Digital TV, IPTV

Kuncoro WastuwibowoChair, IEEE Communications Society Indonesia ChapterIEEE TENCON Tutorial SessionSanur Beach Bali 21-11-2011

Improved Viewing Experience• Cinema quality pictures, CD quality sound, hundreds new channels, the power to switch camera angles, and improved access to a range of exciting new entertainment servicesImproved Coverage• Digital transmission, digital signal recovery, etc.Increased Capacity and New Service Offerings• Service providers can carry more information and services.Increased Access Flexibility• Video is accessible on a whole range of devices ranging from mobile phones to standard PCs

Equipment Digitisation Migration Compression SDTV  Technology HDTV Enhancement Digital Integrated TV BroadbandDigital Home Growth Convergence

InteractiveMultiple Time Shiftingdevices TV Low bandwidth Personalization

StorageTV Broadcast Video Coding Technologies Packet Data Quality of Encryption Transport Service Quality of Web Services .. etc etc Experience

IP IPTVTV

Internet, Web, Social Media Interaction Synergy TV Broadcast & Popularity Easy, Comfortable InteractivityIPTV Multimedia Platform True Broadband Services QoS & QoE TV & Video Broadcast over Internet New Opportunities Content on demand incl video, TV, music

Metadata Live Content Middleware Encoder CAS & DRMVideo Content TV Managed IP Network Computer Content & Application Server Mobile Gadget

Feature IPTV Internet TVInfrastructure Dedicated IP Network Public InternetAccess Mechanism Digital Set-Top Box ComputerCost (traditionally) Premium Free or cheapContent Generation Media companies User-generated, nicheGeographical Limited GlobalQuality Higher quality, managed Best-effort quality

Video Encoding Video Decoding Video Packetising Video PacketisingMPEG Stream Construction MPEG Stream Construction RTP RTP TCP / UDP TCP / UDP IP IP Data Link Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Physical Layer

ITU-T JTC1 / SC29 / WG 11Joint Technical Committee • Motion Picture Engineering Group (MPEG) ISO/IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)

VCD DVD DVB DVB-S2 MPEG-1 MPEG-2 MPEG-4

Primarily used to Used for such compress video services as DABdata at bit rates of (Digital Audio 1.5 Mbps. Broadcasting) Also the basis of the MP3 standard

ITU-T H.26 Digitise, compress, encode TV signal. ISO/IEC 13818-2 SDTV  3-4 Mb/sTo multiplex encoded Packetised &audio, video, auxiliary encapsulated into data in a RTP / IPsynchronised fashion

Video Sequence Time Group of Pictures I B B B P B B B P Block 8x8 SlicePictures Macro Blocks

Subsampling• Reducing the bitsBlocks 8x8• Y (grayscale luminance)• Cr (red chrominance)• Cb (blue chrominance)Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)• Filtering blocks based on importanceQuantisation• Reduction the number of bits representing the blocks

Macroblocks 16x16• Filtering based on luminance and chrominance• Compression: • Spatial compression • Temporal compressionSlicing• Horizontal strips from left to rightPicture Visualisation• Frame types: • I (Intra-frames), single image with no reference to any past or future frames • P (Forward predicted frames), a predicted frame based on past I frames. Contains motion information that allows to rebuild the frame. Require less bandwidth than I-frames. • B (Bi-directional predicted frames), made up from information from both I-frames and P- frames. The encoding for B-frames is similar to P-frames, except that motion vectors may refer to areas in the future reference frames. Occupies less space than I-frames or P- frames.

Video Sequence Time Group of Pictures I B B B P B B B P Block 8x8 SlicePictures Macro Blocks

AVC Better ITU-T H.264 advanced video compression than codec MPEG-2Less perceived SDTV Bandwidth savingsdegradation in will enable higher- video quality 1-2 Mb/s quality TV content Various video applications, including mobile

Intraprediction and Coding• H.264/AVC is able to exploit the spatial redundancies that are part of a video picture.• In MPEG-2, the DCT transform is applied to each macroblock in the picture frame, whereas H.264/AVC applies the transform to adjacent macroblocks.• This approach is based on the assumption that the difference between adjacent macroblocks is minimal. Thus, the H.264 compression engine uses the surrounding macroblocks, which are already encoded as references to predict a specific macroblock of interest.• Predicting the macroblock reduces the amount of bits compared to directly transforming the macroblock.Interprediction and Coding• The interprediction and coding component of H.264/AVC relies on motion estimation between video frames in a sequence.• Similar to MPEG-2, H.264/AVC also uses this method to increase the efficiency of encoding video sequences.

