Session1

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux First course Please visit our Facebook Group

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Our Rules  Start at 10 AM.  Mobile phone silent please.  You can get in or get out without permission.  Ask what you want.  Some questions will be answered in the end.  Only one talks and all listens.  You can get materials from us or from outside faculty  To help us give us your feedback.

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Outlines of this session  Introduction to operating systems  Introduction to Linux  Introduction to Ubuntu  Ubuntu installation steps  GUI  Virtual Box  XChat  File system hierarch

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Operating systems introduction  Operating system: • It is an interface between hardware and user which is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the resources of a computer. • Windows is not the only operating system in the world.

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Operating systems introduction  There are a lot of operating systems such as: • Unix • Linux • Minix • Windows • Mac OS

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  What is GNU/Linux? • It is an operating system which is free and open source software.

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Unix Introduction • AT&T – BSD – HP-UX – Solaris – AIX

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  History of Linux • Richard Stallman 1983

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  History of Linux • GNU

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  History of Linux • Linus Torvalds 1990 – Kernel

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Why Linux? • Available and reachable • Stable • Minimum times of rebooting • Open Source • Free • Fast updates • Security • Well-documented

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Why Linux? • Shell • Virus rare • Real multi-user system • Multiple GUIs • Save hardware resources • It's kernel used in Embedded systems • Meets criteria

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Why Linux? • Well supported by international companies – HP – IBM – Intel – Oracle – Sun • National Security Agency (NSA)  Why copy software illegally if you can get it for free?

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Who uses Linux? • Famous servers work on Linux such as: – www.google.com – www.wikipedia.com – www.youtube.com – www.4shared.com – www.rapidshare.com – www.cnn.com – download.microsoft.com – www.bing.com

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Who uses Linux? • 89.2% of super computers works on Linux • Embedded system engineers • 3D graphics such as: • The Matrix • Titanic • Gladiator • Super Man Returns • Spider Man • Men In Black

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Who uses Linux? • United States Department Of Defense • French Parliament • France's Ministry of Agriculture • NNSA – National Nuclear Security Administration • FAA – Fedral Aviation Administration. • ICBC: – Industrial and Commercial Bank of China – All it's 20,000 branches

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction For more information about Linux and who uses it visit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux http://news.netcraft.com/

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Linux Introduction  Linux Distributions: • RedHat • Centos • Fedora • BackTrack • Debian • Ubuntu • Unbreakable Linux

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Ubuntu Introduction  Why Ubuntu: • Simple • Easy to get it • Free • Famous • Good documentation • Good Internet support

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Ubuntu Introduction  How to get Ubuntu: • You can order our distribution from Menof • You can download it free of charge from here: http://www.ubuntu.com/GetUbuntu/download • You can download Sabily from here: http://www.sabily.org/website/index.php/en/sabily/d ownloads • You can order a free CD or DVD from here: https://shipit.ubuntu.com

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Ubuntu Installation steps  Before installation • What is a live CD? • File System: – It is a method of storing and organizing computer files and the date they contain to make it easy to find and access them(FAT, NTFS, EXT4). • Linux File System: – ext2 – ext3 – ext4 • Hard disk formatting using – GParted

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Ubuntu Installation steps  Main installation: • Booting live cd • Welcome message • Your location • Preparing disk space (manual) • Selecting Linux partitions • Setting username and password • Ready to install ??? • One missing step

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  GUI  Graphical User Interface • Types – GNOME – KDE – XFCE  Some details about GNOME • GNU Network Object Model Environment • Three menus – Applications – Places – System

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  GUI  Some small notes • Adding Arabic • Installing applications using – Ubuntu Software Center – Synaptic Package Manager – Add and Remove

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  GUI  Remember authentication: • First run the following command sudo gedit /usr/share/polkit- 1/actions/org.freedesktop.devicekit.disks.policy • Find the action id: org.freedesktop.devicekit.disks.filesystem-mount- system-internal • Within that action id look for the line: <allow_active>auth_admin_keep</allow_active> • replace it with: <allow_active>yes</allow_active>

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  Virtual Box  Installation  Create new virtual machine  Settings of virtual machines  General  System  Hard Disks  CD/DVD  Network

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  XChat  Installation  How to connect to channel /j #ChannelName  Register /msg nickserv register <password> <email>  Authenticate access /msg nickserv identify <password>  Problem • Server list disappear when your disk is full Sudo rm -f ~/.xchat2/servlist_.conf

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  XChat important channels  #linuxac  #ubunu  #centos  #fedora  #redhat  #microcontrollers  #oracle  #php

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  XChat important channels  #windows  #java  #c++  #c

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy Files and directories are organized into a single-rooted inverted tree structure

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy  /bin • Essential user command binaries  /sbin • System binaries  /boot • Files of the boot loader and kernel  /etc • Configuration files  /home • User's home directories

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy  /lib • Shared libraries  /media • Mount point for removable media  /mnt • Mount point for temporarily mounted file systems  /root • Root's home directories

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy  /usr • Non-essential user programs  /var • Variable files  /proc • Virtual documentation • Documentations for information about kernel and its work  /srv • Contains server data such as databases

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  File System hierarchy  /opt • Optional applications (Third-party programs)  /dev • Device files  /tmp • Temporary files

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  How to self study  www.linuxac.org  L2B Linux Guide  Virtual Box  www.google.com  IRC  Man Pages  RedHat Books

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  How to self study  www.arabhardware.com • Eng: Mostafa El-Tantawy – http://arabhardware.net/forum/showthread.php? t=102331&page=6 – http://4shared.com/dir/10800192/9e812230/Lunix.html

L2B First Linux Course L2B Linux course  How to self study  Ubuntu Linux For Novices  Practical guide to use Ubuntu Linux Arabic  Linux Bash Guide  ‫كتاب لينوكس الشامل‬

For More info Please Visit Our Facebook Group

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