Mobile Technologies Introduction Basics of GSM Value Added Services SMS Short Codes Asterisk * LBS

Introduction

Basics of GSM

Value Added Services

SMS

Short Codes

Asterisk *

LBS

Basic Unit of GSM Networks

GSM Components MSC – Mobile Switching Center BSC – Base Station Controller BTS – Base Transceiver Station VLR – Visitor Location Register HLR – Home Location Register LMU – Location measurement Unit SMLC – Serving mobile location center GMLC – Gateway mobile location center

MSC – Mobile Switching Center

BSC – Base Station Controller

BTS – Base Transceiver Station

VLR – Visitor Location Register

HLR – Home Location Register

LMU – Location measurement Unit

SMLC – Serving mobile location center

GMLC – Gateway mobile location center

GSM Architecture Base Station VLR MSC VLR MSC HLR land link land link Radio link

MSC – Mobile Switching Center Deliver Calls to Subscribers Uses VLR data to route calls Deliver SMS to handset from the SMSC Handles BSC to BSC Handovers Collect billing information

Deliver Calls to Subscribers

Uses VLR data to route calls

Deliver SMS to handset from the SMSC

Handles BSC to BSC Handovers

Collect billing information

BSC – Base Station Controller Controls Many BTSs Allocates radio channels Handles BTS to BTS handovers

Controls Many BTSs

Allocates radio channels

Handles BTS to BTS handovers

Basic Unit of GSM Networks

BTS – Base Transceiver Station Radio Base Station Handles the Wireless communication Transceiver Power Amplifier Antenna

Radio Base Station

Handles the Wireless communication

Transceiver

Power Amplifier

Antenna

BTS

BTS Sectors

Cell Management

HLR – Home Location Register Stores details of each SIM GSM services accessible to a subscriber Current roaming area Retrieves information from BSC Updates VLR Acts as the middle man for SMS and calls

Stores details of each SIM

GSM services accessible to a subscriber

Current roaming area

Retrieves information from BSC

Updates VLR

Acts as the middle man for SMS and calls

VLR – Visitor Location Register Local cache for HLR Used to setup the call quickly Directly connected to the MSC Stores the MCC, MNC and cell ID

Local cache for HLR

Used to setup the call quickly

Directly connected to the MSC

Stores the MCC, MNC and cell ID

Call Establishment

GSM Network Elements

SS7

SMS – Different Types Point to Point Broadcast

Point to Point

Broadcast

SMS – Different Types User Specific ME Specific SIM Specific

User Specific

ME Specific

SIM Specific

SMSC

Mobile Originated SMS

Mobile Terminated SMS

SMS

Short Codes Pull Service Premium Billing Connects all mobile users Short Code Nation

Pull Service

Premium Billing

Connects all mobile users

Short Code Nation

Short Code Demo Send GO JACOB to 3636 www.go3636.com

Send GO JACOB to 3636

www.go3636.com

Short Code Architecture

Asterisk * Software PBX Open Source Written in C APIs are available for integration Supports many industry standards

Software PBX

Open Source

Written in C

APIs are available for integration

Supports many industry standards

What is a PBX

Asterisk at Work

Positioning Technologies Handset Based Network Based Hybrid

Handset Based

Network Based

Hybrid

GPS Free To Use 24 Satellites in Orbit Maintained by US Defense NAVSTAR GPS NAV igation S atellite T iming A nd R anging Minimum 3 Satellites needed for Positioning

Free To Use

24 Satellites in Orbit

Maintained by US Defense

NAVSTAR GPS

NAV igation S atellite T iming A nd R anging

Minimum 3 Satellites needed for Positioning

GPS Satellites in Orbit

School Mathematics

Time Difference of Arrival

A-GPS GPS + Network Assistance Server Useful Where 3 Satellites are not in Range Speedy calculations Future Mobiles will have GPS Receivers

GPS + Network

Assistance Server

Useful Where 3 Satellites are not in Range

Speedy calculations

Future Mobiles will have GPS Receivers

LMU – Location Measurement Unit Monitors Signals from BTS Monitors Satellite GPS Data

Monitors Signals from BTS

Monitors Satellite GPS Data

SMLC – Serving Mobile Location Center Coordinates the location calculation process Does calculation based on known values Converts the location information into Latitude and Longitude

Coordinates the location calculation process

Does calculation based on known values

Converts the location information into Latitude and Longitude

GMLC – Gateway Mobile Location Center Provides External Access to Location Data Queries the SMLC to get the location information Authorization Billing

Provides External Access to Location Data

Queries the SMLC to get the location information

Authorization

Billing

GSM Architecture with LBS

Location Based Services. Emergency services (911, 100, 101 etc) Traffic / Weather alerts Location sensitive advertising Destination maps

Emergency services (911, 100, 101 etc)

Traffic / Weather alerts

Location sensitive advertising

Destination maps