This PPt is about the creativity development in the US and reasons why the US has such many creative ideas and inventions. There is a complex of different components for creativity: personality, environment, culture, policies and education. The question is whether Vietnam can develop creative education?

1. Dr. Tran Thi Bich Lieu
hoangdanlieu@yahoo.com
(2005-06)
Dr. Sarah Mackenzie
mackenziesarahv@gmail.com
(2012)

3. Agenda
What is your creativity quotient?
How and why are Americans so prolific with
regard to innovations in many fields?
 How do American parents, teachers and
schools cultivate creativity?
 Should developing creative thinking be a
priority for Vietnam? If so, how could we
accomplish this?

4. How creative are you?
• Please complete the test, count your scores and
then compare them to the results in the next
slide.

6. • Consider your scores in the various categories.
• In what ways are you creative?
• Please share the factors in your experience that
encouraged or discouraged your creativity with
your peer.
Everyone can be creative, but what obstacles
prevent you from being creative?

7. A contemporary story of creativity
(and entrepreneurship)

8. USA – A Country of Important Inventions
1- 1800
USA: 5 UK: 18 Germany: 5 France: 7 Other countries: 13
1801-1850
USA: 2 UK: 9 German: 3 France: 5 Other countries: 2
1901-1950
USA: 26 UK: 2 German: 8 France: 1 Other countries: 8
1951-2000
USA: 19 UK: 1 German: 1 France: 0 Other countries: 3
Source: History of inventions

11. What nurtures creativity and
inventiveness in the US?
• Environment/Ethos
• Policies
• Investment
• Education

12. Environment for creativity
History: of Discovery and
Exploration
Politics: Guarantee of Freedom of
Expression and Access to
Information
Go
West,
Demographics: Melting Pot and
young the American Dream
man!

13. Culture:
•Individualism
•Belief in oneself
•Tolerance of
eccentricity (ki di)
•Risk-taking and
learning from
failure
•Competitiveness
AND Cooperation
•Focus on the
Future
If at first you don’t succeed, try and try again!

14. Policies
K-12 Education:Increase America’s talent pool by vastly
improving K–12 science and mathematics education.
(10,000 Teachers, 10 Million Minds)
Higher education: Make the United States the most
attractive place for the best and brightest
students, scientists, and engineers from within the United
States and throughout the world. (Best and Brightest)
(Committee on Prospering in the Global Economy of the 21st Century: An
Agenda for American Science and Technology for a Brighter Economic Future)

15. More Policies
• Research (Sowing the Seeds): invest in long-term basic
research to maintain the flow of new ideas that fuel the
economy, provide security, and enhance the quality of life.
• Economics (Incentives for Innovation): Ensure that the United
States is the premier place in the world to innovate; invest in
downstream activities such as manufacturing and marketing; and
create high-paying jobs based on innovation by such actions as
modernizing the patent system, realigning tax policies to
encourage innovation, and ensuring affordable broadband
access.

16. The Creative Monopoly
• DAVID BROOKS
We live in a culture that nurtures competitive
skills. And they are necessary: discipline, rigor
and reliability. But it’s probably a good idea to try
to supplement them with the skills of the creative
monopolist: alertness, independence and the
ability to reclaim forgotten traditions.
Everybody worries about American
competitiveness. That may be the wrong problem.
The future of the country will probably be
determined by how well Americans can succeed
at being monopolists.

17. Investment for R&D
The most innovation Competition ranking Ranking by GDP/capita HDI Investment(% of GDP)
Countries 2011
1.Switzerland 1 17 11(0,903) 2.99
2.Sweden 2 23 10(0904) 3.95($10440.90 mill)
3. Singapore 3 5 26(0,866) 2.5
4. Hong Kong (China) 11 13 13(0,898)
5. Finland 7 34 22(0,892) 3.87
6. Denmark 9 29 16(0,895) 3.06
7. US 4 11 4(0,910) 2.68
($312,535.40
mill)
8. Canada 10 22 6 (0,908) 1.99 ($21047.60 mill)
9. Netherland 8 21 3 (0,910) 1.83
10.UK 12 37 28(0,863) 1.88 ($33231.20 mill)
11.Iceland 31 25 7(0,908) 3.11

18. Investment in Higher Education
MIT economist and Nobel Laureate Robert Solow
estimates that more than half of America's economic
growth since World War II can be traced to technological
innovation - much of it spawned through government-
funded, university-based research. (Susan Hockfield, a
guest columnist, is president of the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, 2008).

19. Why education for creativity?

20. “Human creativity is the ultimate economic
resource.”

21. “The future belongs to a very different kind of
person…
with a very different kind
of mind.…These people
– artists, inventors,
caregivers, consolers,
big picture thinkers –
will now reap society’s
richest rewards and
share its greatest joys.”

