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World	
  Resources	
  Forum	
  2013	
  
Davos,	
  9th	
  October	
  
Topic	
  4:	
  Lifestyles	
  and	
  EducaEon	
  
Session	
  on	
  Food	
  &	
  NutriEon	
  
Back	
  to	
  basic	
  needs?	
  	
  
The	
  role	
  of	
  food	
  and	
  nutriEon	
  	
  
in	
  a	
  sustainable	
  material	
  footprint	
  
	
  
Michael	
  LeMenmeier	
  
D-­‐mat	
  ltd.	
  
Holger	
  Rohn,	
  Christa	
  Liedtke,	
  Johannes	
  Buhl,	
  Jola	
  Welfens	
  
Wuppertal	
  InsEtute	
  for	
  Climate,	
  Environment	
  and	
  Energy	
  
 _______________	
  __________	
  
	
  _____	
  	
  ____	
  
	
  _____	
  	
  ____	
  
	
  _____	
  	
  ____	
  
	
  _____	
  	
  ____	
  
Mastertex*ormat	
  bearbeiten	
  
Zweite	
  Ebene	
  
Dri4e	
  Ebene	
  
Vierte	
  Ebene	
  
Fün8e	
  Ebene	
  
9.10.2013	
  
Our	
  present	
  resource	
  use:	
  as	
  if	
  we	
  had	
  four	
  planets...	
  
"The	
  industrial	
  countries	
  act	
  as	
  if	
  there	
  
were	
  several	
  earths	
  available.	
  Thus,	
  
without	
  a	
  radical	
  increase	
  in	
  resource	
  
producJvity	
  there	
  will	
  be	
  no	
  sustainable	
  
development."	
  
	
  Schmidt-­‐Bleek	
  (2009):	
  The	
  Earth.	
  
Source:	
  Wuppertal	
  InsJtute	
  2007	
  
Picture:	
  ©	
  Wuppertal	
  InsJtute	
  
2	
  
Material Footprint = Ecological backpack
•  Invisible material burden of a
product, service or lifestyle
•  Considers the whole life-cycle:
mining – manufacturing –
consumption – waste disposal
•  Includes abiotic resources,
biotic resources and soil
erosion in agriculture
•  Can be applied on all levels:
material, product, service,
company, household, country,
world
© seppo.net
3	
  
Material	
  footprint	
  of	
  households	
  
31./2. Dez. 2011
Factor 3 below average already achieved
Average Finnish
household
Factor 9 difference between the households
Sustainable level
8 tonnes: nobody
reached it
•  27	
  different	
  Finnish	
  households:	
  13…120	
  tonnes/cap./a	
  
(Kotakorpi	
  et	
  al.	
  2008)	
  
9.10.2013	
  
Average	
  Finnish	
  household:	
  
40	
  tonnes	
  per	
  person	
  in	
  a	
  year	
  
11	
  tonnes	
  
6	
  tonnes	
  
18	
  tonnes	
  
9.10.2013	
  
Material	
  footprint	
  	
  	
  =	
  
Amount	
  of	
  consumpJon 	
  x 	
   	
  Material	
  intensity	
  
©	
  seppo.net	
  ©	
  seppo.net	
  
How	
  to	
  allocate	
  the	
  8	
  tonnes	
  to	
  the	
  
different	
  fields	
  of	
  acEvity	
  
9.10.2013	
  
NutriEon:	
  
500	
  kg/a	
  *	
  6	
  kg/kg	
  =	
  3	
  tonnes/a	
  
•  3	
  tonnes	
  =	
  500	
  kg	
  *	
  6	
  kg/kg	
   	
   	
  
	
  	
  	
  =	
  600	
  kg	
  *	
  5	
  kg/kg	
  
–  Factor	
  2	
  decrease	
  from	
  now	
  
–  6	
  out	
  of	
  27	
  FIN-­‐MIPS	
  households	
  
already	
  achieve	
  3.2	
  tn.	
  or	
  less	
  
–  Cereals	
  and	
  bread,	
  milk,	
  eggs,	
  
domesEc	
  fruits,	
  outdoor	
  vegetables,	
  
soya,	
  wild	
  fish	
  can	
  already	
  be	
  below	
  
6	
  kg/kg	
  (Kauppinen	
  et	
  al.	
  2008,	
  
Kaiser	
  et	
  al.	
  2012,	
  Mancini	
  et	
  al.	
  
