.00 Trailhead Base Improvements Municipal Building Trailhead $ 11,950.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 598.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 2,390.00 Contingency (20%) $ 2,868.00 Subtotal $ 17,806.00 Trailhead Additional Improvements Municipal Building Trailhead $ 28,000.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,400.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 5,600.00 Contingency (20%) $ 6,720.00 Subtotal $ 41,720.00 Phase 2.7 Total $ 242,287.00 Notes Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a as a professional familiar with the construction isindustry. It is professional familiar with the construction industry. It recognized, recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methods determining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. 180 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

Ligonier Valley Trail & BikewayPreliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction CostsGAI Consultants, Inc.February 14, 2011Phase 2.8: West Route - All Shared-Use PathsOn-Road Route 0 PHASE 2.8: WEST ROUTEShared-Use Path 2,500 All Shared-Use PathsTrail Bridge 70 A portion of Phase 2.8 begins at the western end of PhaseTotal Phase Length (feet) 2,570 2.4, extends west, and ends at Idlewild Lane. Phase 2.8Component Name Cost also includes the east-west shared-use path connection between Carey School and Springer Road. ImprovementsRoute Base Improvements include: On-Road Route Improvements $ - Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 132,815.00 • 2,500 feet (0.5 miles) of shared-use paths Mobilization (5%) $ 6,641.00 • 70 feet of trail bridge near Route 30/259 intersec- Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 26,563.00 Contingency (20%) $ 31,876.00 tion (accounts for roughly $55,000 of Route BaseSubtotal $ 197,895.00 Improvements cost) Cost per Linear Foot $ 77.00 • Lincoln Highway Heritage Corridor TrailheadRoute Additional Improvements In addition to these costs, Phase 2.8 may require ease- Site Furnishings $ 4,000.00 ment and/or property acquisition for some of its length Landscape Improvements $ 24,900.00 and will require coordination with state agencies. Mobilization (5%) $ 1,445.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 5,780.00 Contingency (20%) $ 6,936.00Subtotal $ 43,061.00Trailhead Base Improvements LHHC Trailhead $ 28,200.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,410.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 5,640.00 Contingency (20%) $ 6,768.00Subtotal $ 42,018.00Trailhead Additional Improvements LHHC Trailhead $ 24,500.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 1,225.00 Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 4,900.00 Contingency (20%) $ 5,880.00Subtotal $ 36,505.00Phase 2.8 Total $ 319,479.00 NotesStatements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailedtailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as aas a professional familiar with the construction isindustry. It is professional familiar with the construction industry. It recognized,recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices,labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methodsdetermining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual marketconditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee thatbids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statementof probable construction cost or other cost estimate preparedby it. 1 Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 81

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Preliminary Opinion of Probable Site & Landscape Construction Costs GAI Consultants, Inc. February 9, 2011 Phase 2.9: Town Route - All Shared-Use PathsPHASE 2.9: TOWN ROUTE On-Road Route 400All Shared-Use Paths Shared-Use Path 1,300 Trail Bridge 0Phase 2.9 connects the new Mill Creek trail bridge to Kast- Total Phase Length (feet) 1,700ner Street with a shared-use path. Improvements include: Component Name CostThis section is approximately 1,700 feet in length (400feet of on-road routes and 1,300 feet of shared-use Route Base Improvementspaths). Estimates include primary alignments only. On-Road Route Improvements $ 1,018.00 Shared-Use Path Improvements $ 49,203.00 • 400 feet (0.1 miles) of on-road route Mobilization (5%) $ 2,511.00 • 1,300 feet (0.3 miles) of shared-use path Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ 10,044.00 Contingency (20%) $ 12,053.00In addition to the costs shown here, Phase 2.9 may re- Subtotal $ 74,829.00 Cost per Linear Foot $ 44.02quire easement and/or property acquisition for some ofits length and will require coordination with state agen- Route Additional Improvementscies. Site Furnishings $ 2,000.00 Landscape Improvements $ 13,200.00 Mobilization (5%) $ 760.00 Design Fees (10%) $ 3,040.00 Contingency (20%) $ 3,648.00 Subtotal $ 22,648.00 Trailhead Base Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ - Subtotal $ - Trailhead Base Improvements (no trailheads this phase) $ - Mobilization (5%) $ - Design & Inspection Fees (20%) $ - Contingency (20%) $ - Subtotal $ - Phase 2.9 Total $ 97,477.00 Notes Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or de- Statements concerning probable construction cost and/or detailed tailed cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment cost estimates prepared by GAI represent its judgment as a as a professional familiar construction industry. It isindustry. It is professional familiar with the with the construction recognized, recognized, however,no control over the cost of labor, materials orof however, that GAI has that GAI has no control over the cost equipment, over the contractors methods of determining bid prices, labor, materials or bidding or market conditions. Accordingly, GAI of or over competitive equipment, over the contractors’ methods determining bidnot guarantee that competitive bidding or costs cannot and does prices, or over bids, proposals, or actual market conditions. Accordingly, GAI cannot and does not guarantee that bids, proposals, or actual costs will not vary from any statement of probable construction cost or other cost estimate prepared by it. 182 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