One 16x16 Two 8x16 Two 16x8 Four 8x8 Macroblock Macroblocks Macroblocks MacroblocksUses one motion Uses two motion Uses two motion Uses four motion vector vector vector vector Eight 8x4 Eight 4x8 Sixteen 4x4 Macroblocks Macroblocks MacroblocksUses eight motion Uses eight motion vector Uses sixteen motion vector vector

Video Sequence TimeI B B P P I B P

Performance• Better compression capabilitiesLow bandwidth• With similar quality to MPEG-2, it requires less bandwidth• Delivery of high quality video services over networks with limited bandwidth.Interoperability• Allows to utilize their existing MPEG-2 and IP based networking infrastructuresHDTV Support• The compression standard can double/triple the carrying capacity of existing networks.• Possible to deploy DVD quality HD video content over existing IP access networks.Approved by wide range of organizations• DVD Forum• Blue-ray Disk Association• DVB, ATSC, DMB, IETF, ISMA

Reduced Storage• Less space required by servers to store video content.Multimedia Support• Used by various applications with their own unique requirements. • An IPTV multicast application requires the rendering of an image on a standard TV display • A mobile entertainment application produces images that are rendered on either a mobile phone or a portable media player.• Allows manufacturers to develop products that are specific to their target market.Transport independent• Transmittable across many protocols including ATM, RTP, UDP, TCP, and MPEG-2 transport streams.• Adapts easily to poor quality networks: Built-in error concealment and recovery mechanismsVarious Applications• Used by a number of different markets ranging from IPTV and video conferencing to mobile entertainment and portable gaming.

Video Encoding Video Decoding Video Packetising Video PacketisingMPEG Stream Construction MPEG Stream Construction RTP RTP TCP / UDP TCP / UDP IP IP Data Link Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Physical Layer

Elementary Video Stream PES Packet 1 PES Packet 2 PES Packet N Packet Compressed Packet Compressed Packet Compressed Header Video Content Header Video Content Header Video Content MPEG Transport Stream MPEG Transport Stream MPEG Transport Stream MPEG Transport Stream Packet 1 Packet 2 Packet 3 Packet N Video Video Video VideoHeader Header Header Header Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3 Picture N RTP MPEG-TS Payload Header Ethernet IP UDP RTP Ethernet MPEG-TS Payload Header Header Header Header CRC

Packet Prefix PES Header PES Header PES Header Length Flag Fields Compressed24 8 16 2 14 8 Var Video Content Stream ID 10 PES Header Length

Synchronisation Program Adaptation field Adaptation field byte identifier control 8 1 1 1 16 2 2 4 Var Video Data Transport priorityTransport error Transportindicator scrambling Continuity control counter Payload unit start indicator

Version Marker Sequence SSRC Number CSRDC Count CSRC ListPadding PT Time Stamp Extension

Resolution Aspect Ratio Interlaced / Progressive Scanning

1920 1280 720 480 480i/p, DV NTSC PAL 576i/p 576 720p 720 1080i/p 1080

Metadata Live Content Middleware Encoder CAS & DRMVideo Content TV Managed IP Network Computer Content & Application Server Mobile Gadget

MPLS Backbone IPTV PEIPTV PE Metro Ethernet Metro Ethernet MSAN/ DSLAM GPON XDSL Access VOD & Access Head-End Middleware

MPLS Backbone IPTV PEIPTV PE Metro Ethernet Metro Ethernet MSAN/ DSLAM GPON XDSL Access VOD & Access Head-End Middleware L2 VPN Unicast via IP VPN Multicast via PIM

User- Social Generated Contents Network Global Internet Over-the- Mobile Top Video NetworkLive Content Encryption Encoder & DRM Video Content Managed IP Network Content & Application Middleware Server

3rd Party Content User & Application Management Web 2.0 (User Service Enabler Participation) (Contexts) Network Social Network SDP Abstraction Services (incl Mobile)Live Content Encryption Encoder & DRM Video Content Managed IP Network Content & Application Middleware Server

Telco world • Voice network • Data network • Broadband dataIT World Media world• Computer • CaTV Communications• Internet Single Network

Telco ISDN BISDN ATM NGN IMS Computer Broadband IT Network Internet InternetMedia CaTV IPTV 45

 All IP-based, all-broadband, but … Telco world • NGN / TISPAN • IMS Web world IPTV world • SOA • CDN • SDF / SDP New convergence

3rd Party Content User & Application Management Web 2.0 (User Service Enabler Participation) (Contexts) Network Social Network SDP Abstraction Services (incl Mobile)Live Content Encryption Encoder & DRM Middleware Video Content Managed Content & Application IP Network Server

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 Telkom Indonesia  Multimedia Division  Senior Service Creation (2010-now) IEEE Communications Society  Indonesia Chapter  Chairman (2009-2011)  Vice Chair (2007-2008) Contact Internetworking Indonesia Journal  Mail / Gtalk kuncoro@telkom.cc  Editor  Twitter @kuncoro  Mobile +62-21-3375-8000

Digital TV, IPTV

by Kuncoro Wastuwibowo on Nov 20, 2011

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Digital TV, IPTV — Presentation Transcript