ACT-UK TRICS London Conference Kevin Shannon Executive Director Association for Commuter Transportation Managing Transportation Demand

American Perspectives ACT - US Intro “ TDM” in US Major National Programs 511 Traveler Information Best Workplaces for Commuters High Occupancy Vehicle & Toll Lanes (HOV/HOT) Commuter Benefits TDM and Trends

ACT - US Intro

“ TDM” in US

Major National Programs

511 Traveler Information

Best Workplaces for Commuters

High Occupancy Vehicle & Toll Lanes (HOV/HOT)

Commuter Benefits

TDM and Trends

ACT Is… 850 members TDM professionals Public Agencies Non-Profits Employers Universities State / Local Govts. MPOs, DOTs TMAs, TMOs Consultants Turner, Disney, Microsoft, Starbucks, Best Buy, Wal-Mart, Bayer, Safeway

850 members

TDM professionals

Public Agencies

Non-Profits

Employers

Universities

State / Local Govts.

MPOs, DOTs

TMAs, TMOs

Consultants

Turner, Disney, Microsoft, Starbucks, Best Buy, Wal-Mart, Bayer, Safeway

ACT Provides… Advocacy Networking Timely publications Research Access Conferences Regional Chapters Awards Partnerships

Advocacy

Networking

Timely publications

Research

Access

Conferences

Regional Chapters

Awards

Partnerships

ACT - Issue Focus Councils Employer TMA Vanpool Public Policy University Telework 511 HOT/HOV

Councils

Employer

TMA

Vanpool

Public Policy

University

Telework

511

HOT/HOV

ACT Services Publications TDM e-Review TDM Review Special Publications “ Members-Only” Web site National Conferences

Publications

TDM e-Review

TDM Review

Special Publications

“ Members-Only” Web site

National Conferences

ACT Partners US DOT: FHWA, FTA US EPA - BWC Program AMPO, AASHTO, APTA, GSA, Telework Exchange, NCTR, ITS-A, ITAC, AARP State/Local level ACT - UK (Canada, Neth, Aus/NZ, Japan?)

US DOT: FHWA, FTA

US EPA - BWC Program

AMPO, AASHTO, APTA, GSA, Telework Exchange, NCTR, ITS-A, ITAC, AARP

State/Local level

ACT - UK (Canada, Neth, Aus/NZ, Japan?)

Transportation Demand Management (TDM) What is TDM? Strategies to influence travel behavior by mode , time of day, cost , route , or frequency to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, and to improve the efficiency of the existing transportation system.

What is TDM?

Strategies to influence travel behavior by mode , time of day, cost , route , or frequency to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, and to improve the efficiency of the existing transportation system.

Strategies-Mode Transit Walk Bike Vanpool Carpool Telework

Transit

Walk

Bike

Vanpool

Carpool

Telework

Time, Route, Location Flextime, staggered work hours, compressed work week Real time or advanced route planning services “ Live near your Work” worksite location and design On site services

Flextime, staggered work hours, compressed work week

Real time or advanced route planning services

“ Live near your Work” worksite location and design

On site services

TDM - Who? People Transportation Planners - Governments Environmental, air quality officials Non-profit service providers, TMAs Human Resources managers Parking and transportation managers Real estate and facilities managers Business Districts (BIDs, CIDs) Telework managers / trainers Public transportation managers Rideshare coordinators Employers Public relations / marketing officials Vendors (vanpools, information providers, shuttles, transit benefits)

Transportation Planners - Governments

Environmental, air quality officials

Non-profit service providers, TMAs

Human Resources managers

Parking and transportation managers

Real estate and facilities managers

Business Districts (BIDs, CIDs)

Telework managers / trainers

Public transportation managers

Rideshare coordinators

Employers

Public relations / marketing officials

Vendors (vanpools, information providers, shuttles, transit benefits)

TDM - What? Market-based Initiatives Direct marketing Employer outreach and training Web site resources and information Incentives, rewards, PR campaigns and promotions Disincentives (regulations) Pricing Strategies Locally targeted Measured and evaluated

Market-based Initiatives

Direct marketing

Employer outreach and training

Web site resources and information

Incentives, rewards, PR campaigns and promotions

Disincentives (regulations)

