The Role of an Architect Mike Vincent http://mvasoftware.com MSDN Developer Track

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Privacy policy

Resources on Demand

Text “ThursATwo” to 95495

Respond with preferred email address

Resources/links from this session will be pushed to you via email

Wireless internet available in the lobby area

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Text Messaging

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Today’s Outline Why architects exist What architects do Why organizations need them What one needs to know to be one Where we are going as a profession

Why architects exist

What architects do

Why organizations need them

What one needs to know to be one

Where we are going as a profession

The Role of an Architect The role of the IT architect is to solve a problem by defining a system that can be implemented using technology. Good architects define systems by applying abstract knowledge and proven methods to a set of technologies with the goal of creating an extendible and maintainable solution.

The role of the IT architect is to solve a problem by defining a system that can be implemented using technology.

Good architects define systems by applying abstract knowledge and proven methods to a set of technologies with the goal of creating an extendible and maintainable solution.

The Role of an Architect “ Architects are seasoned, well-balanced professionals with good analytical and communication skills that raise the long-term success of IT projects. “ There are four core tenets I seek in architects in order to call them rock-solid role models in IT architecture profession: They should be actively practicing architects They should communicate up (to business owners), down (to technologists), and across (to other architects) They should bring predictability and repeatable success to IT projects They should have a vendor-neutral approach when creating architectures” -- Miha Kralj, Architect on Microsoft’s Architecture Strategy Team

“ Architects are seasoned, well-balanced professionals with good analytical and communication skills that raise the long-term success of IT projects.

“ There are four core tenets I seek in architects in order to call them rock-solid role models in IT architecture profession:

They should be actively practicing architects

They should communicate up (to business owners), down (to technologists), and across (to other architects)

They should bring predictability and repeatable success to IT projects

They should have a vendor-neutral approach when creating architectures”

-- Miha Kralj, Architect on Microsoft’s Architecture Strategy Team

The Role of an Architect “ An Architect provides the bridge and translation point between a business owner’s vision/intent and a technologists implementation of a system. They are responsible for defining and selling the shared system vision, designing the structure and cross cutting concerns of the system, and steering and measuring the ultimate implementation of the system to deliver business value.” -- Graham Elliott, Architect with Microsoft Consulting Services in Australia

“ An Architect provides the bridge and translation point between a business owner’s vision/intent and a technologists implementation of a system.

They are responsible for defining and selling the shared system vision, designing the structure and cross cutting concerns of the system, and steering and measuring the ultimate implementation of the system to deliver business value.”

-- Graham Elliott, Architect with Microsoft Consulting Services in Australia

Architect Roles Enterprise Solution Software Technical Information Database IT Business Security etc.

Enterprise

Solution

Software

Technical

Information

Database

IT

Business

Security

etc.

Architect Roles Enterprise Solution Software Technical Information Database IT Business Security etc.

Enterprise

Solution

Software

Technical

Information

Database

IT

Business

Security

etc.

Compare to Building Architecture Gather requirements, Understand client needs Conceptualize Create design Refine with client Prepare detailed plans and specifications Act as advocate of client in execution of design Gather requirements, Understand client needs Conceptualize Create design Refine with client Prepare prototype and detailed design Act as advocate of client in execution of design Building Architect IT Architect

Gather requirements, Understand client needs

Conceptualize

Create design

Refine with client

Prepare detailed plans and specifications

Act as advocate of client in execution of design

Gather requirements, Understand client needs

Conceptualize

Create design

Refine with client

Prepare prototype and detailed design

Act as advocate of client in execution of design

Building Architect

IT Architect

A Lot of Similarities, What’s Different Work Down Value Up

Work Down

Value Up

What We Do Definition Delivery

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

What We Do - Definition Definition Management of non-functional requirements Architecture definition Architecture collaboration Technology selection Architecture evaluation

Definition

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

What We Do - Delivery Delivery Ownership of the bigger picture Leadership Design, development and testing Coaching and mentoring Quality assurance

Delivery

Choosing the Right Tools for the Job Managing your SDLC process Consider a development framework COTS components Ajax Silverlight Dynamic Languages Functional Languages LINQ Do you need a rules engine? Connectivity Messaging Data transformations Do you need workflow? Scalability Security

Managing your SDLC process

Consider a development framework

COTS components

Ajax

Silverlight

Dynamic Languages

Functional Languages

LINQ

Do you need a rules engine?