CONSTRUCTION PERMITTINGAny number of permits may be needed during the courseof final design and construction of the trail and bikewayincluding but not limited to: • Wetland Identification/Stream Classification • Archeological Phase I Conducted to identify the presence/absence of wet- The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of lands and streams, and provide an estimate of their 1966 reflected the broad-scale recognition of a extent. Methodology is outlined in the 1987 US Army need to protect cultural resources, defining historic Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual. preservation as “the protection, rehabilitation, When unavoidable wetlands are present, a formal restoration and reconstruction of districts, sites, wetland delineation report is required to support buildings, structures and objects significant in Ameri- permit applications. can history, architecture, archaeology or culture.” • Chapter 105 Water Obstruction & Encroach- A Phase I archaeological study is typically required ment Permit to obtain other certain permits in order to proceed Required for projects involving the construction, with a particular project. The Phase I archaeological modification, relocation of any dam, water obstruc- reconnaissance survey is designed to merely identify tion or encroachment to to jurisdictional waters of the existence of any prehistoric or historic archaeo- the Commonwealth. Any activity that disturbs a logical resources within a project area. The survey, wetland, whether or not it is associated with filling typically involves preliminary background research, or fill materials, requires a permit. a US Army Corps a pedestrian surface survey, an efficient subsurface of Engineers 404 Permit may also be required for testing strategy, analysis of recovered materials, and certain construction activities in US waters. an interpretive report stating the results of research and testing. • Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory (PNDI) • Highway Occupancy Permit Facilitates the avoidance and minimization of im- Highway Occupancy Permits (HOPs) are required for pacts to endangered and threatened and special any encroachment upon Interstate Highways, US concern species and resources in the Common- Routes or State Highways in the Commonwealth. wealth. It applies to applicants for DEP permits, Encroachment is usually in the form of occupancy authorizations, and plan approvals. of State highway right-of-way, opening the raodway surface, placing a facility or structure, or opening an • National Pollution Discharge Elimination access. It also extends beyond the right-of-way line System (NPDES) where work outside the right-of-way may have an The Federal Clean Water Act and the Pennsylvania adverse effect on the State highway. Typically, HOPs Clean Streams law requires wastewater dischargers are issued to utility companies, municipal authorities, to have a permit establishing pollution limits, and developers and builders, and private citizens. HOP specifying monitoring and reporting requirements. applications should be made at the County Permit NPDES permits regulate household and industrial Office located within the PennDOT County Mainte- wastes that are collected in sewers and treated at nance Building in the county to which the application municipal wastewater treatment plants. Permits applies. It typically takes 10 days to 6 weeks for regulate discharges with the goals of protecting pub- PennDOT to process an HOP permit application. lic health and aquatic life, and assuring that every facility treats wastewater. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 83