Pricing Strategies

Locally targeted

Measured and evaluated

TDM - How? Publicly funded local programs (CMAQ mainly) (Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality funds) Regional / local contracted programs through non-profits Employer sponsored HR or benefits programs or transportation programs Voluntary programs mainly Regulated programs (limited, CA, WA, OR; or local ordinances)

Publicly funded local programs (CMAQ mainly)

(Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality funds)

Regional / local contracted programs through non-profits

Employer sponsored HR or benefits programs or transportation programs

Voluntary programs mainly

Regulated programs (limited, CA, WA, OR; or local ordinances)

TDM-When? NOW The time is right- High gas prices Economic & political climate Congestion costs rising Environmental concerns

NOW

The time is right-

High gas prices

Economic & political climate

Congestion costs rising

Environmental concerns

TDM Motivation(s) Public/Govt: Reduce Congestion Improve System Performance Reduce Energy Dependence Improve Air Quality TDM “air credit” in Atlanta, Houston, Dallas only Calif AQ mandates removed Individual: Quality of Life Money Savings Less on Enviro/AQ

Public/Govt:

Reduce Congestion

Improve System Performance

Reduce Energy Dependence

Improve Air Quality

TDM “air credit” in Atlanta, Houston, Dallas only

Calif AQ mandates removed

Individual:

Quality of Life

Money Savings

Less on Enviro/AQ

MORE PRODUCTIVE ACCOMPLISHMENT DO OTHER THINGS LESS STRESS CAN BUY OTHER THINGS FREEDOM / INDEPENDENCE Strategic Positioning - Individual PERSONAL HAPPINESS PEACE OF MIND SAVES ME TIME SAVES ME MONEY SOCIALIZE LESS POLLUTION HEALTHY IN CONTROL (CONTROL / QUALITY OF LIFE) PERSONAL SAFETY CARPOOL OR VANPOOL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SINGLE OCCUPANCY VEHICLE E-COMMERCE TELE-COMMUTING WALKING LEVERAGE POINT

TDM Motivations TDM: Recognition of value and benefits; incentives effective, DC shift in marketing; short vs long-term debate Atlanta Cash for Commuters incentives registrations Gas $ spikes

TDM: Recognition of value and benefits; incentives effective, DC shift in marketing; short vs long-term debate

511 From Vision to Phone Call Kentucky Florida Nebraska Utah San Francisco Iowa

An “easy to remember” abbreviated three-digit dialing code and website URL Phone – a “speed dial” to a ten-digit telephone number Web – used to “co-brand” traveler information services Background What is 511?

An “easy to remember” abbreviated three-digit dialing code and website URL

Phone – a “speed dial” to a ten-digit telephone number

Web – used to “co-brand” traveler information services

511 Deployment Status = 511 Operational (“Live”) Alaska Hawaii Puerto Rico D.C. = Expect 2007 Launch as of May 1, 2006 Accessible by 74% of Population in 2007

511 Deployment Status

Arizona Sacramento / Northern California San Francisco Bay Area Southeast Florida Utah Colorado (Planning) 511 Deployment Status Rideshare, Car / Van Pool Information on 5 of 30 Services

Arizona

Sacramento / Northern California

San Francisco Bay Area

Southeast Florida

Utah

Colorado (Planning)

Effective Practices – Ridesharing Enhanced content Generally most appropriate in dense urban areas Effective Practices: San Francisco Bay Area Service offered on both web and phone Callers can be transferred to a ride-sharing service based on their location Website users set schedules, addresses, transportation preferences

Enhanced content

Generally most appropriate in dense urban areas

Effective Practices: San Francisco Bay Area

Service offered on both web and phone

Callers can be transferred to a ride-sharing service based on their location

Website users set schedules, addresses, transportation preferences

The Program: Voluntary business-government partnership to ease traffic congestion, save fuel, improve national energy security, and reduce ozone forming pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions The Challenge: Reduce single occupancy vehicle commuting by getting employers to offer employees the “National Standard of Excellence” for commuter benefits National Coordinating Activity - Employer Best Practices

The Program: Voluntary business-government partnership to ease traffic congestion, save fuel, improve national energy security, and reduce ozone forming pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions

The Challenge: Reduce single occupancy vehicle commuting by getting employers to offer employees the “National Standard of Excellence” for commuter benefits