Connectivity

Messaging

Data transformations

Do you need workflow?

Scalability

Security

Managing Your SDLC Process Software architecture is more than an overall guide to system design and construction for developers. As architects we have a responsibility to keep IT and the business stakeholders requirements in alignment. Software Development Life Cycle process management Why Benefits

Software architecture is more than an overall guide to system design and construction for developers. As architects we have a responsibility to keep IT and the business stakeholders requirements in alignment.

Software Development Life Cycle process management

Why

Benefits

Managing Your SDLC Process Process methodology CMMI Agile RUP Scrum Waterfall

Process methodology

CMMI

Agile

RUP

Scrum

Waterfall

Agile MSF

Consider a Development Framework A Framework facilitates software development with a degree of architectural consistency by allowing developers to focus on solving business problems rather than spending time and effort on low level ‘plumbing’ issues.

A Framework facilitates software development with a degree of architectural consistency by allowing developers to focus on solving business problems rather than spending time and effort on low level ‘plumbing’ issues.

Development Frameworks Foundation classes Application blocks Software factories Commercial frameworks Open source frameworks

Foundation classes

Application blocks

Software factories

Commercial frameworks

Open source frameworks

Development Frameworks Solve specific problems May be broadly or narrowly focused When adopting a framework you should understand and agree to play by the rules Can provide more than just plumbing Rapid development (although most frameworks are not necessarily RAD environments Development consistency in your shop One size does not fit all

Solve specific problems

May be broadly or narrowly focused

When adopting a framework you should understand and agree to play by the rules

Can provide more than just plumbing

Rapid development (although most frameworks are not necessarily RAD environments

Development consistency in your shop

One size does not fit all

COTS Components and Applications Commercial off the shelf components provide a broad and rich variety of pre built and tested tools, components and utilities. Speed up development Provide users with rich functionality Solutions to common requirements Solutions to very specific requirements An ERP system

Commercial off the shelf components provide a broad and rich variety of pre built and tested tools, components and utilities.

Speed up development

Provide users with rich functionality

Solutions to common requirements

Solutions to very specific requirements

An ERP system

The Right Technology Mix LINQ Ajax Silverlight Dynamic Languages Functional Languages

LINQ

Ajax

Silverlight

Dynamic Languages

Functional Languages

Do You Need a Rules Engine

What is a Rules Engine A software system that contains rules on behalf of another system Business rules guide the decision-making behavior of all business processes Business rules are the conditional criteria against which factual variables are evaluated to determine an appropriate business action. Provides a means to classify and manage rules in a centralized location.

A software system that contains rules on behalf of another system

Business rules guide the decision-making behavior of all business processes

Business rules are the conditional criteria against which factual variables are evaluated to determine an appropriate business action.

Provides a means to classify and manage rules in a centralized location.

Why Use A Rules Engine Change Maintainability Separate rules from implementation methods Extensibility of requirements Ownership of rules Preserve rule comprehensibility Enable dynamic binding Don’t have to recompile to implement changes

Change

Maintainability

Separate rules from implementation methods

Extensibility of requirements

Ownership of rules

Preserve rule comprehensibility

Enable dynamic binding

Don’t have to recompile to implement changes

Connectivity Business needs Support Process Improvement Build business Add partners Grow geographically Be agile Get ahead of the competition Respond to change Reduce total cost of ownership Reduce and control operations costs

Business needs

Support Process Improvement

Build business

Add partners

Grow geographically

Be agile

Get ahead of the competition

Respond to change

Reduce total cost of ownership

Reduce and control operations costs

Connectivity – SOA, Why? Improved adaptability Improved agility Respond to business needs in near real-time Functional reusability Eliminate the need for large scale rip and replace Independent change management Focus on configuration rather than programming Interoperability instead of point-to-point integration Loosely coupled framework, services in network Orchestrate rather than integrate Configuration rather than development to deliver business needs

