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控制濕疹 十大妙法
  編輯:Kenneth Kong
控制濕疹十大妙法

前言
多謝大家索取「控制濕疹十個妙法」的資料,本資料冊只作參考,如有任何關
於醫學問題,可請教閣下的家庭醫生。


本人曾接觸了很多患有濕疹小朋友的家長,他們都面對很大壓力。因為他們嘗
試了很多不同的方法,並付上了不少的金錢。但小朋友的濕疹並沒有明顯改
善。因此,我便從 Amazon 購買了很多關於如何對付濕疹的書本及資料。現將
這些資料歸納成為「控制濕疹十大妙法」,你可以將這些資料與他人分享,亦
可以電郵致本人的郵箱 hkeczema@yahoo.com.hk 分享你的寶貴經驗及作出
交流。


絕大部份患有濕疹的朋友,他們會徹夜難眠、皮膚疼痛、有過敏反應、自尊心
下降因而影響社交。事實上,濕疹並不難處理,若果你能對症下藥及持之以
恆,相信濕疹便不會這麼容易復發了。


妙法一 :如何選擇面霜?
你可能會聽過「你覺得甚麼舒服就可以購買」這句說話。但是,我們並不容易
買到令我們舒服的面霜。你千萬不可將潤膚膏塗在面上,因為這樣會令皮膚乾
燥多於保護或滋潤皮膚。你亦避免使用任何含有防腐劑及有害化學物質的面
霜。


妙法二 :怎樣使用外用藥膏?
藥膏會用於保護皮膚及保持濕潤。有些人會於早上用藥膏塗抹身體。如果你的
面部感覺乾燥,你應該使用保濕面霜。當你使用藥膏於受影響的地方,你可以
使用棉花墊清除污垢、多餘藥膏及死皮。
妙法三:怎樣選擇保濕外用藥膏?
你需要的藥膏是能夠給你足夠保護並在你預算範圍及容易購買得到。你可以選
購 Vaseline 凡士林、100% Shea Butter ( 不含類固醇及不會引起過敏的潤膚
劑 )


妙法四:怎樣及何時沐浴?
我很難想像有些濕疹患者會懼怕沐浴。事實上,沐浴可以令你的皮膚有再生的
機會。雖然水會令你的皮膚乾燥,但你可以利用去除氯氣的花灑頭。濕疹患者
應該每星期沐浴 2-3 次,因為沐浴次數越多,你的皮膚會變成乾燥。


緊記不要使用太熱的水來洗澡,因為過熱的水會令你的皮膚容易乾燥。但若果
用凍水洗澡,並不能有效地清潔毛孔。


濕疹患者的正確沐浴方法
濕潤皮膚,為濕疹的最佳根本治療,例如每天在微溫的水中洗澡二十至二十五
分鐘,即可達到效果,且可在洗澡水中加入非皂非鹼的洗劑(如燕麥製品);至於
刺激性的化學劑則應避免使用。洗澡後要立刻擦上保濕性強的乳液或乳霜,一
般的嬰兒乳液、嬰兒油對改善病情沒有用。綿羊油或綿羊乳液則要避免,因為
羊毛脂本身可能引起過敏,如果不知何者適合可選擇凡士林。
妙法五 : 怎樣控制痕癢
痕癢令人煩厭。若果我們真的擁有及帶剌激性皮膚是非常之不幸,但痕癢的感
覺是非常之難忍。痕癢會令你完全失控。因此,最有效的方法便是減低這些感
覺。


若果你能控制痕癢,有 90%濕疹將會很大機會痊癒。   你不搔皮膚,濕疹並不
會惡化。你可以用手掌搔皮膚。但千萬不可以用手指甲或尖銳的物件以避免流
血及受感染。你可以參考以下方法而令你立即停止痕癢:
1. 你可以用潤膚露令皮膚冰涼。
2. 令你的雙手及腦袋忙碌。
3. 睡覺前,你可以沖溫水浴。
4. 放置冰袋於痕癢患處。
5. 要習慣早睡,每日最少有8小時睡眠。因大部份濕疹患者並沒有足夠睡
 眠。當你感到疲倦時,你便很容易搔癢。
6. 利用手掌按摩痕癢的部位。


妙法六 : 注意飲食及生活習慣
食物的控制會有很大的幫助,少吃牛奶、蛋、海鮮,以及醃、燻、罐頭食物,
含人工色素的果汁、糖果、竹筍、香菇等是也都不可多吃。且患者應減少出入
公共場所及空氣污染區,並避免讓自己接觸到二手煙。
妙法七 : 注意食物過敏原
在飲食方面,如果懷疑有食物過敏,則應小心飲食。不過體質因人而異,所以
每個人可以留意一下自己對食物的反應,如果知道某些特定的食物會加重病情
時,則須避開該食物。     以下有 7 類強力過敏食物:
1. 海鮮類
2. 含人工食品添加物的食品
3. 豆莢類
4. 核果類
5. 含咖啡因
6. 某些水果如芒果、草莓、番茄等
7. 含酒精的飲料或菜餚