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE ups, adoptions and education. We carry out our missionCreating ownership within the community will foster re- in local communities through:sponsibility to maintaining the trail, trailheads, and other • PA CleanWays chapters and affiliates;amenities created because of the new trail (i.e. small • Special projects like the Forest Lands Beautificationpocket parks). This connection is just a small part of a Program; andgreater trail system; trail owners are encouraged to reach • Programs that encourage everyone to join the fightout to adjoining trail groups to establish a relationship to against dumping and littering.create a global mechanism that shares responsibilities foroperation, maintenance, and security. PA CleanWays’ mission is to eliminate illegal dumping and littering in Pennsylvania.Once the trail group structure has been established, trailmonitors can be utilized. Trail monitors are volunteers Common trail maintenance tasks include:that are 18 years or older that walk or ride the trail toassess the conditions of the trails and to ensure the trails • Asphalt Trail Surface Reparations – Repav-are safe for public use. Trail monitors will travel the trail ing; sealing; pothole repair; snow removal; surfaceyear round and receive training on trail monitoring. The cleaning; markings maintenance; litter removal fromtrail monitor system once again fosters local ownership in trail shoulders.the trail which in turn increases security keeping ATVs and • Non-asphalt Trail Surface Reparations – Re-other unauthorized vehicles off of the trail. surfacing; grading; pothole repair; snow removal; surface cleaning; litter removal from trail shoulders.Another option for maintenance is PA CleanWays. This • General Site Tasks – Mowing; leaf removal; treeexplanation of their mission is taken from their website pruning; tree removal; invasive species removal;(http://www.pacleanways.org/): PA CleanWays is a non- planting new vegetation; application of herbicidesprofit organization that helps people who are ready to and pesticides; clearing of drainage channels andtake action against illegal dumping and littering in their culverts.communities. Our core programs revolve around clean- • Trailhead – Surface maintenance of parking; landscaping/gardening; trash removal; maintenance related to restrooms (if applicable). • Trail Maintenance – trash can emptying; maintenance related to restrooms; information kiosk maintenance; maintenance of benches and other furnishings; signage; pavement markings; repair related to vandalism and illegal dumping; lighting; gates, bollards, and fencing; bridge maintenance. According to the publication “Rail-Trail Maintenance & Operation”, owners of trails can expect an annual maintenance and operation cost of approximately $1,500 per mile, regardless of surface type. If operation and maintenance is primarily handled by volunteer groups, thatInspecting the trail for damage number may be reduced to approximately $700 per mile.84 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES 4. Growing GreenerNumerous grant opportunities existing for trail and bike- Investment of state funds to address Pennsylvania’sway planning and development. Primary sources are list- critical environmental concerns of the 21st century.ed here for consideration: Growing Greener has helped to preserve farmlands; protect open space; maintain state parks; clean • Department of Conservation & Natural Re- up abandoned mines; restore watersheds; provide sources (DCNR); http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/ funds for recreational trails and local parks; help 1. C2P2 Communitiy Recreation & Conservation communities address land use; and provide new and These grants fund municipalities and nonprofit orga- upgraded water and sewer systems. nizations to plan for, acquire, develop or rehabilitate • Deadline: April 20, 2011 at 4:00 PM. public park, recreation, open space, greenway, trail • Contact: Grants Customer Service; 800-326- and conservation areas, and facilities. A 50% match 7734. from the applicant is required for most projects. The maximum grant under this program is $40,000. • Pennsylvania Department of Transportation • Deadline: April 20, 2011 at 4:00 PM. (PennDOT); http://www.dot.state.pa.us/ • Contact: Grants Customer Service; 800-326- 1. Pennsylvania Community Transportation Initia- 7734; dcnr-grants@state.pa.us. tive (PCTI) A competitive funding program to support and 2. C2P2 Pennsylvania Recreation Trails encourage local transporation projects that exem- These grants help develop and maintain recreational plify the goals of Smart Transportation. $24.7 million trails and related facilities for motorized and non- allocated in 2010 to 41 community-led planning and motorized recreational trail use, and to purchase construction projects. equipment for those purposes. Eligible applicants • Deadline: To be determined. 2010 deadline include federal and state agencies, local govern- was September 15, 2011 at 5:00 PM. ments, and nonprofit and for profit organizations. • Contact: PennDOT Center for Program Devel- Match requirements are a minimum of 20% from opment and Management; 717-787-2862. the applicant except for acquisition projects, which require a 50% match. The maximum grant under 2. Transportation Enhancement Program (TE) this program is $100,000. Federal funding available for provision of facilities • Deadline: April 20, 2011 at 4:00 PM. for pedestrians and bicycles, safety and educational • Contact: Grants Customer Service; 800-326- activities for pedestrians and bicycles, acquisition of 7734; dcnr-grants@state.pa.us. scenic easements and scenic or historic sites, beau- tification, historic preservation, and preservation of 3. C2P2 Rails-to-Trails rail corridors. It is a cost reimbursement program These grants help plan for, acquire, or develop rail- and not a grant program. The project sponsor (ap- trail corridors. Applicants include municipalities and plicant) will receive periodic invoices from those nonprofit organizations established to preserve and working on the project. The sponsor must then re- protect available abandoned railroad corridors as view, approve, and forward the invoices to PennDOT. trails. A 50% match is required, except for acquisi- PennDOT then reimburses the sponsor who in turn tion projects which require a donation match. must pay their service providers. • Deadline: April 20, 2011 at 4:00 PM. • Deadline: To be determined. • Contact: Grants Customer Service; 800-326- • Contact: PennDOT Center for Program Devel- 7734; dcnr-grants@state.pa.us. opment and Management; 717-787-2862. Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 85

