Camera Types

Camera Types There are many kinds of cameras for many types of uses. Today we will learn about some of them. Any of them could be a digital camera.

Camera Types
One guys collections with some 50+ film cameras
http://www.flickr.com/photos/metalkpirate1day/2125008121/

Why So Many Different Types??

Main Camera Types
Single Lens Reflex
Twin Lens Reflex
Viewfinder
View Camera
Pinhole
Any of the above can be a Digital camera. A digital camera is simply the medium that an image is recorded on.

Pinhole Camera

Pinhole Diagram

S N A A

N Sort of

N Sort of N

N Sort of A A

S Not Really

S Not Really N

S Not Really N M

S N A A N N A N S Not Really N M N M N

Advantages of Pinhole Camera
Very inexpensive
Easy to make one…materials can be found from existing household items: oatmeal container (or similar item), aluminum foil and tape.
Artistic impression
Maximum depth of field (area in focus)

Disadvantages of Pinhole Camera
No controls
Long exposures
Can NOT view what the camera sees

Usages of Pinhole Cameras
Learn how light works
Learn how cameras work
Artsy photos

Be sure you can:
Determine which of the 15 features apply to each camera
List the advantages of your camera
List the disadvantages of your camera
List the usages of your camera

Types of Cameras, Part 2

Types of Cameras
5 Main Types (there are others)
Pinhole
Viewfinder
Single Lens Reflex
Twin Lens Reflex
View
*All of the above can be a digital camera

Pinhole Camera Lens Based Camera Obscura, 1568

Pinhole Camera
this is like the Camera Obscura…just a light tight box with a hole and cover as a shutter. Matchbox Pinhole Camera
a. Advantages: Easy to use, inexpensive…can make from home materials, Artsy view of subjects (impressionistic)
b. Disadvantages: No controls, low pictures quality

Viewfinder Digital Cameras

Viewfinder
Viewfinder - Uses a separate window for viewing as the lens for taking the picture. IOW, you are not really looking at a real live image. This applies to most P&S Digital Cameras.
a. Advantages: Easy to use, “point and shoot” cameras, focus free, small compact cameras
b. Disadvantages: Few controls…no creative picture control, low picture quality with the cheaper cameras (especially disposable with plastic parts)

Viewfinder

SLR – Single Lens Reflex
The Pentax K1000 and ZX-M are two SLRs we use.
Viewing & exposure is done through the same lens (TTL).

a. Advantages: TTL is best way to acquire images spontaneously, with no parallax error, TTL light metering, usually have a wide variety of interchangeable lenses, a variety of controlled adjustments with a wide range of shutter speeds, exposure assisted by a CPU
b. Disadvantages: Frequently have complicated controls, larger camera size, bulky when carrying extra lenses, shutter and mirror reflex system tends to be noisy

DSLR – Digital Single Lens Reflex
Pentax K100d DSLR we use in class.

SLR System

TLR – Twin Lens Reflex
Uses two lenses synchronized for viewing and exposure.

a. Advantages: Larger film size for high quality enlargements, TTL focusing due to the viewing and taking lenses being tied together, critical focus magnifier to give extra image detail, image always visible in viewfinder, even when the shutter is activated, convenience of both waist-level and eye level “shooting”.
b. Disadvantages: Lots of controls, large sized camera, many models do not have interchangeable lenses, image laterally reversed from left-to-right in the waist level viewfinder, some parallax error.

Size of Imager (film or sensor)

View
Digital Backs can be purchased for just about any camera. For a Medium Format camera expect to spend:
$30,000 or more!

View
Large format camera that allows for control of the focal plane, especially for use for landscape and architecture.

View
This photo of a mountain scene captured using a 4x5 View Camera and a 90mm wide-angle lens (roughly the equivalent of a 28mm lens in 35mm format). The foreground-to-background sharpness is a result of tilting the front standard, placing the focus plane diagonal to the film plane.

View
a. Advantages: Allows for perspective and distortion control of landscapes and architecture, large film size allows for very large prints (poster sized), variety of special-use attachments, directly viewing of the image TTL, wide selection of lenses
b. Disadvantages: Lots of controls, VERY large sized and heavy camera, most models require the use of a tripod, image difficult to see on viewing glass, takes considerable time to set up and use, image lost on viewing glass after film holder is inserted, photographer needs to know when and how to use the four standard movements.

View
Graflex Pacemaker Speed Graphic 4x5

View
Digital Back Alternative - This shows how Keith Cooper (http://www.northlight-images.co.uk/article_pages/canon-view-camera.html) adapted his Canon 1Ds as a digital back for a MPP monorail view camera.

Camera Types

by Drew Loker on Oct 22, 2008

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Camera Types — Presentation Transcript