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NURS 2103:01
            Audrey Walsh
        November 8th 2012

Presented by: Nikki McNeil
ADHD – Attention Deficit
     Hyperactivity Disorder

-   Common behavioral disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of
    inattention and/or hyperactivity.

-   Estimated that 8% to 10% of children are affected by this disorder.
ADHD
- Boys are about three times more likely than girls to be
    diagnosed with ADHD, it is not yet understood why.

-   Girls with ADHD may be more likely to be inattentive than
    hyperactive or impulsive. That may mean they are more
    likely to be under diagnosed with the disorder.

-   If you suspect that a child may have ADHD, it's important
    to understand the different forms it may take.
Three Categories of ADHD:
   Predominantly Inattentive Type
- Person finds it very difficult to organize or finish a task.
- They find it hard to pay attention to details,
- Find it difficult to follow instructions or conversations.

    Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
-   Person finds it hard to keep still.
-   They fidget and talk a lot.
-   A smaller child may be continually jumping, running or climbing.
-   They are restless and impulsive - interrupting
     others, grabbing things and speaking at inappropriate times.
-   They have difficulty waiting their turn and find it hard to listen to
     directions.
-   A person with this type of ADHD will have more injuries and/or
     accidents than others.

  Combined Type
- A person whose symptoms include all those of the first two types,
Signs of ADHD in Preschool Aged Children
                   Signs of ADHD are noticeable as early as 2 or 3 years of age.

              http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GIx-
                      JYdLZs&feature=related
                  Signs/Symptoms of Inattention Include:

   Often fails to pay close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in
    schoolwork or other activities
   Often has trouble sustaining attention during tasks or play
   Seems not to listen even when spoken to directly
   Has difficulty following through on instructions and often fails to finish
    schoolwork, chores or other tasks
   Often has problems organizing tasks or activities
   Avoids or dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort, such as schoolwork or
    homework
   Frequently loses needed items, such as books, pencils, toys or tools
   Can be easily distracted
   Often forgetful
Signs/Symptoms of Hyperactivity Include:

   Fidgets or squirms frequently
   Often leaves his or her seat in the classroom or in other situations when remaining
    seated is expected
   Often runs or climbs excessively when it's not appropriate or, if an adolescent,
    might constantly feel restless
   Frequently has difficulty playing quietly
   Always seems on the go
   Talks excessively
   Blurts out the answers before questions have been completely asked
   Frequently has difficulty waiting for his or her turn
   Often interrupts or intrudes on others' conversations or games



If you identify any signs or symptoms of ADHD in a child make sure to bring them
     to a pediatrician so they can rule out any other causes before diagnosing the
                                   child with ADHD.
Treatment of ADHD
- Currently there is no cure for ADHD, but there are treatment
  options available to help reduce the symptoms caused by
  ADHD.

- ADHD can be treated using medication or therapy, but it is
  widely agreed a combination of both is the best way to treat
  it.
Medications used to treat ADHD include:
 Dexamfetamine
 Atomoxetine
   Methylphenidate


Medications help someone who has ADHD to:
 Concentrate better
 Be less impulsive
 Feel calmer
 Learn and practise new skills
Alternative Treatment Options:

Behavior Therapy for ADHD

Behavior therapy can include:
- behavioral interventions,
- social skills training,
- and parenting skills training.


In addition you can help improve your child's behavior by:
- setting and enforcing rules,
- maintaining a consistent schedule
- organizing everyday items such as clothing and school supplies.


Physical exercise can significantly improve ADHD symptoms
    20-minute exercise sessions can significantly improve focus in children with ADHD,
    according to researchers from Michigan State University reported in the Journal of
    Pediatrics, October 2012 issue.
The End

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Adhd in preschool aged children

  • 1. NURS 2103:01 Audrey Walsh November 8th 2012 Presented by: Nikki McNeil
  • 2. ADHD – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Common behavioral disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity. - Estimated that 8% to 10% of children are affected by this disorder.
  • 3. ADHD - Boys are about three times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with ADHD, it is not yet understood why. - Girls with ADHD may be more likely to be inattentive than hyperactive or impulsive. That may mean they are more likely to be under diagnosed with the disorder. - If you suspect that a child may have ADHD, it's important to understand the different forms it may take.
  • 4. Three Categories of ADHD:  Predominantly Inattentive Type - Person finds it very difficult to organize or finish a task. - They find it hard to pay attention to details, - Find it difficult to follow instructions or conversations.  Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type - Person finds it hard to keep still. - They fidget and talk a lot. - A smaller child may be continually jumping, running or climbing. - They are restless and impulsive - interrupting others, grabbing things and speaking at inappropriate times. - They have difficulty waiting their turn and find it hard to listen to directions. - A person with this type of ADHD will have more injuries and/or accidents than others.  Combined Type - A person whose symptoms include all those of the first two types,
  • 5. Signs of ADHD in Preschool Aged Children Signs of ADHD are noticeable as early as 2 or 3 years of age. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GIx- JYdLZs&feature=related Signs/Symptoms of Inattention Include:  Often fails to pay close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities  Often has trouble sustaining attention during tasks or play  Seems not to listen even when spoken to directly  Has difficulty following through on instructions and often fails to finish schoolwork, chores or other tasks  Often has problems organizing tasks or activities  Avoids or dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort, such as schoolwork or homework  Frequently loses needed items, such as books, pencils, toys or tools  Can be easily distracted  Often forgetful
  • 6. Signs/Symptoms of Hyperactivity Include:  Fidgets or squirms frequently  Often leaves his or her seat in the classroom or in other situations when remaining seated is expected  Often runs or climbs excessively when it's not appropriate or, if an adolescent, might constantly feel restless  Frequently has difficulty playing quietly  Always seems on the go  Talks excessively  Blurts out the answers before questions have been completely asked  Frequently has difficulty waiting for his or her turn  Often interrupts or intrudes on others' conversations or games If you identify any signs or symptoms of ADHD in a child make sure to bring them to a pediatrician so they can rule out any other causes before diagnosing the child with ADHD.
  • 7. Treatment of ADHD - Currently there is no cure for ADHD, but there are treatment options available to help reduce the symptoms caused by ADHD. - ADHD can be treated using medication or therapy, but it is widely agreed a combination of both is the best way to treat it.
  • 8. Medications used to treat ADHD include:  Dexamfetamine  Atomoxetine  Methylphenidate Medications help someone who has ADHD to:  Concentrate better  Be less impulsive  Feel calmer  Learn and practise new skills
  • 9. Alternative Treatment Options: Behavior Therapy for ADHD Behavior therapy can include: - behavioral interventions, - social skills training, - and parenting skills training. In addition you can help improve your child's behavior by: - setting and enforcing rules, - maintaining a consistent schedule - organizing everyday items such as clothing and school supplies. Physical exercise can significantly improve ADHD symptoms 20-minute exercise sessions can significantly improve focus in children with ADHD, according to researchers from Michigan State University reported in the Journal of Pediatrics, October 2012 issue.