Improved adaptability

Improved agility

Respond to business needs in near real-time

Functional reusability

Eliminate the need for large scale rip and replace

Independent change management

Focus on configuration rather than programming

Interoperability instead of point-to-point integration

Loosely coupled framework, services in network

Orchestrate rather than integrate

Configuration rather than development to deliver business needs

Shift to a Service-Oriented Architecture Function oriented Build to last Prolonged development cycles Process oriented Build to change Incrementally built and deployed From To Application silos Tightly coupled Object oriented Known implementation Orchestrated solutions Loosely coupled Message oriented Abstraction

Function oriented

Build to last

Prolonged development cycles

Process oriented

Build to change

Incrementally built and deployed

Application silos

Tightly coupled

Object oriented

Known implementation

Orchestrated solutions

Loosely coupled

Message oriented

Abstraction

SOA Start-up Checklist Decide What Functionality to Expose Understand Your Business Invest in SOA Management or an ESB Keep a Close Eye on Underlying Application Platforms Plan for a Registry and Repository Consider Hardware Acceleration Decide if you Need a Firewall

Decide What Functionality to Expose

Understand Your Business

Invest in SOA Management or an ESB

Keep a Close Eye on Underlying Application Platforms

Plan for a Registry and Repository

Consider Hardware Acceleration

Decide if you Need a Firewall

Messaging How do I integrate multiple applications? File transfer Shared Database Remoting XML

How do I integrate multiple applications?

File transfer

Shared Database

Remoting

XML

Messaging - Desirable Characteristics Frequent Immediate De-coupled Asynchronous Reliable Efficient

Frequent

Immediate

De-coupled

Asynchronous

Reliable

Efficient

Messaging – Basic Concepts Channels Messages Pipes and Filters Routing Transformation Endpoints

Channels

Messages

Pipes and Filters

Routing

Transformation

Endpoints

Messaging with an Enterprise Service Bus Use messaging to transfer packets frequently, immediately, reliably and asynchronously using customizable formats

Use messaging to transfer packets frequently, immediately, reliably and asynchronously using customizable formats

Data Transformations Data transformation is the mapping and conversion of data from one format to another XML-to-XML XML-to-nonXML nonXML-to-XML Typically implemented with standards based tools XSLT XQuery

Data transformation is the mapping and conversion of data from one format to another

XML-to-XML

XML-to-nonXML

nonXML-to-XML

Typically implemented with standards based tools

XSLT

XQuery

Data Transformations Powerful GUI based transformations tools Mappers – Drag and Drop Code – Type and Type quote.name = priceQuoteDoc.customerName; quote.address = StringFormat(“{0} {1} {2} {3} {4}”, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.street, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.city, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.state, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.zip );

Powerful GUI based transformations tools

Mappers – Drag and Drop

Code – Type and Type quote.name = priceQuoteDoc.customerName;

quote.address = StringFormat(“{0} {1} {2} {3} {4}”, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.street, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.city, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.state, priceQuoteDoc.shipAddress.zip );

Data Transformations Complex Mapping

Complex Mapping

Data Transformations Transformations Batch De-batch Legacy Standards EDI HL7 HIPPA SWIFT Internal/Canonical Exposed to Business

Transformations

Batch

De-batch

Legacy

Standards

EDI HL7 HIPPA SWIFT

Internal/Canonical

Exposed to Business

Orchestration and Workflow Manage process execution Sequential Parallel Long running Manage human workflow Process interaction

Manage process execution

Sequential

Parallel

Long running

Manage human workflow

Process interaction

Workflow Rules-driven Activities Step2 Step1 Rule1 Rule2 Data Rules + data state drive processing order Data-driven Simple Conditions, complex Policies Constrained Activity Group State Machine Workflow Event Event External events drive processing order Reactive, event-driven Skip/re-work, exception handling Graph metaphor Sequential Workflow Step1 Step2 Sequential structure prescribes processing order Prescriptive, formal Automation scenarios Flowchart metaphor State2 State1

