REST Wars: ASP.NET MVC vs WCF

1. REST Warsdaniel.fisher@devcoach.com

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4. Efficient Communication…

5. Agenda
• Introducing REST
• WCF WebHttp
• ASP.NET MVC
• WCF Web API
• Summary

6. Introducing REST

7. Introducing REST

19. Unified Programming Model
Interop
with other
platforms
ASMX
Attribute-
Based
Programming
Enterprise
Services
WS-*
Protocol
Support
WSE
Message-
Oriented
Programming
System.Messaging
Extensibility
Location transparency
.NET Remoting

20. WS-*
Security
Messaging
Reliable
Messaging
Transactions
Metadata
XML

21. The Microsoft Web PlatformMicrosoftWebPlatform
VisualStudio
ASP.NET Web
Forms
ADO.NET
SQL Server
Internet Information Services
ASP.NET MVC
Silverlight MsAjax jQuery
WCF

22. Address, Binding & Contract
Caller Service
MessageABC A B C
A B C
Address Binding Contract
(Where) (How) (What)

23. Address
public class Global : HttpApplication
{
void Application_Start(
object sender,
EventArgs e)
{
RouteTable.Routes.Add(
new ServiceRoute(
string.Empty,
new WebServiceHostFactory(),
typeof(SessionPlanerService)));
}
}

24. Binding
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding
configurationName="Binding1"
hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
sendTimeout="00:10:00"
maxMessageSize="65536"
messageEncoding="Text"
textEncoding="utf-8"
</binding>
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>

25. Contract + Address (parts)
[ServiceContract]
public interface ISessionPlaner
{
[WebGet(UriTemplate = "Sessions")]
List<SessionDetail> GetAllSessions();
}

27. Automatic Format Selection
<system.serviceModel>
<standardEndpoints>
<webHttpEndpoint>
<standardEndpoint
name=""
automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true">
<security mode="None"/>

28. Extensibility
public class MyBehavior
: WebHttpBehavior
{
}
public class MyClientFormatter
: IClientMessageFormatter
{
}
public class MyDispatchFormatter
: IDispatchMessageFormatter
{
}
public class MyEndpointBehavior
: BehaviorExtensionElement
, IEndpointBehavior
{
}

29. Extensibility
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="SomeName">
<myExtension />
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service name="Service">
<endpoint
address=""
binding="basicHttpBinding"
contract="IService"
behaviorConfiguration="SomeName"/>
</service>
</services>
<extensions>
<behaviorExtensions>
<add
name="myExtension"
type="devcoach.ServiceModel.SomeEndpointBehavior, devcoach.ServiceModel, …"/>
</behaviorExtensions>
</extensions>
</system.serviceModel>

30. Extensibility Client
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="SomeName">
<myExtension />
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<client>
<endpoint
name="SomeEntpointName"
address=""
binding="basicHttpBinding"
contract="IService"
behaviorConfiguration="SomeName"/>
</client>
<extensions>
<behaviorExtensions>
<add
name="myExtension"
type="devcoach.ServiceModel.SomeEndpointBehavior, devcoach.ServiceModel, …"/>
</behaviorExtensions>
</extensions>
</system.serviceModel>

33. The Microsoft Web PlatformMicrosoftWebPlatform
VisualStudio
ASP.NET Web
Forms
ADO.NET
SQL Server
Internet Information Services
ASP.NET MVC
Silverlight MsAjax jQuery
WCF

34. ASP.NET ArchitectureApplicationPool
ASP.NET(HttpRuntime)
HttpApplication
Application_Start
Application_End
Application_Error
…
HttpContext
RequestModules
HttpHandler
Begin_Request
ResponseModules
Authenticate_Request
…
UpdateRequestCache
PostRequest
HandlerExecuted
…
KernelCache

35. Controller
Model
View
1
2
3
4

36. Uri
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
routes.MapRoute(
"Default", // Route name
"{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters
new
{
controller = "Home", // if parameter not in URL
action = "Index", // if parameter not in URL
id = UrlParameter.Optional
} // Parameter defaults
);
}

37. Functionality
using System.Web.Mvc;
…
public class HomeController : Controller
{
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult About()
{
return WhateverResult();
}
}

39. Extensibility
public class MyFilterAttribute
: ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(
ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
// Before...
}
public override void OnActionExecuted(
ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
{
// After...
}
}

40. Extensibility
public class ModelResult<T>
: ActionResult
{
public override void ExecuteResult(
ControllerContext context)
{
var r = context.HttpContext.Response;
r.Write(…);
}
}

43. New Message Types
• HttpResponseMessage, JsonValue

45. Extensibility
public class MyFormatter
: MediaTypeFormatter
{
}
public class MyChannel
: DelegatingChannel
{
}

46. Extensibility
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var config =
HttpHostConfiguration.Create().
AddFormatters(new MyFormatter()).
AddMessageHandlers(typeof(MyChannel));
SetMappings();
RouteTable.Routes.MapServiceRoute<MyService>("Contact", config);
}
public void SetMappings()
{
var mappings = new List<UriExtensionMapping>();
mappings.AddMapping("xml", "application/xml");
SetUriExtensionMappings(mappings);
}

48. Summary
• WCF 4.0 WebHTTP
– Released with the .NET Framework.
– Easy to start with REST, if you already have WCF
in the house.
– Advanced goals can be reached,but with high
effort.
– Distance to the Web can be felt.

49. Summary
• ASP.NET MVC
– Version 3.0 released as separate Product.
– Easy to start with REST, if you know any Web-
Platform.
– Advanced goals can be easily reached with small
effort.
– It's the raw Web.

50. Summary
• WCF 4.0 WebAPIHTTP
– Currently a Preview Release.
– Easy to adopt from the WCF perspective.
– Advanced goals can be reached, with less high
effort.
– Still Abstracted from the web.

51. Resources
• WCF 4.0 WebHTTP
– Part of the Platform
• http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=0a3
91abd-25c1-4fc0-919f-b21f31ab88b7
– Hotfix for jQuery
• http://wcf.codeplex.com/
• ASP.NET MVC 3.0
– Released Product
• http://www.asp.net/mvc
• WCF Web API
– CTP 4
• http://wcf.codeplex.com/releases/view/64449