22. Simultaneously, creativity exists in the manager
as well as in the artist…The more open and
free form creativity is what the artist
displays, while the manager, who is creative
with sales strategies or dealing with people, is
being creative in a different, more refined and
focused way. It’s not usually looked upon as
creativity, but it is. Marshall Barnes

23. Creative qualities – Can we develop them?

24. You can't make your child creative, he simply is creative. ~ David Peat
HOW DO PARENTS AND
TEACHERS NURTURE CREATIVE
MINDS?

25. Let them play

26. Encourage risk-taking

27. Allow exploration and experimentation;
cultivate engagement

28. Support perseverance
• Recognize all the people
and experiences that
made you who you
are— genius didn’t
spring spontaneously
• 10,000 hours to be an
expert

29. Embrace ambiguity and chaos

30. Tinkering school ~Gever Tulley

31. Help them seek intrinsic (not extrinsic)
rewards (Explore oneself)
As adults we have internalized authority; we have
roles, models, values that are not are own, goals
that are placed upon us. All this can destroy
creativity. The deadline, the writer's block, the
program's goals - all can kill. By
contrast, creativity is unconditioned, it is its own
reward. But external goals, rules, etc. that
become internalized can destroy creativity and
cripple the mind. David Peat

32. Recognize individual “intelligence”

33. Use the latest brain research

34. Recent Research Suggests Teaching Suggestions
The brain performs many functions Employ a layered curriculum to reach all kids
simultaneously. Learning is enhanced by a recognizing that it’s more than just time..
rich environment with a variety of stimuli. some have to do things, some have to hear,
not enough to read
Learning engages the entire physiology. Create a sense of community and
Physical development, personal comfort, and connection with students—when they feel
emotional state affect the ability to learn. safe the amygdala is less involved and
opportunity for learning is greatly increased.
The search for meaning is innate. The mind's Motivation and attention come from helping
natural curiosity can be engaged by complex children find meaning for themselves
and meaningful challenges.
The brain is designed to perceive and Present information in context (real life
generate patterns. science, thematic instruction) so the learner
can identify patterns and connect with
previous experiences.

35. A school using brain-based learning
concepts

36. Teacher practice and creativity
• Teaching creativity requires that we “go deep” with
children rather than providing them with more
information. And, given that human performance is
not directly teachable, it means setting the
conditions under which creativity flourishes. It also
means, as in the case of the modern art example, that
we may not know creativity until we see it. None of
these methods fits well with a data-driven,
standards-based accountability system. Thom Markham

37. Suggestions for teachers from Thom
Markham
• Speak the language of • Don’t label students as
creativity. ―smart.‖
• Emphasize questions • Encourage open-ended
and inquiry. and ―out of the box‖
thinking.
• Project Based Learning • Address important, real
questions.
• Use breakthrough
assessments. • Rubrics with a ―what’s
cool‖ category.

38. Teach to the iceberg
Below the tip of the iceberg is 90%
of the human being. Teaching
creativity requires shifting our
attention to the process of inner
discovery, allowing students time
to reflect, discuss, and
brainstorm, as well as using
proven methods for getting the
creative juices flowing, such as
mindfulness, meditation, silence,
or structured interactive exercises.

39. Focus on the whole child
Kĩ nănggiảngdạyvà đánh giá
TK 21
Cognitive Skills:
Kĩ năngnhậnthức
Conative skills:
Kĩ năngtự nhận thức
http://www.marzanoresearch.com/re
producibles/teaching_assessing.aspx

40. Cognitive Skills: Kĩ năngnhậnthức
• Analyzing and utilizing
information
Phântíchvàsửdụngthông tin
• Addressing complex problems
and issues problem-based
learning
• Chú trọng các vấn đề phức hợp và
học tập dựa trên vấn đề
• Creating patterns and mental
models
• Sáng tạo các mẫu, các thiết kế
và mô hình cảm xúc, trí tuệ
40

41. Specific Cognitive Chi tiếtkĩnăngnhậnthức
Skills
Analyzing and Navigating digital resources (Duyệt các nguồn tài liệu)
Utilizing Information Identifying common logical errors (Xác định các lỗi logic thông thường)
Phântíchvàsửdụngthông
tin
Addressing Generating conclusions (Đưa ra kết luận)
Complex Presenting and supporting claims (Trình bày và hỗ trợ kết luận)
Problems & Issues Focus (Tập trung)
ĐặtvàGiảiquyếtvấnđề Divergent and convergent thinking (Suynghĩgiốngvàkhácnhau)
Problem solving protocol (Các bước giải quyết vấn đề)
Creating Identifying relationships between ideas (Xác định mốiquanhệgiữacácýtưởng)
Patterns and Creating graphic representations (Trình bày đồ họa)
Mental Generating mental images ( hình dung hình ảnh)
Models Conducting thought experiments (Tiếnhànhthínghiệmgiảtưởng)
Sángtạomôhìnhvàmẫu Performing mental rehearsal (Tiếnhànhluyệntập)
41

