The document discusses pisciculture, which is the breeding, rearing, and transplantation of fish through artificial means, also known as fish farming. It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. Common varieties reared for food include Pearl spot, Rohu, and Catla fish, while varieties like Goldfish and Guppy are reared for ornamental purposes. Important prawn varieties farmed are Naran and Kara.