C for Linux
Session 2
C Syntax
BY:
Eng.Riham AlDakkak
System Administrator

Getting Started
What tools do I need to get started?
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gcc, text editor
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Say hello to the world in C
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Compilation and execution
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A Closer look at the program
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A look at a C program structure
General form of a C program is as
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pre­processor directives
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global declarations
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main()
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other functions
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Variables
Variable declaration
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C is a static typing language
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int x, y;
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int x=0, y=1; //initialization
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Language Predefined data types
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double, float
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(signed, unsigned ) int, short, long, long long
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char, unsigned char – ASCIIure
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Variable Declaration: Continue
Language Predefined data types
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Memory
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User defined types: typedef, structure
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Scopes
Global Variables
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{} operator
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Example on scopes
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Operators
Arithmetic (*, / ,% ,+ ,­ ,pre/post++, pre/post­­)
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Relational (<,>,<=,>=,==,!=, !)
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Logical (&&, ||) and Bitwise (>> ,<< ,& ,^ ,| ,~ )
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Assignment (=,+=,­=,*=,/=,<<=,>>=, %=,|
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=,&=,^=)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operators_in_C_and
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_C++

Casting
Explicit cast
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char x = 'a'; int y = (int) x;
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int x = 5; char y = (char) x;
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Arithmetic Conversions
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Widening
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Type balancing
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Sign balancing
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Conditionals
If statement
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switch statement
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ternary operator ?
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x=10;
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y = x>9 ? 100:200;
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Loops
for example
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while example
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do while example
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break and continue example (good point to
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show infinite loop)