3. PennDOT Safe Routes to Schools Program • Other Sources Provides cost reimbusement funds to municipalities, 1. Tourism Grant Program school districts, and safety advocates for improve- http://www.co.westmoreland.pa.us/ ments to walking and biking routes that provide 2. Community Foundation of Westmoreland County access to schools. http://www.cfwestmoreland.org/ • Deadline: April 21, 2011. 3. American Hiking Society’s National Trails Fund • Contact: PA Safe Routes to School Coordina- http://www.americanhiking.org/ tor; PennDOT Program Center; 717-787-8065. 4. Pennsylvania Recreation and Park Society (PRPS) RecTAP Program • Federal Sources http://www.prps.org/ 1. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century 5. Bikes Belong Coalition (TEA21) http://www.bikesbelong.org/ http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/tea21/ 2. Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) http://www.nps.gov/ 3. Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance Program http://www.nps.gov/ 4. US Department of Transportation FHWA National Scenic Byways Program http://fhwa.dot.gov/ 5. US Environmental Protection Agency http://www.epa.gov/ 6. US Department of Education http://www.ed.gov/ 7. US Department of Health and Human Services http://www.hhs.gov/ 8. Federal Grant Opportunities http://www.grants.gov/ 9. Non-Profit Grant Opportunities http://www.usa.gov/business/nonprofit.shtml • State Sources 1. Heritage Park Grants http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/ 2. Pennsylvania Community Forests. http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/ 3. Rivers Conservation Program http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/ 4. Department of Community and Economic Development http://www.newpa.com/86 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

APPENDIX A:Public Meeting Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 87

Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 89

APPENDIX B:PennDOT Coordination Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 91