Offer commuter benefits package Emergency Ride Home One of four Primary Options Three or more Supporting Options Meet performance benchmark Report success to EPA Coordinate communication Designate point of contact Centralize information Communicate commuter benefits Criteria for National Standard of Excellence for Commuter Benefits Primary options (choose 1) $30 transit/vanpool subsidy Parking cash out 6% or greater telecommuting

Offer commuter benefits package

Emergency Ride Home

One of four Primary Options

Three or more Supporting Options

Meet performance benchmark

Report success to EPA

Coordinate communication

Designate point of contact

Centralize information

Communicate commuter benefits

Primary options (choose 1)

$30 transit/vanpool subsidy

Parking cash out

6% or greater telecommuting

Over 3,500,000 commuters covered by end of 2006 Nationwide 1600+ Best Workplaces for Commuters employers Congestion relief 4.1 billion vehicle miles traveled reduced Annual energy and pollution savings: 207+ million gallons gasoline 3,500+ tons N0x 1.8 million metric tons CO2 Metro campaigns in 2006 will include: Phoenix; Tucson; Dallas (North Texas); Houston; New England; Triangle Region, NC; SF Bay Area; Sacramento; South Florida; WA State Different levels of success and penetration across country Program Results

Over 3,500,000 commuters covered by end of 2006

Nationwide 1600+ Best Workplaces for Commuters employers

Congestion relief

4.1 billion vehicle miles traveled reduced

Annual energy and pollution savings:

207+ million gallons gasoline

3,500+ tons N0x

1.8 million metric tons CO2

Metro campaigns in 2006 will include:

Phoenix; Tucson; Dallas (North Texas); Houston; New England; Triangle Region, NC; SF Bay Area; Sacramento; South Florida; WA State

Different levels of success and penetration across country

HOV/HOT/Priced Lanes High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) High Occupancy Toll (HOT) Enhance System Efficiency and Throughput Express bus network; Bus Rapid Transit Vanpools and carpools encouraged Add System Revenue / Finance Challenges Long-Term: Pricing Network and Variable Tolls

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV)

High Occupancy Toll (HOT)

Enhance System Efficiency and Throughput

Express bus network; Bus Rapid Transit

Vanpools and carpools encouraged

Add System Revenue / Finance Challenges

Long-Term: Pricing Network and Variable Tolls

HOV/HOT/Priced Lanes Public-Private Initiatives Interstate Pilots: -Construction -Reconstruction (Chicago Skyway) Value Pricing Pilot Express Lanes HOV to HOT Tolling (for financing) Pricing (to manage demand)

Public-Private Initiatives

Interstate Pilots:

-Construction

-Reconstruction

(Chicago Skyway)

Value Pricing Pilot

Express Lanes

HOV to HOT

HOV /HOT/Priced Lanes High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes Options: HOV-2, HOV-3 or greater Time Limited (peak period) Reversible (A.M. and P.M.) Dedicated Lanes Priced SOV for Alternative Fueled Vehicle

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes

Options:

HOV-2, HOV-3 or greater

Time Limited (peak period)

Reversible (A.M. and P.M.)

Dedicated Lanes

Priced

SOV for Alternative Fueled Vehicle

HOV/ HOT /Priced Lanes High Occupancy Toll Lanes Congestion Pricing, Value Pricing Options: Variable Pricing (peak and off-peak) Distance Based Discount/Free for Carpoolers Electronic Recording

High Occupancy Toll Lanes

Congestion Pricing, Value Pricing Options:

Variable Pricing (peak and off-peak)

Distance Based

Discount/Free for Carpoolers

Electronic Recording

Priced Lanes Have Worked SR 91 - Southern Calif. Toll-payers save 20-30 minutes Trip time is reliable

SR 91 - Southern Calif.

