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A Presentation on  
The Brain and Nervous
System

Presented by :
MANIK BANSAL
Class 10-A ROLL NO. 24
SACRED HEART CONVENT SCHOOL BARNALA
The Brain and Nervous System
The

nervous system is
broken down into two
major systems: Central
Nervous System and
Peripheral Nervous
System. We’ll discuss
the Central Nervous
System first.
Central Nervous System 
The Central

Nervous System consists of the
Brain and the Spinal cord.
The Cerebral Cortex, which is involved in a
variety of higher cognitive, emotional, sensory,
and motor functions is more developed in
humans than any other animal. It is what we see
when we picture a human brain, the gray matter
with a multitude of folds covering the
cerebrum. The brain is divided into two
symmetrical hemispheres:  left (language, the
‘rational’ half of the brain, associated with
analytical thinking and logical abilities) and
right (more involved with musical and artistic
abilities).
The Brain is Divided Into Four Lobes
 Frontal –

(motor cortex) motor behavior, expressive
language, higher level cognitive processes, and orientation
to person, place, time, and situation
 Parietal – (somatosensory Cortex) involved in the
processing of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain
 Occipital – (visual cortex) interpretation of visual
information
 Temporal – (auditory cortex) receptive language
(understanding language), as well as memory and emotion
Parts of the Brain
 Cerebellum –

balance, smooth movement, and posture
 Thalamus – "central switching station" – relays incoming
sensory information (except olfactory) to the brain
 Hypothalamus – controls the autonomic nervous system,
and therefore maintains the body’s homeostasis, which we
will discuss later (controls body temperature, metabolism,
and appetite. Translates extreme emotions into physical
responses.
 Limbic System – emotional expression, particularly the
emotional component of behavior, memory, and motivation
 Amygdale – attaches emotional significance to information
and mediates both defensive and aggressive behavior
 Hippocampus – involved more in memory, and the
transfer of information from short-term to long-term
memory
The Peripheral Nervous
System 
The Peripheral Nervous
System is divided into two subsystems. 
Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System 
The Somatic

Nervous System –
primary function is to regulate the actions
of the skeletal muscles. Often thought of
as mediating voluntary activity.
Autonomic Nervous System,
The  regulates

primarily involuntary
activity such as heart rate, breathing,
blood pressure, and digestion.   
This system is further broken down into
two complimentary systems:  Sympathetic
and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems.
Sympathetic Nervous Systems
 The Sympathetic

Nervous system controls
what has been called the
"Fight or Flight"
phenomenon because of its
control over the necessary
bodily changes needed
when we are faced with a
situation where we may
need to defend ourselves
or escape. 
Parasympathetic Nervous System
This

system is slow
acting, unlike its
counterpart, and may
take several minutes
or even longer to get
your body back to
where it was before
the scare.
Brain & nervous system

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Brain & nervous system

  • 1. A Presentation on   The Brain and Nervous System Presented by : MANIK BANSAL Class 10-A ROLL NO. 24 SACRED HEART CONVENT SCHOOL BARNALA
  • 2. The Brain and Nervous System The nervous system is broken down into two major systems: Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System. We’ll discuss the Central Nervous System first.
  • 3. Central Nervous System  The Central Nervous System consists of the Brain and the Spinal cord. The Cerebral Cortex, which is involved in a variety of higher cognitive, emotional, sensory, and motor functions is more developed in humans than any other animal. It is what we see when we picture a human brain, the gray matter with a multitude of folds covering the cerebrum. The brain is divided into two symmetrical hemispheres:  left (language, the ‘rational’ half of the brain, associated with analytical thinking and logical abilities) and right (more involved with musical and artistic abilities).
  • 4. The Brain is Divided Into Four Lobes  Frontal – (motor cortex) motor behavior, expressive language, higher level cognitive processes, and orientation to person, place, time, and situation  Parietal – (somatosensory Cortex) involved in the processing of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain  Occipital – (visual cortex) interpretation of visual information  Temporal – (auditory cortex) receptive language (understanding language), as well as memory and emotion
  • 5. Parts of the Brain  Cerebellum – balance, smooth movement, and posture  Thalamus – "central switching station" – relays incoming sensory information (except olfactory) to the brain  Hypothalamus – controls the autonomic nervous system, and therefore maintains the body’s homeostasis, which we will discuss later (controls body temperature, metabolism, and appetite. Translates extreme emotions into physical responses.  Limbic System – emotional expression, particularly the emotional component of behavior, memory, and motivation  Amygdale – attaches emotional significance to information and mediates both defensive and aggressive behavior  Hippocampus – involved more in memory, and the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory
  • 6. The Peripheral Nervous System  The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into two subsystems.  Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System
  • 7. Somatic Nervous System  The Somatic Nervous System – primary function is to regulate the actions of the skeletal muscles. Often thought of as mediating voluntary activity.
  • 8. Autonomic Nervous System, The  regulates primarily involuntary activity such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion.    This system is further broken down into two complimentary systems:  Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems.
  • 9. Sympathetic Nervous Systems  The Sympathetic Nervous system controls what has been called the "Fight or Flight" phenomenon because of its control over the necessary bodily changes needed when we are faced with a situation where we may need to defend ourselves or escape. 
  • 10. Parasympathetic Nervous System This system is slow acting, unlike its counterpart, and may take several minutes or even longer to get your body back to where it was before the scare.

Editor's Notes

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