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Understanding Population Pyramids
• We use population 
  pyramids to analyze 
  growth (or decline) 
  of fertility, mortality, 
  and migration in 
  cities…

         what is this
         population
        pyramid telling
            us?
the oldies
                                  population in 5 

economically                      year age bands



   active


the kiddos
                this can be a 
              percentage or a #
• There are three basic shapes…




                     the          the
    the
                     box          cup
   xmas
   tree
the christmas tree          the box                the cup
    (developing        (developed nation;     (developed nation; 
      nation)             slow growth)         negative growth)

  •growth rates are  •low infant mortality      •low birth rate
          slow           •slow population  •shrinking population
   •high birth rate            growth        •long life expectancy
•short life expectancy •long life expectancy


       Like?                  Like?                 Like?
     Namibia                 Sweden                  Italy
    Bangladesh                USA                   Japan
the
xmas
tree
the
box
few children 
 being born
                the
                cup
B
                                                              A               F
                                                                          E
                                                          H
                                               D
                                                                      C



A.   Ann Arbor, MI (University of Michigan)
                                                                  G
B.   Buffalo County, SD (Crow Creek Indian Reservation)
C.   Fort Bragg, NC (United States Army Base)  
D.   Leavenworth, KS (United States Penitentiary) 
E.   Manhattan, NYC (New York City)
F.   Northampton, MA (Smith College) 
G.   Punta Gorda, FL (retirement community)
H.   Springfield, IL (typical American city)
Ann Arbor,
          AGE
                                                         Michigan
  90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6   8   10
                                   PERCENT
Ft. Bragg,
          AGE
                                                         N. Carolina
  90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6   8   10
                                   PERCENT
Buffalo County,
          AGE
                                                     S. Dakota
  90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6    8   10
                                   PERCENT
Manhattan,
          AGE
                                                     New York
  90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6   8   10
                                   PERCENT
Springfield,
          AGE
                                                 Illinois
  90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6   8   10
                                   PERCENT
Punta Gorda,
          AGE
  90+ yrs.
                                                     Florida
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
 25-29 yrs
 20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
   5-9 yrs.
   0-4 yrs.

              10   8   6   4   2     0   2   4   6    8   10
                                   PERCENT
Northampton,
   AGE
                                                Massachusetts
 90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
  5-9 yrs.
  0-4 yrs.

             10   8   6   4   2   0     2   4    6   8   10


                              PERCENT
Leavenworth,
      AGE

                                                Kansas
 90+ yrs.
85-90 yrs.
80-84 yrs.
75-79 yrs.
70-74 yrs.
65-69 yrs.
60-64 yrs.
55-59 yrs.
50-54 yrs.
45-49 yrs.
40-44 yrs.
35-39 yrs.
30-34 yrs.
25-29 yrs
20-24 yrs
15-19 yrs.
10-14 yrs.
  5-9 yrs.
  0-4 yrs.

             10   8   6   4   2   0     2   4   6   8   10

                              PERCENT
Country                     Males                     Females
                 0‐19   20‐39 40‐59   60+   0‐19   20‐39 40‐59   60+
Argentina         19     15      10    6     18     15      11    8
Bangladesh        25     16       8    3     23     16       7    3
Brazil            20     17       9    3     19     17      10    4
Canada            13     15      14    7     12     15      14    9
China             17     18      11    5     16     17      11    5
Cuba              14     18      11    7     14     18      12    7
Egypt             24     16       9    3     23     15       9    3
France            13     14      13    9     12     14      13   12
Germany           11     15      14   10     10     14      13   14
Haiti             27     14       6    2     26     15       7    3
Honduras          27     15       6    2     26     15       6    3
India             22     16       9    4     21     15       9    4
Indonesia         21     17       9    3     20     17       9    4
Kenya             28     15       5    2     27     15       5    2
Mexico            22     16       8    3     21     17       8    4
Pakistan          27     15       7    2     25     14       7    2
Poland            14     15      13    7     14     14      14   10
Romania           13     16      12    8     12     15      13   11
Saudi Arabia      26     15      12    2     25     12       5    2
Thailand          17     19      10    4     17     18      10    5
United Kingdom    13     14      13    9     12     14      13   12

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Understanding Population Pyramids

  • 2. • We use population  pyramids to analyze  growth (or decline)  of fertility, mortality,  and migration in  cities… what is this population pyramid telling us?
  • 3. the oldies population in 5  economically year age bands active the kiddos this can be a  percentage or a #
  • 4. • There are three basic shapes… the the the box cup xmas tree
  • 5. the christmas tree the box the cup (developing (developed nation;  (developed nation;  nation) slow growth) negative growth) •growth rates are  •low infant mortality •low birth rate slow •slow population  •shrinking population •high birth rate growth •long life expectancy •short life expectancy •long life expectancy Like? Like? Like? Namibia Sweden Italy Bangladesh USA Japan
  • 9. B A F E H D C A. Ann Arbor, MI (University of Michigan) G B. Buffalo County, SD (Crow Creek Indian Reservation) C. Fort Bragg, NC (United States Army Base)   D. Leavenworth, KS (United States Penitentiary)  E. Manhattan, NYC (New York City) F. Northampton, MA (Smith College)  G. Punta Gorda, FL (retirement community) H. Springfield, IL (typical American city)
  • 10. Ann Arbor, AGE Michigan 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 11. Ft. Bragg, AGE N. Carolina 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 12. Buffalo County, AGE S. Dakota 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 13. Manhattan, AGE New York 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 14. Springfield, AGE Illinois 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 15. Punta Gorda, AGE 90+ yrs. Florida 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 16. Northampton, AGE Massachusetts 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 17. Leavenworth, AGE Kansas 90+ yrs. 85-90 yrs. 80-84 yrs. 75-79 yrs. 70-74 yrs. 65-69 yrs. 60-64 yrs. 55-59 yrs. 50-54 yrs. 45-49 yrs. 40-44 yrs. 35-39 yrs. 30-34 yrs. 25-29 yrs 20-24 yrs 15-19 yrs. 10-14 yrs. 5-9 yrs. 0-4 yrs. 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 PERCENT
  • 18. Country Males Females 0‐19 20‐39 40‐59 60+ 0‐19 20‐39 40‐59 60+ Argentina 19 15 10 6 18 15 11 8 Bangladesh 25 16 8 3 23 16 7 3 Brazil 20 17 9 3 19 17 10 4 Canada 13 15 14 7 12 15 14 9 China 17 18 11 5 16 17 11 5 Cuba 14 18 11 7 14 18 12 7 Egypt 24 16 9 3 23 15 9 3 France 13 14 13 9 12 14 13 12 Germany 11 15 14 10 10 14 13 14 Haiti 27 14 6 2 26 15 7 3 Honduras 27 15 6 2 26 15 6 3 India 22 16 9 4 21 15 9 4 Indonesia 21 17 9 3 20 17 9 4 Kenya 28 15 5 2 27 15 5 2 Mexico 22 16 8 3 21 17 8 4 Pakistan 27 15 7 2 25 14 7 2 Poland 14 15 13 7 14 14 14 10 Romania 13 16 12 8 12 15 13 11 Saudi Arabia 26 15 12 2 25 12 5 2 Thailand 17 19 10 4 17 18 10 5 United Kingdom 13 14 13 9 12 14 13 12