Toll-payers save 20-30 minutes

Trip time is reliable

Priced Lanes Have Worked SR 91 - So Cal.: HOT lanes carry more vehicles per lane

SR 91 - So Cal.:

HOT lanes carry more vehicles per lane

Commuter Benefits Internal Revenue Service Code Section 132(f) (US tax authority) Qualified Transportation Fringes Requires employer involvement Permits employers to subsidize employees’ transit and vanpool costs Allows commuters to use pre-tax dollars to pay for transit and vanpool costs (or combination employer and employee)

Internal Revenue Service Code Section 132(f) (US tax authority)

Qualified Transportation Fringes

Requires employer involvement

Permits employers to subsidize employees’ transit and vanpool costs

Allows commuters to use pre-tax dollars to pay for transit and vanpool costs (or combination employer and employee)

Where Do Tax Savings Come From? Employees can save potentially on three types of taxes Federal income tax State income tax Federal payroll tax (FICA) Employers can save on two types of taxes Federal payroll taxes (FICA) Employee salary write-off on corporate income taxes

Employees can save potentially on three types of taxes

Federal income tax

State income tax

Federal payroll tax (FICA)

Employers can save on two types of taxes

Federal payroll taxes (FICA)

Employee salary write-off on corporate income taxes

Maximum Tax-Free Benefits $105 per month for transit $105 per month for commuter highway vehicles $205 per month for qualified parking Eligible: Bus, Rail, Ferry, Subway, Shuttle bus, Subscription bus, vanpool Ineligible: Walk, Bicycle, Carpool, Telecommute

$105 per month for transit

$105 per month for commuter highway vehicles

$205 per month for qualified parking

Eligible: Bus, Rail, Ferry, Subway, Shuttle bus, Subscription bus, vanpool

Ineligible: Walk, Bicycle, Carpool, Telecommute

TDM Trends Travel Behavior is Complex! Individuals/Consumers, Businesses, Governments, Transportation System Emotional/Rational - Money, Environment, Energy, Security, Stress, Quality of Life………

Travel Behavior is Complex!

Individuals/Consumers, Businesses, Governments, Transportation System

Emotional/Rational - Money, Environment, Energy, Security, Stress, Quality of Life………

Trends & TDM Information: IM/TM, Craig’s list, Google Transit, Traffic.com Vehicles: GPS, Telematics, Car Sharing, Pay-as-you-go insurance Financing: Efficiency of Travel, Comparative Strategies, Tolling Social / Individualized Marketing and Targeting More Work at Home / Telework Aging Boomers and Travel TDM: +/- for Variety of Strategies and Options

Information: IM/TM, Craig’s list, Google Transit, Traffic.com

Vehicles: GPS, Telematics, Car Sharing, Pay-as-you-go insurance

Financing: Efficiency of Travel, Comparative Strategies, Tolling

Social / Individualized Marketing and Targeting

More Work at Home / Telework

Aging Boomers and Travel

TDM: +/- for Variety of Strategies and Options

Trends & TDM Energy: Spikes, Emergencies, Increased Recognition of Impact Workplace: More Employ er Flexibility, More Employ ee Stress Emergency Preparedness/Biz Continuity: TDM as Tool for Disasters, Bird Flu, Security More Health Impacts and Analysis (UK assessments) More Environmental (Climate Change) Focus Iraq, US Elections TDM: +/- for Variety of Strategies and Options

Energy: Spikes, Emergencies, Increased Recognition of Impact

Workplace: More Employ er Flexibility, More Employ ee Stress

Emergency Preparedness/Biz Continuity: TDM as Tool for Disasters, Bird Flu, Security

More Health Impacts and Analysis (UK assessments)

More Environmental (Climate Change) Focus

Iraq, US Elections

TDM: +/- for Variety of Strategies and Options

Conclusions TDM is Not in Isolation Consider/Promote Costs & Trade-offs TDM is Tool - Not an Outcome Target Local Programs to Market & Conditions Coordinate, Integrate with Other Tools/Strategies Work at Various Levels Employers Consumer / Individual Government - All Levels

TDM is Not in Isolation

Consider/Promote Costs & Trade-offs

TDM is Tool - Not an Outcome

Target Local Programs to Market & Conditions

Coordinate, Integrate with Other Tools/Strategies

Work at Various Levels

Employers

Consumer / Individual

Government - All Levels

TDM & Technology Personal: Cell phones, PDA, Telework Community: ITS, 511, Traveler Information, Broadband expansion Vehicle: GPS, DVDs, MPGs, AFVs, Telematics, Car sharing Transportation System: 511, ITS, Tolling TDM: Info and services for decision making and behavior change; San Fran 511, Car sharing, Wi-fi on trains; TW platforms;IMing, new businesses

