UXD and IA for the Internet of Things - Internetome 2010 London

Intertome 2010, London Internet of Things = People + Things + Data Gerd Kortuem Lancaster University www.kortuem.com GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 1 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Researcher Software developer Consultant Lancaster University School of Computing and Communications Management School Imagination (Design Department) Highwire PhD training network 20 (+10/year) PhD students focused on innovation transdisciplinary LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

My vision IoT = People + Things + Data The value of the Internet (of Things) increases the more computers people are connected. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 4 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

The future homo habilis How will our relationship to objects develop? Networked Autonomy Agency The Data-rich connected object Communicative Social Perceptive Collaborative GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 8 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

We need to develop new models and theories Human factors, interface design, user experience design, information design ... for connected objects. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 9 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Unanticipated effects After being told that they used more energy than their neighbours, republicans who showed no practical interest in environmental causes increased electricity use by 0.75 per cent. Average electricity reduction was 2.5%. Dora L. Costa, Matthew E. Kahn. (2010) Energy Conservation "Nudges" and Environmentalist Ideology: Evidence from a Randomized Residential Electricity Field Experiment. NBER Working Paper No. 15939, May 7, 2010. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 13 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

50% of my Ph.D. students could not install the energy meters at their home. Too much focus on product use, not enough focus on the rest of the product lifecycle. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 14 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Maintaining interest Effects may fade over time. “The results show that the initial savings in electricity consumption of 7.8% after 4 months could not be sustained in the medium- to long- term” van Dam, S. S., Bakker, C. A., van Hal, J. D. M. Home energy monitors: impact over the medium-term. Building Research & Information. 2010, vol 38, issue 5, pp. 458-469. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 15 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Do we need more screens? Trend to more complexity. “Energy dashboards” and “home “energy management systems” instead of simple controls. www.gridpoint.com. www.tendrilinc.com. http://www.ecovisionsolutions.com.au/ GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 16 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

An alternative approach Laptop energy management as example to follow Reduced interface Closing the lid Automatic energy management of all components User defined energy management preferences Energy management of individual components Disk spins down Cpu reduces speed Display reduces brightness GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 17 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

The energy door lock Door lock as decision and control point: back in 5 minutes or 5 weeks? Shutdown Unlock Sleep GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 19 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Lesson Not everything that looks like a feedback loop should be designed as such. Tangible controls vs generic screen- based control. Deep modifications may be required to get interaction right. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 20 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Protecting against Vibration-White-Finger Syndrome Duration of use measured Vibration characteristics known for each equipment, measured by manufacturer Soil condition assumed Actual Exposure Compliant? Maximum Legal Exposure GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 24 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Issue 2. Information disclosure Unit with display was accepted, unit w/o display was perceived as surveillance technology. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 28 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Issue 3. Information accountability There can be too much information. If a job needs to get done nobody (management, worker) wants to know that someone is over the exposure limit. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 29 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Issue 4. Unexpected social feedback loops Operators as source of expertise and drivers of behavioural change. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 30 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Lessons Open design Information disclosure (may be good or bad) Empowering users Supporting collaboration GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 31 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Internet of Things for information-rich environments Hospital Ward Critical decisions Time pressure Many devices Many people Better decisions Better care GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 33 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Analysing work behaviour Human Activity Language S: do a S:staff S: do a with d a:action P: patient S: do a to P d: device S: do a with d to P GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 34 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Visual Design Encoding for maximum clarity and information density Colour Representing Entity and Relationship measure Instruction | Explanation blood 3 pressure Confirmation | Trends Entity A Identity Entity B Identity 19 3 Status Design by Kevin Smith GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 39 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Global R&D agenda still mostly focuses on technology Not much about people or design for people in here ... Vision and Challenges for Realising the Internet of Things March 2010 Edited by Harald Sundmaeker Patrick Guillemin Peter Friess Sylvie Woelfflé The meaning of things lies not in the things themselves, but in our attitude towards them. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 42 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

Conclusion 1. Homo habilis: our relation to future smart objects yet undefined (user, operator, ...). 2. IoT Design for people requires more than adding a thin interface layer; requires deep modification of IoT concepts, architectures, etc... 3. Current industry (and research) agenda ignores interaction design and information design for the IoT. 4. Ecosystem design: new design methodologies and design tools are needed for defining our interaction (with ecosystems of) smart connected objects. GERD KORTUEM | WWW.KORTUEM.COM | @KORTUEM | GERD@KORTUEM.COM | INTERNETOME 2010 LONDON | SLIDE 43 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS `

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UXD and IA for the Internet of Things - Internetome 2010 London

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