RESPONSE TO PENNDOT’S COMMENTSNorth Route • Is there enough ROW to install the barrier and 10’ bike lane along Route 711? We believe there is enough room within the existing ROW for Route 711 to install the shared use path by adjusting the striping of the vehicular travel lanes. This should be the first option explored during the implementation phase to determine if cross-sectional elements meet AASHTO Green Book design criteria. Another option is to designate that portion of Route 711, from LC&CC to the Township Building, as a signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”) because it would connect significant uses within the community. A third alternative would be to construct a new trail bridge, independent of the Route 711 vehicular bridge that connects LC&CC to Brigade Lane and Alternative Alignment 2. The report has been . • The cross section of Route 711 should not be compromised; the barrier and bike lane should be in addition to the existing cross section. Adding the shared use path and barrier on Route 711 should be further investigated during the implementation phase as noted above. • There will have to be a maintenance agreement including winter maintenance for this bike lane. The Department will not be responsible for maintenance activities. The cost of maintaining the shared use path will need to be further considered before construction of the facility. A reporting system should be established so that route users can alert those responsible about facilities that are in need of maintenance. A contact person who can authorize maintenance work should be designated to receive the reports. • Does the barrier meet the design criteria for the bicycle standards? Height and protection. The barrier should be a minimum of 42 inches high to prevent bicyclists from toppling over it (taken from the AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities. 1999). This will be noted on the drawing on page 31.West Route • The crosswalk on Route 30 at the intersection with PA 259 needs considered. If this is going to be a heavy crossing, what design features will need mitigation in order to cross safely. The painted crosswalks on both eastbound and westbound Route 30 will be removed from the drawing on page 50 due to the absence of a traffic signal. Users of the shared use path will be alerted of the highway crossing with signs and markings as outlined in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and AASHTO. Likewise, motorists will also be altered using the same standards contained in the MUTCD and AASHTO guidelines.92 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

East Route • How will the shared-use path be separated from traffic in public ROW until it reaches PA 381? The shared use path is separated from traffic by a 10-foot wide landscaped buffer. There is adequate room to install a 42-inch high vertical barrier if it is determined necessary during the implementation phase. • What happens to the route at PA 381? Shown to just end? Where will the bicyclists continue? The shared use path terminates at Route 381, which is currently designated as a signed shared roadway. Cyclists have the ability to continue to Linn Run State Park. • Is there enough ROW on Route 30 to accommodate this path and the 10’ landscaped path? Yes, we believe there is adequate room to accommodate the shared use path and landscape buffer within the existing ROW for Route 30. This option should be further investigated during the implementation phase. • Any bike or shared-use lane or facility in Public ROW will need a maintenance agreement including winter maintenance. The cost of maintaining the shared use path will need to be further considered before construction of the facility. A reporting system should be established so that route users can alert those responsible about facilities that are in need of maintenance. A contact person who can authorize maintenance work should be designated to receive the reports.South Route • Is there enough existing ROW to complete this work? We believe there is enough room within the existing ROW for Route 711 to install the bike lanes by adjusting the striping of the vehicular travel lanes. This should be the first option explored during the implementation phase to determine if cross-sectional elements meet AASHTO Green Book design criteria. Another option is to designate that portion of Route 711, from Route 30 to the Boucher Lane, as a signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”) because it would connect significant uses within the community. We recommend keeping the drawings in the report as-is, and adding text describing the signed shared roadway option. • Does PA 711 meet the requirements to have a shared travel lane? Were crashes, truck traffic, ADT, etc., investigated? The collection and/or analysis of traffic data was outside the scope of this report. This work would be included as part of the implementation phase. If it is not possible to install a bike lane, then the route would be designated as a signed shared roadway (“Share the Road”). Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 93

General Overall Comments • Any bike or shared-use lane or facility in Public ROW will need a maintenance agreement including winter maintenance. The cost of maintaining the shared use path will need to be further considered before construction of the facility. A reporting system should be established so that route users can alert those responsible about facilities that are in need of maintenance. A contact person who can authorize maintenance work should be designated to receive the reports. • For shared lanes, has there been any investigation for Speeds, ADT, Truck Traffic, crash data investigated to ensure that this is safe and reasonable to recommend a shared use of the lanes? The collection and/or analysis of traffic data was outside the scope of this report. This work would be included as part of moving forward with any implementation phase. • Do all of the shared use lanes meet the criteria to incorporate on state and local roads? The purpose of designating certain routes as signed shared roadways is because they provide continuity to other bicycle facilities and connect the community to high-demand uses in the area. The proposed routes also meet most of the criteria outlined on page 19 of the AASHTO Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities Routes. In addition, routes will be signed and marked as outlined in MUTCD and AASHTO. It appears that existing roadway shoulders on proposed shared roadways are at least 4 feet wide, the minimum width outlined in AASHTO. Width requirements to accommodate both bicycle and motor vehicles would be confirmed during any implementation phase. Other design upgrades may be deemed necessary to accommodate bike traffic including, but not limited to, bicycle-safe drainage grates, bridge expansion joints, and upgrading paved shoulders. • Has the ROW been investigated along the state routes to ensure that the projected work can be incorporated or will additional ROW be included? At this planning stage, it appears that the work outlined in the report can be done within the existing road ROWs. Additional ROW acquisition is not anticipated at this time.94 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