42. Conative skills
Kĩ năngtựnhậnthức
• The aspect of mental Knowledge and
processes or behavior Understanding of Self
directed toward action or (intrapersonal)
change and including Nhận thức và hiểu biết bản
impulse, desire, volition, thân
and striving. Các khía Knowledge and
cạnh của quá trình tâm Understanding of
lý hoặc hành vi trực tiếp Others (interpersonal)
hướng về hành động hay
sự thay đổi bao gồm ý Nhận thức và hiểu người
chí, mong muốn và phấn khác
đấu.
42

43. Specific Conative Skills
Kĩ năng tự nhận thức đặc thù
Understanding Becoming Aware of the power of
and interpretations
(Cókhảnăngdiễngiải)
Controlling Cultivating useful ways of
Oneself thinking
(Nuôi dưỡng suy nghĩ tích cực)
Nhận biết và Avoiding Negative Ways of
kiểm soát bản thinking
thân (Tránh suy nghĩ tiêu cực)
Understanding Perspective taking
and Cùng tham gia
Interacting Responsible interaction
with others Trách nhiệm tương tác
43

44. Can we teach creativity in Vietnam?
• Lão nông lớp bốn và Chiếc máy thái hành tự động ! ( Onion Cutting Machine -
farmer)
• Chế tạo máy rửa bát mang thương hiệu Việt Nam (Dish washer: farmer)
• Máysấytầngsôitạohạt do Việt Nam chếtạo (Drying machine - engineer)
• Sinh viên chế tạo xe chạy xăng- điện (Car runs by both petrol & electricity by
students)

45. Please do a SWOT analysis for developing
creativity in Vietnam
Strengths Weaknesses
Opportunities Threats

46. Be creative!

47. Links for Creativity
• www.iferd.edu.vn
• Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing
and Employing America for a Brighter
Economic Future
http://books.nap.edu/catalog/11463.html
• www.edutopia.org/
• www.waldorfearlychildhood.org/article.asp?id
=8

48. Conclusion
• Creativity definitions
• Factors impacting creativity
• How to develop creativity

49. US inventions and inventors by years
Invention Year Author
Cộtthulôi 1752 Benjamin Franklin
Tàungầm 1755 David Bushnell
Kínhhaitròng 1780 Benjamin Franklin
Tàu thủy (gắn động cơ hơi nước, sau đó 1786 John Fitch
được Robert Fulton cải tiến)
Máytỉahạtbông 1793 Eli Whitney
Chânvịt 1084 John Stevens
Máy đánh chữ 1829 William A.Burt
Nhựatổnghợp Bakelite Leo Hendrik Baekeland
Ốngchânkhông 3 cực (triode) Lee De Forest

50. US inventions and inventors by years
Invention Year Author
Máy điều hòa không khí 1911 Willis Carrier
Đèn hơi thủy ngân 1912 Peter Cooper Hewitt
Phươngpháp cracking dầumỏ William Meriam Burton
Máythusóngvôtuyến (radio) 1913 Ernst Alexanderson, Reginald
Aubrey Fessenden
Súng trường tự động 1916 John Moses Browning
Ống Coolidge William David Coolidge[2]
Ống điện tử iconoscope Vladimir Kosma Zworykin

51. US inventions and inventors by years
Invention Year Author
Bom hydro 1952 Edward Teller và Stanislaw Ulam
Pin mặttrời 1954 Bell Telephone Laboratory
Mạch điện tử tích hợp (IC) 1958 Jack Kilby, Robert Noyce
Diode phátquang (LED) 1962 Diode phátquang (LED)
Hiểnthịtinhthểlỏng (LCD) 1964 George Heimeier
Gene nhântạo 1970 HarGobind Khorana
Tàuvũtrụ con thoi 1981 NASA
….

52. Some samples of US inventions
…steam boat, automobile, stop sign, shredded wheat,
telephone, submarine, zipper, bottle cap,
refrigerator, telegraph, tractor, ice cream scoop, the
internet, i-phone, post-its, computer, TV, video
games, laser disk, photocopier, traffic lights,
airplanes, A-bomb, cruise control, remote control,
microwave oven, electric guitar, deodorant,
fiberglass, X-ray, beach ball, computer, sunglasses,
shopping cart, chair lift, Ferris wheel Phillips head
screw, trampoline, black light, golf cart, toilet
brush, bubble gum, assembly line, thumb tack, key
punch, laxative, Teddy Bear, hearing aid, periscope,
air conditioning, tea bag, banana split…