Grids Clouds Computation Steven Armentrout

History: Parabon Computation Founded in 1999 Launched the first COTS grid platform – Frontier® Operate the only brokered computation service Customers in the government, academic, non-profit, and private sectors Sponsor of Compute Against Cancer® Privately-held small business based in Reston, VA © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 2

Cloud Computing’s Pedigree (Syllables - Letters) Distributed (4 - 11) Utility (3 - 7) Internet (3 - 8) Peer-to-Peer (3 - 3) “P2P” Cluster (2 - 7) Grid (1 - 4) Cloud (1 - 5) Net (1 - 3)<- Prediction © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 6

Is Cloud Computing Different than Grid Computing? Distinguish Requirements and Implementation Key User Requirement: Resources delivered as on-demand utility services  Applications  Information  Computation Implementation: Driven by other requirements  Security  Economics  Technical constraints © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 7

Computation as a Utility “If computers of the kind I have advocated become the computers of the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public utility just as the telephone system is a public utility... The computer utility could become the basis of a new and important industry.” —John McCarthy, MIT Centennial in 1961 © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 8

The Big Switch Recall the world before the Internet Imagine the world before electricity ―The Big Switch,‖ by Nicholas Carr (Jan 2008) draws strong parallels between the maturation of the electricity and computing industries The implications for IT are profound © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 9

The Big Switch IT is racing toward a new paradigm: Computing delivered as an on-demand service The transformation is like that of the electric industry during the 20th century It’s the biggest IT transformation since the introduction of the World Wide Web © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 10

Within the DoD, why now? Consumer market successes Awareness Unprecedented capability Potential Technical advances Feasibility  Virtualization  Security Economic pressures Necessity Adoption by adversaries Competition ―Retirement of the Boomers‖ Openness to change © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 11

Locksmith Decryption Service NIJ An online decryption service NATIONAL INSTITUTE to serve law enforcement of JUSTICE developed with AccessData® DNA Frontier Qu i ckTi me ™ an d a TIFF (Un co mp re s se d) de co mp re s so r a re ne ed ed to se e thi s p i ctu re . Only file headers need to be transmitted so Locksmith is suitable for a public grid. © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 20

Considerations: Types of Applications What are the computational demands of the applications? Web apps load = transactions / s Grid apps load = calculations / s Data apps load = throughput / s © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 29

NASA Origin The Ultimate Source from Which to Evolve TM Automated design of spacecraft antenna Evolved antenna flew on three nanosats (20‖) for ST5 mission © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 31

InSēquio™ Synthetic DNA can be used as a nanoscale construction material and woven into designs QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are neede d to see this picture. See CAD View of DNA © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 32

InSēquio™ Using its complementary binding properties, DNA can be ―programmed‖ to self-assemble into target designs 9 DNA strands 9 strands 1 DNA motif 4x4 grid 8x8 grid © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 33

Using theof microtechnology:of DNA, The limit binding properties 1 micron box shown in blue to be inSēquio enables molecules on a smooth muscle cell engineered at the nanoscale. QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are neede d to see this picture. 80 nm 100 nm © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 35

Applicable Domains for the D0D Does your organization do any of the following? Assembly planning Evolutionary computation Optimization Biodefense Financial forecasting Parameter studies Bioinformatics Genomic sequencing Photorealistic Rendering Biometrics (multi-modal) Logistical planning Proteomics Combinatorial opt. Machine learning Psychometric profiling Data mining Modeling and Robotic motion planning Decision support simulation Search Decryption Molecular modeling Statistical analysis Drug discovery Monte Carlo simulations Steganography Environmental modeling Nanotechnology Weather Prediction Operations research © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 37

Considerations: Cost of Dedicated Hardware 100 node (200-400 core) cluster ~ $200,000 / yr (includes cost of power, space, cooling, labor & support) Frontier Online  $0.10 - $0.30 / cap-hour (Ch)  100 C @ $0.15 / Ch for 10 hrs = $150 Frontier Enterprise  A 10 : 1 price-performance advantage © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 39

Final Considerations The DoD has ~5M desktops At 20% utilization, rougly $10B of capacity is wasted annually At the same time, there are few examples of high-value SOA mashups that demonstrate the value of this latent capacity This ―Mashup Gap‖ has resulted in requirements that may not live up to the demands of the applications that will ultimately create the most value for the DoD © 2008 Parabon Computation, Inc. All rights reserved. | 40

Grids Clouds Computation Steven Armentrout

0 comments

Notes on slide 1

1 Favorite & 1 Group