Personal: Cell phones, PDA, Telework

Community: ITS, 511, Traveler Information, Broadband expansion

Vehicle: GPS, DVDs, MPGs, AFVs, Telematics, Car sharing

Transportation System: 511, ITS, Tolling

TDM: Info and services for decision making and behavior change; San Fran 511, Car sharing, Wi-fi on trains; TW platforms;IMing, new businesses

TDM & Transportation Financing/Funding Always Under Scrutiny Decrease in Gas Tax Revenue HOT/Congestion Pricing Public-Private, CIDs, Cost Sharing Homeland Security TDM: Find champion, provide relevance, identify creative financing mechanisms, demonstrate results in $ terms, private shuttles growing, bulk discount cuts

Always Under Scrutiny

Decrease in Gas Tax Revenue

HOT/Congestion Pricing

Public-Private, CIDs, Cost Sharing

Homeland Security

TDM: Find champion, provide relevance, identify creative financing mechanisms, demonstrate results in $ terms, private shuttles growing, bulk discount cuts

TDM & Transportation System Management & Operations Reliability / Predictability / Efficiency Cost Efficiency Community Impact TDM: NTOC, Lack of standard data, relative impact versus others, “soft factors,” complementary of all modes, one of many solutions

Management & Operations

Reliability / Predictability / Efficiency

Cost Efficiency

Community Impact

TDM: NTOC, Lack of standard data, relative impact versus others, “soft factors,” complementary of all modes, one of many solutions

TDM & Communities, Health, Obesity, Aging Land Use Incorporating Options Livable Communities Growing Correlation of Travel and Health/Obesity Population Growing Boomer and Mobility Needs Shifting TDM: Opportunities for new partnerships, markets, messages; land use challenges remain

Land Use Incorporating Options

Livable Communities Growing

Correlation of Travel and Health/Obesity

Population Growing

Boomer and Mobility Needs Shifting

TDM: Opportunities for new partnerships, markets, messages; land use challenges remain

TDM & Workforce Environment Distributed workplaces Technology allows mobility Employ ee Flexibility Requested Increased Employ er Involvement Transportation Seen as Benefit Businesses Emerge to Serve TDM Used as Business Continuity Tool TDM: TW, communications, flex schedules, benefits, COOP, new business opportunities (iWork, s/w, devices, info services); employee management concerns

Distributed workplaces

Technology allows mobility

Employ ee Flexibility Requested

Increased Employ er Involvement

Transportation Seen as Benefit

Businesses Emerge to Serve TDM

Used as Business Continuity Tool

TDM: TW, communications, flex schedules, benefits, COOP, new business opportunities (iWork, s/w, devices, info services); employee management concerns

TDM & Emergency Preparedness, Biz Continuity, COOP Evacuation Planning - New Orleans, Houston Homeland Security Preparedness Business Continuity, Service Disruption Weather / Natural Events London Bombings NYC Transit Strike Bird Flu, SARS, Pandemics TDM: TW major option, TDM relevant tools; FL TW program; learn from businesses; security funds and state/local planning

Evacuation Planning - New Orleans, Houston

Homeland Security Preparedness

Business Continuity, Service Disruption

Weather / Natural Events

London Bombings

NYC Transit Strike

Bird Flu, SARS, Pandemics

TDM: TW major option, TDM relevant tools; FL TW program; learn from businesses; security funds and state/local planning

TDM & Energy Recognition of Gas Price Impact Technology vs Behavior Benefits Alternatives & Options: TW, CP, VP Spikes Differ from Gradual Rise

Recognition of Gas Price Impact

Technology vs Behavior Benefits

Alternatives & Options: TW, CP, VP

Spikes Differ from Gradual Rise

TDM & Energy TDM: Recognition of value and benefits; incentives effective, DC shift in marketing; short vs long-term debate Atlanta Cash for Commuters incentives registrations

TDM: Recognition of value and benefits; incentives effective, DC shift in marketing; short vs long-term debate

TDM & Research, Measurement/Evaluation ROI and Operational Efficiency Comparative Strategies National Standard Data Lacking Individualized and Social Marketing TDM: Increasing R&M; evaluation required; need standard data; helps to focus programs; individualized and social marketing growing

ROI and Operational Efficiency

Comparative Strategies

National Standard Data Lacking

Individualized and Social Marketing

TDM: Increasing R&M; evaluation required; need standard data; helps to focus programs; individualized and social marketing growing