Data-driven

Simple Conditions, complex Policies

Constrained Activity Group

Reactive, event-driven

Skip/re-work, exception handling

Graph metaphor

Prescriptive, formal

Automation scenarios

Flowchart metaphor

Scalability Scale out Scale up Use web services to scale Windows Azure

Scale out

Scale up

Use web services to scale

Windows Azure

Security Good security is not a bolt on Platforms and components you use contribute to the overall security of your solution You are responsible for the security of your integration Review with best practices

Good security is not a bolt on

Platforms and components you use contribute to the overall security of your solution

You are responsible for the security of your integration

Review with best practices

Security – Frame of Reference Configuration Management Data Protection in Storage and Transit Authentication Authorization User & Session Management Data Validation Error Handling & Exception Management Auditing and Logging

Configuration Management

Data Protection in Storage and Transit

Authentication

Authorization

User & Session Management

Data Validation

Error Handling & Exception Management

Auditing and Logging

Why Organizations Need Us

Why Organizations Need Us A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage

A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage

Why Organizations Need Us A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past

A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage

Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past

Why Organizations Need Us A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past Legacy systems are expensive and hard to change

A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage

Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past

Legacy systems are expensive and hard to change

Why Organizations Need Us A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past Legacy systems are expensive and hard to change But replacing them threatens the very "life" of the organization

A successful architecture forms the platform for strategic advantage

Lack of architecture bonds the organization inescapably to its past

Legacy systems are expensive and hard to change

But replacing them threatens the very "life" of the organization

Why Organizations Need Us Symptoms of architectural decay

Symptoms of architectural decay

Why Organizations Need Us Symptoms of architectural decay Brittle monolithic systems

Symptoms of architectural decay

Brittle monolithic systems

Why Organizations Need Us Symptoms of architectural decay Brittle monolithic systems Silo applications

Symptoms of architectural decay

Brittle monolithic systems

Silo applications

Why Organizations Need Us Symptoms of architectural decay Brittle monolithic systems Silo applications Long and unpredictable development times

Symptoms of architectural decay

Brittle monolithic systems

Silo applications

Long and unpredictable development times

Why Organizations Need Us We need architecture to

We need architecture to

Why Organizations Need Us We need architecture to Break the chains of our corporate legacy

We need architecture to

Break the chains of our corporate legacy

Why Organizations Need Us We need architecture to Break the chains of our corporate legacy Build systems that fit the environment

We need architecture to

Break the chains of our corporate legacy

Build systems that fit the environment

Why Organizations Need Us We need architecture to Break the chains of our corporate legacy Build systems that fit the environment Adapt with the environment as it changes

We need architecture to

Break the chains of our corporate legacy

Build systems that fit the environment

Adapt with the environment as it changes

Why Organizations Need Us Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for

Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for

Why Organizations Need Us Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for Agility

Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for

Agility

Why Organizations Need Us Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for Agility Responsiveness

Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for

Agility

Responsiveness

Why Organizations Need Us Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for Agility Responsiveness Effectiveness

Whether we seek to lead through innovation, customer intimacy or operational excellence, Architecture is the essential foundation for

Agility

Responsiveness

Effectiveness

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture

Architecture

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation Is the enabler for reliable systems

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Is the enabler for reliable systems

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation Is the enabler for reliable systems Is solutions developed in "Internet time"

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Is the enabler for reliable systems

Is solutions developed in "Internet time"

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation Is the enabler for reliable systems Is solutions developed in "Internet time" Is systems that scale

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Is the enabler for reliable systems

Is solutions developed in "Internet time"

Is systems that scale

Why Organizations Need Us Architecture Addresses complexity Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation Is the enabler for reliable systems Is solutions developed in "Internet time" Is systems that scale Is systems that "Wow" customers with an individualized experience

