user generated content online and political processes: conceptual problems of policy, media and legal regulation

u ser generated content online and political processes : conceptual problems of policy, media and legal regulation Liutauras Ulevičius MRU, 2009

conceptual challenges
how should virtual communication be optimally employed as democracy and political discourse catalyst?
user generated vs. illegal content – creating procedures of evaluation, authentification and liability?
content creators and media status – when should users be deemed as media-like subjects?

definitions

user generated content (UGC)
defining UGC
no definition
specifying UGC
user interaction as a response or as creativity
virtual form
categorizing UGC
... impossible?
... ever evol v ing?

user generated content (UGC)
interaction and feedback
comments
polls
social networks (utilization of uniting factor)
general (facebook, ...)
empowering frameworks (photo, geneology, ...)
user-driven discourse
blogs (media-like function)
forums, email lists
initiative civil society!

information & political processes
legal environment
Reklamos įstatymas
Politinių partijų ir politinių kampanijų finansavimo įstatymas
Visuomenės informavimo įstatymas
Nepilnamečių apsaugos nuo neigiamo viešosios informacijos poveikio įstatymas
...

information & political processes
political campaigns
Barack Obama fund-raising and support consolidation
public discourse (opinions, ...)
Racas.lt vs. Ingrida Šimonytė

policy

defining UGC
“ political call for action”  negative UGC on political activities in www.delfi.lt
Law on Provision of Information to the Public, 2006+ editions
information society media
individual request
distant
Information society service
(no) usually paid

Lithuanian case law
Media Ethics Inspector, 2007 Nr. SPR-9
situation:
www.blogas.lt/kaboom
content – instructions how to make explosives
legal evaluation – public information, negative effect to minors
decision:
blog-farm owner / author(s) to be liable
notice-and-take-down procedure

adaptation ad hoc ?
sub-conclusions:
no support for criticism ...
“ traditional” means to prosecute
no framework to support freedom of expression

media subjects
publishers
editors
j ournalists
public authorities (ethics, self-government, ...)
... internet users ???

Council of Europe
C ommittee of Experts on New Media, 2009.09.28-30, Strasbourg:
elaborating a policy document reviewing the concept of media itself to include relevant new media and media-like mass communication services and service providers
application to the new services or service providers of Council of Europe standards that were developed for traditional forms of mass communication
regulatory activities required to ensure respect for Council of Europe values in the framework of new media and media-like mass communication services

Lithuanian case law
Lietuvos vyriausiasis administracinis teismas, administrative case Nr. A 444 -70/2009, 2009.04.20:
are bloggers entitled to the same legal protection as journalists?
<...> pakanka nustatyti, ar fizinis asmuo profesionaliai renka, rengia ir teikia medžiagą, kurią pats panaudoja veikdamas kaip viešosios informacijos rengėjas

Lithuanian case law online user citizen journalist professional way to collect, analyse and disseminate information

media changes, users empowered?
sub-conclusions:
every online user is partially a journalist
factor of professionalism
media rights for online users are still to fight for ... although first cases are encouraging
media not willing to share the rights and privileges

legal regulation

problem Nr.1
lack of u nified approach
legal environment
EU directives
Law on the Provision of Information to the Public
concept of Information society service
CoE, EU-wide ???

problem Nr. 2
obligations = rights (prof. A.Vaišvila)
if ... then ...
media-like are liable!
media-like should be equal to media
formal approval needed

problem Nr. 3
pluralism and protection of different opinions
ECJ cases
racial, etc. hatred, discrimination – real cases and real problems
limits between freedom of expression vs. interest of others

conclusions

Thank you! Questions? Liutauras Ulevičius, MRU, 2009 – www.ulevičius.lt Presentation artwork from: http://propellingbrands.wordpress.com , www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk , www.socialtimes.com , http://noontje.files.wordpress.com , www.industrialsearchenginemarketing.com , Time Inc.

user generated content online and political processes: conceptual problems of policy, media and legal regulation

by Liutauras Ulevičius on Nov 05, 2009

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