9 to 5 No More: State Legislation To Give Working Families More Time Julie Schwartz Weber, JD Policy Specialist July 11, 2008 www.bc.edu/wfnetwork ** Any opinions expressed here are those of the author and not those of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation or the Sloan Work and Family Research Network. .

What Are States Doing To Help? Flex-Time Flexible work schedule Flex-Career Phased retirement Flex-Leave Paid Sick Vacation Parental leave Education Paid Family Reduced Time Part time (or part year) Job Sharing Flex-Place Telework Legislation to give working families more time

Flex-Time

Flexible work schedule

Flex-Career

Phased retirement

Flex-Leave

Paid Sick

Vacation

Parental leave

Education

Paid Family

Reduced Time

Part time (or part year)

Job Sharing

Flex-Place

Telework

What Are States Doing To Help? PAID SICK LEAVE Guarantees workers flexibility to deal with unanticipated or irregularly occurring short term illnesses or injuries for them or their family members Sick leave can be used by the worker for routine medical and preventive care for themselves or a family member and treatment and counseling for domestic violence Paid, job protected leave No federal or state laws re: private sector

PAID SICK LEAVE

Guarantees workers flexibility to deal with unanticipated or irregularly occurring short term illnesses or injuries for them or their family members

Sick leave can be used by the worker for routine medical and preventive care for themselves or a family member and treatment and counseling for domestic violence

Paid, job protected leave

No federal or state laws re: private sector

What Are States Doing To Help? US Workers without Paid Sick Days Source: Lovell, 2004 (Does not include Federal Employees) Workers by Type

US Workers without Paid Sick Days

What Are States Doing To Help? Paid Sick Leave Legislation Considered Bills Passed Laws San Francisco Philadelphia Milwaukee DC

Paid Sick Leave Legislation

Considered Bills

Passed Laws

What Are States Doing To Help? EDUCATION LEAVE Guarantees workers flexibility to take time off from work to attend their children’s school conferences or other school functions Job protected leave May or may not be paid No federal laws re: private sector

EDUCATION LEAVE

Guarantees workers flexibility to take time off from work to attend their children’s school conferences or other school functions

Job protected leave

May or may not be paid

No federal laws re: private sector

What Are States Doing To Help? Education Leave Legislation Considered Bills Passed Laws Both

What Are States Doing To Help? FLEXIBLE WORK SCHEDULES Provide workers with flexibility in the scheduling of their work hours Examples include: Flex time : allows workers to shift start and quitting times Compressed work schedules : work a full-time schedule, in less than a 5-day traditional workweek by increasing daily hours worked

FLEXIBLE WORK SCHEDULES

Provide workers with flexibility in the scheduling of their work hours

Examples include:

Flex time : allows workers to shift start and quitting times

Compressed work schedules : work a full-time schedule, in less than a 5-day traditional workweek by increasing daily hours worked

What Are States Doing To Help? What kind of Workers get Flexible Schedules? Percent that can adjust start and stop times Low wage workers have the least access to flexible work schedules Source: Families and Work Institute, 2006

What Are States Doing To Help? Flexible Schedule Legislation Considered Bills Passed Laws Both

What Are States Doing To Help? Why do States enact Flexible Work Legislation? Number of States

What Are States Doing To Help? TELEWORK Working at an alternative worksite that is not the main worksite for some portion of their working hours Alternative worksite could be: Worker’s home Satellite office Other location outside of the main work site

TELEWORK

Working at an alternative worksite that is not the main worksite for some portion of their working hours

Alternative worksite could be:

Worker’s home

Satellite office

Other location outside of the main work site

What Are States Doing To Help? Telework Legislation Considered Bills Passed Laws Both

What Are States Doing To Help? Why do States enact Telework Legislation? Number of States

Agenda Why Is It Harder to Balance Work and Family Workforce Changes Workplace Changes What Is the Impact on Families? Impact on Children Impact on Parents What Is the Impact on Employers? What Are States Doing to Help? Flexibility in The Workplace with Focus on: Flexible Leaves (Paid Sick, Education) Flex-time (Flexible Work Schedules) Flexible Place (Telework) Now What? Parting Thoughts

Why Is It Harder to Balance Work and Family

Workforce Changes

Workplace Changes

What Is the Impact on Families?

Impact on Children

Impact on Parents

What Is the Impact on Employers?

What Are States Doing to Help?

Flexibility in The Workplace with Focus on:

Flexible Leaves (Paid Sick, Education)

Flex-time (Flexible Work Schedules)

Flexible Place (Telework)

Now What? Parting Thoughts