Lesson 3 - Secondary Research 1

Lesson 3 RESEARCH METHODS 1

Presentation 1: Research Focus
For Week 3:
Prepare a 5-6 minute presentation briefly explaining the topic , your focus and the research question .
Explain and give examples to help the audience understand.
Detail your sources .
Design PowerPoint slides .

Set a schedule
Find a researchable topic & question
Develop a research strategy
Find sources
Make a working bibliography
Evaluate and synthesize sources
Mine and interact with sources
Take steps to avoid plagiarism
Create a structure
Draft the paper
Revise & edit
Cite & Reference
Proofread
Submit
Set a schedule
Find a researchable topic & question
Develop a research strategy
Find sources
Make a working bibliography
Evaluate and synthesize sources
Mine and interact with sources
Take steps to avoid plagiarism
Create a structure
Draft the paper
Revise & edit
Cite & Reference
Proofread
Submit
Research Process

Students will …
recognize primary and secondary approaches to research
identify appropriate primary and secondary research sources
categorize methods for primary and secondary research
identify quantitative and qualitative approaches to primary research
evaluate secondary research sources
explore secondary sources online
L e arning Out c om e s

The searching for and gathering of information and ideas in response to a specific question The set of methods used to address a particular research problem research methodology

Research data that has been previously collected, analysed and published in the form of books, articles, etc. Original research to collect new raw data for a specific reason. This data is then analysed and may be published by the researcher. Society Groups Individuals Poll Survey Focus Group Interview Library Web Databases Research Approach Research Source Research Method Primary Secondary Literature review

Involves collecting and measuring data Often requires large data sets. For example, large numbers of people. Uses mathematical methods to analyse data Aims to achieve objective/scientific view of the subject Quantitative Involves understanding human behaviour and the reasons behind it Focus is on individuals and small groups Objectivity is not the goal , the aim is to understand one point of view, not all points of view Qualitative Primary Approaches

Quantitative Qualitative Primary Approaches Poll Survey Focus Group Interview Poll Survey Survey Focus Group Interview

New Coke Disaster

Photo Ethnography Study
Literature Review
Questionnaire Literature Review Interview Survey
The combination of methods in the study of the same topic
(Visocky & Visocky, 2009) Triangulation

A comprehensive investigation of material such as books and articles relating to the research topic.
Literature review

Use the C.R.A.P. test:
Currency
Reliability
Authority
Purpose
(CRAP Test 2008) Evaluating Secondary Sources

* Currency - How recent is the information? Are there more recent updates available? Is it current enough for your topic? (CRAP Test 2008) Evaluating Secondary Sources

* Reliability - Is content of the resource primarily opinion? Is it balanced and evidenced? Does the creator provide references or sources for data or quotations? (CRAP Test 2008) Evaluating Secondary Sources

*Authority - Who is the creator or author? What are his/her credentials? Is he/she an expert? Who is the published or sponsor? Are they reputable? (CRAP Test 2008) Evaluating Secondary Sources

* Purpose/Point of View - Is it promotional or educational material? Are there advertisements on the website? Is this fact or opinion? Who is the intended audience? (CRAP Test 2008) Evaluating Secondary Sources

Evaluate Wikipedia as a research source. Think about …
Currency?
Reliability?
Authority?
Purpose?
Should you use it? Why/Why not?
Only use Wikipedia …
… for initial research
… for background
… as a stepping stone
DO NOT use it …
… as a source in an assignment
… as your only source on a topic
… because you’re lazy
Internet Sources

Internet Sources

Always be wary of any one single source (in any medium — web, print, television or radio), or of multiple works that derive from a single source.
Where articles have references to external sources (whether online or not) read the references and check whether they really do support what the article says.
In most academic institutions, major references to Wikipedia, along with most encyclopedias, are unacceptable for a research paper.
( Wikipedia , 2011) Internet Sources

Internet Sources

What have you l e arned?
There are 2 approaches to all research: primary and secondary
These approaches are differentiated by the sources of data used
The methods used in primary research depend upon the data desired
Quantitative methods provide general, objective, often statistical data
Qualitative methods provide individual, subjective data
Secondary data must be carefully evaluated
The Internet can be a rich source of secondary data if exploited wisely

REFERENCES Collins, H 2010, Creative Research , AVA, London. CRAP Test 2008. Retrieved 12 January 2011 from http://loex2008collaborate.pbworks.com/w/page/18686701/The-CRAP-Test Summers, J & Smith, B 2003, Communication skills handbook: how to succeed in written and oral communication , 5th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Australia. Visocky O’Grady, K & Visocky O’Grady, J 2009, A Designer’s Research Manual , Rockport, USA.

Exercise – Fashion Marketing / Fashion Design
Prepare a Research Report on Fashion Trends.
Key Question:
Only fashion giants can dictate trends.
In groups:
Part 1: Conduct secondary research (Lesson 3 - 4)
Lesson 3: Mindmap of ideas, preliminary internet searches
Lesson 4: Evaluate research sources, prepare written portion of research report
Part 2: Conduct primary research (Lesson 5 - 6)
Part 3: Submit a short report on your findings (Lesson 9)

Exercise – Part 1 Prepare a Research Report In groups: Part 1: Lesson 3: Create a preliminary mindmap – WH questions Divide the work – who will look at each type of source? Conduct preliminary research – each member of the group looking at different sources Lesson 4: Conduct research – each member of the group looking at different sources Prepare the Literature Review (summary of secondary research)

Exercise – VC, IMD, Game Design
Prepare a Research Report
Key Question:
The idea of sexiness is the best way to market a product.
In groups:

Exercise – Interior Design
Prepare a Research Report
Key Question:
An evaluation of Moshe Safdie’s design of the Marina Bay Sands.
In groups:

Project Step 2:
Presentation 2: Research Client
For Lesson 5:
Prepare a 5-6 minute presentation briefly explaining your client .
Clients may be commercial (e.g. IKEA), governmental (e.g. NEA) or non-governmental organisations (e.g. Greenpeace).
Explain how the focus relates to the client and how the research will help the client.
Explain and give examples to help the audience understand.
Detail your sources .
Design PowerPoint slides .
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Lesson 3 - Secondary Research 1

by Kavita Parwani

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