2011)	
  
–  Several	
  European	
  countries	
  already	
  
below	
  9	
  kg/kg	
  (Mancini	
  et	
  al.	
  2010)	
  
–  Efficiency,	
  diets,	
  waste	
  prevenEon	
   Photos:	
  Kaskinen	
  et	
  al.	
  2011	
  and	
  KoJvinkki	
  
9.10.2013	
  
How	
  to	
  achieve	
  3	
  tonnes/a	
  for	
  nutriEon	
  
9.10.2013	
  
NutriEon:	
  how	
  to	
  get	
  from	
  6	
  to	
  3	
  tonnes	
  
Photos:	
  Kaskinen	
  et	
  al.	
  2011	
  and	
  KoJvinkki	
  
mostly	
  vegetarian	
  
500	
  kg/year:	
  	
  
less	
  than	
  today	
  
no	
  food	
  waste	
  
Photos:	
  Kaskinen	
  et	
  al.	
  2011	
  and	
  KoJvinkki	
  
1600
3000
500
500
2000
400
Housing
Food
Household goods
Leisure time
Mobility and tourism
Other
1,5	
  tonnes	
  
3	
  tonnes	
  
Sustainable	
  material	
  footprint:	
  	
  
share	
  of	
  nutriEon	
  will	
  grow	
  
2	
  tonnes	
  
9.10.2013	
  
Households’	
  consumpEon	
  expenditure:	
  
share	
  of	
  nutriEon	
  declining,	
  so	
  far	
  
11	
  
Reuters	
  Commodity	
  Cash	
  Index	
  1973	
  –	
  2013	
  
www.mrci.com	
  
9.10.2013	
  
0	
  
5000	
  
10000	
  
15000	
  
20000	
  
25000	
  
30000	
  
35000	
  
40000	
  
V8	
   V18	
   V11	
   V15	
   V6	
   V7	
   V13	
   V10	
   V9	
   V4	
   V14	
   V16	
   V5	
   V3	
   V1	
   V2	
   V17	
   V12	
  
kg/hlö/vuosi	
  
TutkiMavien	
  materiaalijalanjälki	
  osa-­‐alueiMain	
  	
  
Päivi4äistavarat	
  
Palvelut	
  
Mökkeily	
  
Kodin	
  tavarat	
  
Harrastukset	
  ja	
  lemmikit	
  
Matkailu	
  
Arkiliikenne	
  
Ruoka	
  	
  
Asuminen	
  
Low-­‐income	
  households:	
  
already	
  higher	
  share	
  of	
  nutriEon	
  (22	
  %)	
  
•  18	
  Finnish	
  low-­‐income	
  households:	
  7…30	
  tonnes/cap./a	
  
(Le4enmeier	
  et	
  al.	
  2012)	
  
Daily	
  consumer	
  goods	
  
Services	
  	
  
Co4age	
  
Household	
  goods	
  
Leisure	
  Jme	
  
Tourism	
  
Daily	
  mobility	
  
Foodstuffs	
  
Housing	
  
	
  Sustainable level:
8 tonnes
9.10.2013	
  
•  NutriJon	
  share	
  on	
  is	
  likely	
  to	
  rise	
  as	
  raw	
  material	
  	
  
prices	
  are	
  rising	
  
⇒ 	
  LimiJng	
  budgets	
  for	
  other	
  consumpJon	
  purposes	
  
•  Can	
  consumers	
  avoid	
  a	
  strong	
  increas	
  of	
  foodstuffs’	
  
share	
  in	
  expenditures?	
  
⇒ 	
  Decrease	
  the	
  material	
  footprint	
  of	
  nutriJon	
  	
  
	
  without	
  foregoing	
  a	
  healthy	
  nutriJon	
  
⇒ 	
  AdjusJng	
  individual	
  diets	
  could	
  contribute	
  to	
  economic	
  	
  
	
  and	
  ecologic	
  resilience	
  while	
  relieving	
  personal	
  budgets	
  	
  
⇒ 	
  Win-­‐win	
  potenJal	
  
Higher	
  prices?	
  
9.10.2013	
  
	
  	
  
Inhabitat.com	
  
Treehugger.com	
   Treehugger.com	
   Treehugger.com	
  
Households	
  will	
  
not	
  do	
  it	
  alone	
  
	
  
 	
  
Michael@d-­‐mat.fi	
  
www.d-­‐mat.fi	
  
www.facebook.com/materialfootprint	
  
	
  
	
  Thank	
  you!	
  
15	
  

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Food in sustainable consumption

