Starter : Watch these two short video clips. What questions or comments do you have? RioCityOfContrasts594.wmv GeoTube - Rio Slums and Violence.flv

5 Ws?

Aim of the lesson To be able to answer an exam case study question worded something like: “ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ” (7 marks) (from 2008 OCR A paper)

To be able to answer an exam case study question worded something like:

“ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ”

(7 marks)

(from 2008 OCR A paper)

What would you need to do to get full marks? “ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ” Variety of examples Specific details – examiner’s report: “Learn the details of case studies to give them authenticity”

“ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ”

Some key words : Squatter settlement Slum Rio de Janeiro (spelling and origin) Favela Self-help scheme Quality of life v. Standard of living Informal sector Roçinha

Not Rio, but a good little intro to the ideas involved…

Characteristics of shanty town housing

Solving the housing problem

A key idea There is a huge variety in the quality of shanty towns around the world, and even within Rio. Roçinha is one of the most ‘developed’ – everyone lives in brick houses, there is a sewage system, most people have satellite TV and there was even a McDonald’s there until recently

There is a huge variety in the quality of shanty towns around the world, and even within Rio.

Roçinha is one of the most ‘developed’ – everyone lives in brick houses, there is a sewage system, most people have satellite TV and there was even a McDonald’s there until recently

Why on the hillside?

There’s not just one or two!

The wealthier people mostly live in apartments (flats) [why?] Rio is famous for the rich and poor being right next to each other

This is Rocinha – one favela on one hillside – population….? … over 150 000 (about 15 x Sherborne’s!)

Why are the trees here? Why are there no ‘posh’ flats here? [clue] What’s this?

Notice anything unusual about the location of the favelas, compared to usual for LEDC city?

Activity – Problems and Solutions Place your two slips next to correct “big point” cards In 2s, go to a “big point” card and decide on an order of significance / importance Be prepared to justify your order, and make other comments about the information

Place your two slips next to correct “big point” cards

In 2s, go to a “big point” card and decide on an order of significance / importance

Be prepared to justify your order, and make other comments about the information

Some other key solutions…

The millionaire cake-maker's favela house How did he make so much money in a favela? Why does he still live there?

Lotes periféricos on the outskirts of Rio (following slum clearance by military government in 1980s)

JR, French artist

“ Favela Painting” project

Plenary questions What is a self-help scheme ? What are the advantages compared to wholly government-run schemes?

What is a self-help scheme ?

What are the advantages compared to wholly government-run schemes?

3. What is the Favela–Bairro project? 4. How much money have the Rio authorities spent on it to date?

5. What has JR done? 6. What other arts scheme is helping in Rio’s favelas?

7. What is lotes periféricos ? 8. What is Barra da Tijuca ?

Is there anything else you learned that would help you to answer: “ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ” NOTE: it may ask you to evaluate rather than just describe

“ For a named city in an LEDC which you have studied, describe attempts to improve the quality of life in the squatter settlements ”

Final key idea “ Improving the favelas can never be a truly sustainable solution to the problems caused by rural to urban migration” (extra research sheets)