預防食物過敏的 4 大原則
1. 禁吃會引起過敏的食物
2. 不吃不新鮮的魚類食品
3. 了解發生過敏的原因
4. 避開含琉添加物食品


妙法八 : 避免壓力、心理負擔
壓力、心理負擔會造成人體免疫功能運作異常,由於過敏體質的人就是因為免
疫機能運作不正常,因此壓力、心理負擔對於過敏體質人的免疫系統運作有如
雪上加霜,常因為如此使得病情加重。


3個黃金定律
1.定期做放鬆運動
2.均衡生活
3.戒掉日常生活壞習慣如煙、酒等
妙法九:改善家居環境
每日,你會有 40%時間在睡房中度過。若果是嬰兒可能會多於 80%。因此,
睡房必須保持沒有致原敏環境如遠離塵蟎及霉菌。你可以在市面上找到不同產
品來改善家居環境:


1. 抗致敏原床上用品
我們的一生當中有三份之一的時間是花在睡床上。不幸地,睡床亦是塵蟎存活
及繁殖的最佳地方,原因是睡床完全具有以下的條件讓塵蟎生存甚至
是繁殖:a) 溫暖 (體溫)
      b) 濕度 (揮發的汗水)
      c) 食物 (人體脫落的皮屑)


故此對濕疹患者而言,睡床是最需要實施致敏源控制措施的地方。雖然有很多
方法可以控制睡床上塵蟎的數量,但是被醫護界廣泛接納的則只有
一個,就是用防蟎的抗敏套子去包裹床褥、枕頭、軟墊及被鋪。


這項措施的原理是使用套子去斷絕患者及致敏原(塵蟎致敏原、動物致敏原)之
間的接觸,而同時又可以令身體所揮發的濕氣 (汗水) 可以吸走,即所謂的透
氣度。


2. 醫療標準吸塵機
HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) 是在第二次世界大戰期間所研究出來
的,原本的用途是防止核反應設施內帶幅射的微塵外泄。此等過濾技術在
過去的六十年中不斷精益求精,並成為現今醫療及軍用無塵環境的基礎技
術。近年 HEPA 更進軍家居,被家電製造商安裝於空氣清新機及吸塵機中,令
過敏症患者及講求空氣質素之消費者可有更佳選擇。
大部份的吸塵機,在收集塵埃及其他微粒的同時,會將大部份所吸入的微粒通
過吸咀、塵袋排氣管道再次釋放在空氣中。只有配備了密封系統及 HEPA 過濾
系統之吸塵機可以防止致敏源在吸塵的過程中被噴出並懸浮於空氣中。


3. 醫療級 TrueHEPA 空氣過濾系統
如果你會被懸浮於空氣中的致敏源引致出現過敏症狀的話,那麼每一口你吸進
的空氣都可能會對你的病情有所影響。若離家或在戶外,那麼佩戴合
適的口罩可以令你減少所吸入的花粉、塵埃、污染物或化學物。


根據美國環境保護局 (US EPA) 的研究室內之空氣污染物通常會比室外高出
2 至 5 倍。因此,若在戶內的話,你可以購買一部戶內空氣清新機,以控制
你所吸入的空氣之質素。


一個效能良好,即能過濾大量微小粒子的過濾網是影響空氣清新機效能的
關鍵。小粒子的直徑是以微米 (micron) 為單位,舉例來說:頭髮的直徑約
是 50 微米;一般花粉的直徑約是 30 微米;塵蟎致敏源約是 20 微米;而貓
隻致敏源則只有 2 微米而已。


你可以想像到懸浮於空氣中的致敏源是如何的細小,故此必需要使用高效
能過濾網將致敏源從空氣中濾掉。


妙法十 : 小心選擇衣物
濕疹患者對衣物選擇不同於過敏性鼻炎及氣喘患者,由於皮膚過敏的患者絕大
數在高溫的刺激下,很容易誘發皮膚的搔癢感,因此這類的病患通常洗澡水不
應過熱,衣著也應選擇透氣涼爽舒適且易吸汗的為主,材質則須避開毛料或是
不透氣的尼龍布料,因為這些都因不透氣而讓皮膚處於較高溫的環境下,以致
於容易引起皮膚的搔癢感。
多謝大家閱讀 「控制濕疹 10 個妙法」,本人希望這些資料能幫助你、嬰兒或
小朋友能有效地控制濕疹。 我覺得最重要的是忍耐及放鬆心情。


如果,你還有任何問題或見解,請電郵給本人 hkeczema@yahoo.com.hk.


順祝身體健康
   身心愉快!


Kenneth Kong

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控制濕疹十個妙法