  • 1. World  Resources  Forum  2013   Davos,  9th  October   Topic  4:  Lifestyles  and  EducaEon   Session  on  Food  &  NutriEon   Back  to  basic  needs?     The  role  of  food  and  nutriEon     in  a  sustainable  material  footprint     Michael  LeMenmeier   D-­‐mat  ltd.   Holger  Rohn,  Christa  Liedtke,  Johannes  Buhl,  Jola  Welfens   Wuppertal  InsEtute  for  Climate,  Environment  and  Energy  
  • 2.  _______________  __________    _____    ____    _____    ____    _____    ____    _____    ____   Mastertex*ormat  bearbeiten   Zweite  Ebene   Dri4e  Ebene   Vierte  Ebene   Fün8e  Ebene   9.10.2013   Our  present  resource  use:  as  if  we  had  four  planets...   "The  industrial  countries  act  as  if  there   were  several  earths  available.  Thus,   without  a  radical  increase  in  resource   producJvity  there  will  be  no  sustainable   development."    Schmidt-­‐Bleek  (2009):  The  Earth.   Source:  Wuppertal  InsJtute  2007   Picture:  ©  Wuppertal  InsJtute  
  • 3. 2   Material Footprint = Ecological backpack •  Invisible material burden of a product, service or lifestyle •  Considers the whole life-cycle: mining – manufacturing – consumption – waste disposal •  Includes abiotic resources, biotic resources and soil erosion in agriculture •  Can be applied on all levels: material, product, service, company, household, country, world © seppo.net
  • 4. 3   Material  footprint  of  households   31./2. Dez. 2011 Factor 3 below average already achieved Average Finnish household Factor 9 difference between the households Sustainable level 8 tonnes: nobody reached it •  27  different  Finnish  households:  13…120  tonnes/cap./a   (Kotakorpi  et  al.  2008)  
  • 5. 9.10.2013   Average  Finnish  household:   40  tonnes  per  person  in  a  year   11  tonnes   6  tonnes   18  tonnes  
  • 6. 9.10.2013   Material  footprint      =   Amount  of  consumpJon  x    Material  intensity   ©  seppo.net  ©  seppo.net   How  to  allocate  the  8  tonnes  to  the   different  fields  of  acEvity  
  • 7. 9.10.2013   NutriEon:   500  kg/a  *  6  kg/kg  =  3  tonnes/a   •  3  tonnes  =  500  kg  *  6  kg/kg            =  600  kg  *  5  kg/kg   –  Factor  2  decrease  from  now   –  6  out  of  27  FIN-­‐MIPS  households   already  achieve  3.2  tn.  or  less   –  Cereals  and  bread,  milk,  eggs,   domesEc  fruits,  outdoor  vegetables,   soya,  wild  fish  can  already  be  below   6  kg/kg  (Kauppinen  et  al.  2008,   Kaiser  et  al.  2012,  Mancini  et  al.   2011)   –  Several  European  countries  already   below  9  kg/kg  (Mancini  et  al.  2010)   –  Efficiency,  diets,  waste  prevenEon   Photos:  Kaskinen  et  al.  2011  and  KoJvinkki  
  • 8. 9.10.2013   How  to  achieve  3  tonnes/a  for  nutriEon  
  • 9. 9.10.2013   NutriEon:  how  to  get  from  6  to  3  tonnes   Photos:  Kaskinen  et  al.  2011  and  KoJvinkki   mostly  vegetarian   500  kg/year:     less  than  today   no  food  waste   Photos:  Kaskinen  et  al.  2011  and  KoJvinkki  
  • 10. 1600 3000 500 500 2000 400 Housing Food Household goods Leisure time Mobility and tourism Other 1,5  tonnes   3  tonnes   Sustainable  material  footprint:     share  of  nutriEon  will  grow   2  tonnes  
  • 11. 9.10.2013   Households’  consumpEon  expenditure:   share  of  nutriEon  declining,  so  far  
  • 12. 11   Reuters  Commodity  Cash  Index  1973  –  2013   www.mrci.com  
  • 13. 9.10.2013   0   5000   10000   15000   20000   25000   30000   35000   40000   V8   V18   V11   V15   V6   V7   V13   V10   V9   V4   V14   V16   V5   V3   V1   V2   V17   V12   kg/hlö/vuosi   TutkiMavien  materiaalijalanjälki  osa-­‐alueiMain     Päivi4äistavarat   Palvelut   Mökkeily   Kodin  tavarat   Harrastukset  ja  lemmikit   Matkailu   Arkiliikenne   Ruoka     Asuminen   Low-­‐income  households:   already  higher  share  of  nutriEon  (22  %)   •  18  Finnish  low-­‐income  households:  7…30  tonnes/cap./a   (Le4enmeier  et  al.  2012)   Daily  consumer  goods   Services     Co4age   Household  goods   Leisure  Jme   Tourism   Daily  mobility   Foodstuffs   Housing    Sustainable level: 8 tonnes
  • 14. 9.10.2013   •  NutriJon  share  on  is  likely  to  rise  as  raw  material     prices  are  rising   ⇒   LimiJng  budgets  for  other  consumpJon  purposes   •  Can  consumers  avoid  a  strong  increas  of  foodstuffs’   share  in  expenditures?   ⇒   Decrease  the  material  footprint  of  nutriJon      without  foregoing  a  healthy  nutriJon   ⇒   AdjusJng  individual  diets  could  contribute  to  economic      and  ecologic  resilience  while  relieving  personal  budgets     ⇒   Win-­‐win  potenJal   Higher  prices?  
  • 15. 9.10.2013       Inhabitat.com   Treehugger.com   Treehugger.com   Treehugger.com   Households  will   not  do  it  alone    
  • 16.     Michael@d-­‐mat.fi   www.d-­‐mat.fi   www.facebook.com/materialfootprint      Thank  you!   15