Architecture

Addresses complexity

Leaves the team mind-space open to innovation

Is the enabler for reliable systems

Is solutions developed in "Internet time"

Is systems that scale

Is systems that "Wow" customers with an individualized experience

IT Architect Skills

IT Architect Skills Domain Knowledge Horizontal Vertical

Domain Knowledge

Horizontal

Vertical

IT Architect Skills Domain Knowledge Horizontal Vertical Conceptual Thinking Communication

Domain Knowledge

Horizontal

Vertical

Conceptual Thinking

Communication

IT Architect Skills Domain Knowledge Horizontal Vertical Conceptual Thinking Communication Patterns More communication

Domain Knowledge

Horizontal

Vertical

Conceptual Thinking

Communication

Patterns

More communication

IT Architect Skills Domain Knowledge Horizontal Vertical Conceptual Thinking Communication Patterns More communication Technical Code YAGNI Understand where technologies are applicable

Domain Knowledge

Horizontal

Vertical

Conceptual Thinking

Communication

Patterns

More communication

Technical

Code

YAGNI

Understand where technologies are applicable

Soft Skills

Soft Skills

Architect Competency Domains

Technology

Business Strategy

Organizational Politics

Consulting

Leadership

Building Our Profession The IT Environment Business Technology Strategy Design Human Dynamics Quality Attributes Software Architecture Infrastructure http://www.iasahome.org/web/home/skillset

The IT Environment

Business Technology Strategy

Design

Human Dynamics

Quality Attributes

Software Architecture

Infrastructure

http://www.iasahome.org/web/home/skillset

Body of Knowledge - ArcBOK

Education Formal IT Architecture education is evolving We are a few years away from degree programs Extended education certificate programs IASA Fundamentals of IT Architecture Courses Software Architecture Courses Infrastructure Architecture Courses Business Architecture Courses http://www.iasahome.org/c/portal/layout?p_l_id=PUB.9871.49

Formal IT Architecture education is evolving

We are a few years away from degree programs

Extended education certificate programs

IASA

Fundamentals of IT Architecture Courses

Software Architecture Courses

Infrastructure Architecture Courses

Business Architecture Courses

http://www.iasahome.org/c/portal/layout?p_l_id=PUB.9871.49

Certification Microsoft Certified Architect The Open Group Architecture Framework Control our professional destiny Will we be regulated? Influence and guide regulators to optimal decisions Avoid knee-jerk, politically guided decisions in haste

Microsoft Certified Architect

The Open Group Architecture Framework

Control our professional destiny

Will we be regulated?

Influence and guide regulators to optimal decisions

Avoid knee-jerk, politically guided decisions in haste

Call to Action Get involved with a local user group http://SoCalDotNetArchitecture.org Get involved with a professional organization http://www.IASAhome.org Contribute to building ArcBOK, email miha.kralj@microsoft.com

Get involved with a local user group http://SoCalDotNetArchitecture.org

Get involved with a professional organization http://www.IASAhome.org

Contribute to building ArcBOK, email miha.kralj@microsoft.com

Wrap-up MSDN Architecture Center http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/default.aspx The Role of an Architect http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc505966.aspx The Role of the Architect http://www.bredemeyer.com/pdf_files/role.pdf IASA http://www.iasahome.org SoCal .NET Architecture http://www.socaldotnetarchitecture.org Architect Soft Skills http://dobbscodetalk.com/index.php?option=com_myblog&show=Architect-Soft-Skills.html&Itemid=29 The Role of a Hands-on Software Architect http://www.codingthearchitecture.com/pages/book/role.html

MSDN Architecture Center http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/default.aspx

The Role of an Architect http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc505966.aspx

The Role of the Architect http://www.bredemeyer.com/pdf_files/role.pdf

IASA http://www.iasahome.org

SoCal .NET Architecture http://www.socaldotnetarchitecture.org

Architect Soft Skills http://dobbscodetalk.com/index.php?option=com_myblog&show=Architect-Soft-Skills.html&Itemid=29

The Role of a Hands-on Software Architect http://www.codingthearchitecture.com/pages/book/role.html