APPENDIX C:Property Coordination Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 95

MALLARD LN RI B GA MU DE NIC LN IPA 0230 L PA 0030 RK DR 0022 0231 0235 HUM JUNIPE MIN GBIR 0233 R LN 0023 D LN 0024 0006 SHYLOHS LN E7 11ROUT STRAW NORTH ROUTE ELK Property Owner Parcel ID Location BERRY LN LIGONIER CAMP & CONFERENCE CEN N 51-17-00-00-0006 104 MCCARTNEY CIR L LUTHER P MILLER INC HER 51-17-00-00-0233 3681 ROUTE 711 NO ME LN SAPONE DAVID S JANE S 51-17-00-00-0235 not listed TIBERI JAMES V KATHRYN M 51-17-00-00-0030 not listed CLAYCOMB IRA D & BERTHA J 51-17-00-00-0024 506 BRIGADE LN CYPHERS MARY JEAN 51-17-00-00-0023 512 BRIGADE LN KIMMICK WALTER D NANCY M 51-17-00-00-0231 532 BRIGADE LN DUNLEVY DAVID L TAMARA M 51-17-00-00-0022 538 BRIGADE LN BOYS BRIGADE CAMP ASSN 51-17-00-00-0230 not listed 96 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

T WA LN UT ST 0084 0216 0078 0012 L D ST FAIRFIE ST BURD ET DEL MARK MCG AWA ST RE STTOWN ROUTE Property Owner Parcel ID LocationBETHLEN HOME OF HUNG REF FED A 51-16-00-00-0078 205 KALASSAY DRLIGONIER BORO SCHOOL DISTRICT 16-01-12-00-0012 not listedWEST PENN POWER CO 51-16-12-00-0084 not listedWEST PENN POWER CO 16-01-11-00-0216 310 BUNGER ST Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 97

SPRINGER RD CAREY SC 3RD ST HOOL RD 0073 2ND ST UT 0072 ST 0099 MAIN STWEST ROUTE Property Owner Parcel ID LocationBYERS TOSH POST 267 AMER LEGIO 51-16-00-00-0072 not listedVALLEY YOUTH NETWORK 51-16-00-00-0099 20 SPRINGER RDLIGONIER VALLEY SCH DIST AUTHO 51-16-00-00-0073 40 SPRINGER RD ST N UT L WA98 | Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania

MATS ON R D ORME Rto RTE. E TA 3PRRE.M0 D 30W 0007 O R 0011 UT E2 0110 59 IDLEWI LD LN ROU TE 30 0002 0062 WEST ROUTE Property Owner Parcel ID Location DEED YANARELLA MICHAEL E JR NADINE 51-10-00-00-0011 not listed LINCOLN HIGHWAY HERITAGE CORR 51-10-00-00-0007 129 ROUTE 259 MP A R TE. o S R0 LOYALHANNA WATERSHED ASSOC 51-16-00-00-0002 not listed 3RW .t RD TE LOYALHANNA WATERSHED ASSOC 51-16-00-00-0110 not listed 30E GRAHAM RAYMOND REBA B 51-16-00-00-0062 2407 W Ligonier Valley Trail & Bikeway Feasibility Study — Ligonier, Pennsylvania | 99

http://ligoniervalleytrail.blogspot.com	273
http://www.ligoniervalleytrail.blogspot.com	10
http://www.blogger.com	2

LVTB Feasibility Study 110608

by Ligonier Valley Trail on Jun 20, 2011

Accessibility

Upload Details

Usage Rights

3 Embeds 285

Statistics

LVTB Feasibility Study 110608 — Document Transcript